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Ticari Olarak Satışa Sunulan Farklı Tip Sucukların Fizikokimyasal ve Tekstürel Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2015, Sayı: 4, 1 - 10, 01.01.2015

Öz

Et ve et ürünleri, yüksek kaliteli ve içerikli proteini, bazı mineralleri, vitaminleri ve esansiyel yağ asitlerini içermesi sebebiyle dengeli ve yeterli beslenmede önemli bir gıda maddesidir. Önemli bir besleyicilik değerine sahip olan et, hem taze olarak hem de değişik lezzet ve aroma özellikleri kazandırmak amacıyla farklı teknolojik işlemler uygulanmasıyla elde edilen ürünler şeklinde de tüketilebilmektedir. Sucuk günümüzde yaygın olarak üretilen ve tüketilen et ürünleri arasında yer almaktadır. Et ürünlerinin tüketici tarafından tercihi ve satın alınmasında en önemli kalite parametrelerinin başında renk, görünüş ve tekstürel özellikler gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada ticari olarak satışa sunulan fermente ve ısıl işlem görmüş sucuklar ayrı ayrı ele alınarak; pH, renk ve laktik asit içerikleri belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca sucukların tekstürel özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla sertlik, yapışkanlık, elastikiyet, gamsılık, çiğnenebilirlik ve esneklik parametreleri objektif yöntemlerle tespit edilmiştir. Fermente sucuk örneklerinin pH değerleri 4.92-5.37; laktik asit miktarları %9.32- 17.33 arasında değişirken, ısıl işlem görmüş örneklerin pH değerleri 4.92-5.68; laktik asit miktarları %11.95-20.30 arasında bulunmuştur. Fermente sucukların iç kesit yüzeyi a*değerleri ısıl işlem örmüş sucukların iç kesit yüzeyi a* değerlerinden genel olarak yüksek bulunmuş; sucuk dış kesit yüzeyi a* değerleri ise düşük bulunmuştur

