KÜRESEL YENİLİKÇİLİK ENDEKS PUANI GELİRİ NASIL ETKİLER? YENİLİKÇİLİK İÇİN BİR POLİTİKA

Öz

Yeniliğin rekabet için önemli olduğu bilinmektedir ve ülkelerin yenilikçi sayılabilmesi için birtakım politikaları izlemesi ve adımları atması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ülkelerin gelirleri ile yenilikçiliğinin bir göstergesi olan Küresel İnovasyon Endeksi'ni (GII) oluşturan faktörlerin ülke geliri ile ilişkisini incelemek ve gelişmekte olan ülkeler için bir yol haritası çizmektir. Öncelikle, GII puanını oluşturan ana faktörlerinin ülke geliri üzerindeki etkisini analiz etmek için Basit Doğrusal Regresyon (OLS) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Daha sonra OLS üzerinde anlamlı olmayan faktörlerin, önemli araç değişkenlere sahip olup olmadığını belirlemek için İki Aşamalı En Küçük Kareler (2SLS) yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, GII puanını oluşturan tüm ana faktörlerin ülke geliri üzerinde istatistiksel olarak farklı önem seviyelerinde anlamlı olduğu saptanmıştır. Ancak bu faktörlerden sadece yaratıcı çıktı faktörünün gelir ile ters yönde ilişkili olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışma, hem gelişmekte olan ülkelere yenilik politikalarını yeniden gözden geçirmeye, hem de yenilikçilik düzeylerini iyileştirmeye yönelik eksikliklerini belirlemede yardımcı olmaktadır. Ülkeler için çok önemli olan faktörlere odaklanma ise onların ekonomik büyümesine daha hızlı ve etkin bir şekilde katkıda bulunmasını sağlayacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Küresel İnovasyon Endeksi
• ülke geliri
• karşılaştırmalı yenilikçilik faktörleri
• rekabetçi stratejik yönetim

HOW DOES THE GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX SCORE AFFECT INCOME? A POLICY FOR INNOVATIVENESS

Öz

Innovation has been a well-known fact for competition. Countries need to pursue a number of policies and take steps to be considered innovative. The aim of this study is to investigate the contribution of factors constituting the Global Innovation Index (GII), which serves as an indicator of countries’ innovativeness, to the economic level thereof and to draw a road map for the developing countries. Regression analysis was employed to evaluate the effects of the sub-factors that make up the GII score on the countries' GDP per capita. As a result, three factors were found to have a significant effect: Research and development (R&D), the countries' political environments and their general infrastructure have been found to have a significant effect on the economy. This study not only assists developing countries in determining their innovation policies, but also in identifying their deficiencies in order to improve their innovation levels. Thus, focusing on the factors that contribute the most to the country's economy, it will be possible to contribute to the economic level of the country more quickly and effectively. Since R&D studies are mostly done in universities, universities in particular should provide more resources to this unit. This research is significant because it highlights the need for private universities to develop R&D strategies in order to boost their competitiveness, provide laboratories and infrastructure with the necessary machinery and equipment, and retain outstanding researchers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• comparative innovativeness factors
• competitive strategic management.
• Global Innovation Index
• Gross Domestic Product
• economic growth

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