Kaynakça

  • [1] Muguerza E, Ansorena D, Gimeno O. Astiasara´n I (2004). New formulations for healthier dry fermented sausages: A review. Trends in Food Sci. & Techn, 15, 452–457.
  • [2] Öksüztepe G, İncili GK, Gül SB, Güran HŞ (2011). Elazığ’da tüketime sunulan fermente sucukların mikrobiyolojik ve kimyasal kalitesi. Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilim Veterinerlik Dergisi, 25(3), 107 – 114.
  • [3] Ertaş AH. (1985). Et ürünlerinin üretim teknikleri ve mikroorganizmalar. Kükem, 8(2), 131- 134.
  • [4] Anonymous (2010). Gıdalarda Tekstür Analizi. www.forumfood.org/zyr/dosyalar/3d404e36ac.doc.
  • [5] Crehan CM, Hughes E, Troy DJ. Buckley DJ (2000). Effects of fat level and maltodextrin on the functional properties of frankfurters formulated with 5, 12 and 30% fat. Meat Science, 55, 463- 469.
  • [6] Bozkurt H, Bayram M (2006). Color and texturel attributes of sucuk during ripening. Meat Science, 73, 344-350.
  • [7] Herrero AM, Ordónez JA, Romero de Avila , Herranz , B., de la Hoz L, Cambero MI (2007). Breaking strength of dry fermented sausages and their correlation with texture profile analysis (TPA) and physico-chemical characteristics. Meat Science, 77, 331-338.
  • [8] Lambooij E, Potgieter CM, Britz CM, Nortje GL, Pieterse C (1999). Effects of electrical and mechanical stunning methods on meat quality in Ostriches. Meat Science, 52, 331-337.
  • [9] Keller JE, Skelley GC, Acton CJ (1974). Effect of meat particle size and casing diameter on summer sausage properties during drying. J. Milk Food Technol, 37(2), 101-103.
  • [10]CIE (1976). International Commission on Illumination, Colorimetry: official recommendations of the International Commission on Illumination. Publication CIE No.15 (E-1.3.1) Paris, France: Bureau Central de la CIE.
  • [11]Ensoy Ü, Kolsarıcı N (2004). Fermente et ürünlerinde flavor oluşumu. Standard, 43(507), 81- 93.
  • [12]Ercoşkun H, Tağı Ş, Ertaş AH (2010). The effect of different fermentation intervals on the quality characteristics of heat treated and traditional sucuks. Meat Sci, 85,174-181.
  • [13]Franco I, Prieto B, Cruz JM, Lopez M, Carballo J (2002). Study of the biochemical changes during the processing of androlla, a spanish dry-cured pork sausage. Food Chemistry, 78, 339- 345.
  • [14]Gök V (2006). Antioksidan Kullanımının Fermente Sucukların Bazı Kalite Özellikleri Üzerine Etkileri. (Ph. D Thesis), Ankara Üniversitesi, Gıda Mühendisliği Bölümü, Ankara, 136.
  • [15]Bozkurt H, Erkmen O (2004). Effect of nitrate/nitrite on the quality of sausage (sucuk) during ripening and storage. J Sci Food Agric, 84, 279-286.
  • [16]Pérez-Alvarez JA, Sayas-Barberá ME, Férnandez-López J, Aranda-Catala V (1999). Physicochemical characteristics of Spanish-type dry-cured sausage. Food Research International, 32, 599-607.
  • [17]Üren A, Babayigit D (1997). Colour parameters of Turkish-type fermented sausage during fermentation and ripening. Meat Science, 45(4), 539–549.
  • [18]Cabeza MC, Hoz L, Velasco R, Cambero MI, Ordóñez (2009). Safety and quality of ready-toeat dry fermented sausages subjected to E-beam radiation, Meat Science, 83, 320-327.
  • [19]Yetim H, Gökalp HY, Kaya M, Yanar M, Ockerman HW (1992). Physical, chemical and organoleptic characteristics of Turkish style frankfurters made with an emulsion containing soy flour. Meat Science, 31, 43-56.
  • [20]Hoz L, D’Arrigo M, Cambero I, Ordóñez, JA (2004) Development of an n-3 fatty acid and atocopherol enriched dry fermented sausage. Meat Science, 67, 485-495.
  • [21]Bruna J M, Fernández M, Hierro EM, Ordóñez JA, Hoz L (2000). Combine duse of a protease (Pronase E) and a fungal extract (Penicillium aurantiogriseum) to improve the sensory characteristics of dry fermented sausages. Meat Science, 54, 135–145.
  • [22]Andres SC, Garcia ME, Zaritzky NE, Califano AN (2006). Storage stability of low-fat chicken sausages. Journal of Food Engineering, 72, 311-319.
  • [23]Spaziani M, Del Torre M, Stecchini ML (2009). Changes of physicochemical, microbiological, and textural properties during ripening of Italian low-acid sausages. Proteolysis, sensory and volatile profiles. Meat Science, 81, 77-85.
  • [24]Gimeno, O, Ansorena, D, Astiasaran, I, Bello, J (2000). Characterization of chorizo de Pamplona: Instrumental measurements of colour and texture. Food Chem., 69, 195–200.
  • [25]Casquete R, Benito MJ, Martín A, Ruiz-Moyana S, Hernández A, Córdoba MG (2011). Effect of auto chthonous starter cultures in the production of “salchichón”, a traditional Iberian dryfermented sausage, with differen tripening processes. Meat Science, 44, 1562-1571.
  • [26]Gadiyaram KM, Kannan G (2004). Comparison of textural properties of low-fat chevon, beef, pork and mixed-meat sausages. South African Journal of Animal Science, 34 (Supplement 1).
  • [27]Toptancı İ (2007). Sucuğun Renk ve Tekstürüne Farklı Isıl İşlem Sıcaklıklarının Etkisi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Ankara Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • [28]Herranz B, Hoz L, Hierro E, Fernández M, Ordóñez JA (2005). Improvement of the sensory properties of dry-fermented sausages by the addition of free amino acids. Meat Science, 91, 673-682.
  • [29]Uz A (2008). Az Yağlı Sucuğun Renk ve Tekstürüne Buğday Kepeği İlavesinin Etkisi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Ankara Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.

Determination of Physicochemical and Textural Properties of Different Types of Sucuk Offered for Commercial Sale

Yıl 2015, Sayı: 4, 1 - 10, 01.01.2015

Öz

Meat and meat products are important foodstuffs for adequate and balanced nutrition for the reason that they contain high quality and quantify protein, some minerals, vitamins and essential fatty acids. Possessing significant nutritional value, meat can be consumed not only as fresh but also as products obtained from application of different technological processes for the purpose of gaining various taste and flavor. Nowadays, Sucuk ranks among the meat products which are widely produced and consumed. Color, appearance and textural properties are among the most important quality parameters on preferring and purchasing meat product by consumer. In this research pH, color parameters and lactic acid values were determined for assessment of different types of Sucuk offered for commercial sale. By considering fermented and heat treated sucuks separately, which are offered for commercial sale; pH, color, lactic acid contents were determined. Besides parameters of hardness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, springiness, gumminess, chewiness and resilience were ascertained on the purpose of finding out sucuks’ textural properties. While pH values of fermented sucuk samples range between 4.92-5.37; their lactic acid quantity between 9.32-17.33 %, pH values of heat treated sucuk were detected between 4.92-5.68; their lactic acid quantity as 11.95-20.30%. Cross section a* values of fermented sucuk samples were higher and outer a* values of fermented sucuk samples were lower than heat treated sucuks.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Muguerza E, Ansorena D, Gimeno O. Astiasara´n I (2004). New formulations for healthier dry fermented sausages: A review. Trends in Food Sci. & Techn, 15, 452–457.
  • [2] Öksüztepe G, İncili GK, Gül SB, Güran HŞ (2011). Elazığ’da tüketime sunulan fermente sucukların mikrobiyolojik ve kimyasal kalitesi. Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilim Veterinerlik Dergisi, 25(3), 107 – 114.
  • [3] Ertaş AH. (1985). Et ürünlerinin üretim teknikleri ve mikroorganizmalar. Kükem, 8(2), 131- 134.
  • [4] Anonymous (2010). Gıdalarda Tekstür Analizi. www.forumfood.org/zyr/dosyalar/3d404e36ac.doc.
  • [5] Crehan CM, Hughes E, Troy DJ. Buckley DJ (2000). Effects of fat level and maltodextrin on the functional properties of frankfurters formulated with 5, 12 and 30% fat. Meat Science, 55, 463- 469.
  • [6] Bozkurt H, Bayram M (2006). Color and texturel attributes of sucuk during ripening. Meat Science, 73, 344-350.
  • [7] Herrero AM, Ordónez JA, Romero de Avila , Herranz , B., de la Hoz L, Cambero MI (2007). Breaking strength of dry fermented sausages and their correlation with texture profile analysis (TPA) and physico-chemical characteristics. Meat Science, 77, 331-338.
  • [8] Lambooij E, Potgieter CM, Britz CM, Nortje GL, Pieterse C (1999). Effects of electrical and mechanical stunning methods on meat quality in Ostriches. Meat Science, 52, 331-337.
  • [9] Keller JE, Skelley GC, Acton CJ (1974). Effect of meat particle size and casing diameter on summer sausage properties during drying. J. Milk Food Technol, 37(2), 101-103.
  • [10]CIE (1976). International Commission on Illumination, Colorimetry: official recommendations of the International Commission on Illumination. Publication CIE No.15 (E-1.3.1) Paris, France: Bureau Central de la CIE.
  • [11]Ensoy Ü, Kolsarıcı N (2004). Fermente et ürünlerinde flavor oluşumu. Standard, 43(507), 81- 93.
  • [12]Ercoşkun H, Tağı Ş, Ertaş AH (2010). The effect of different fermentation intervals on the quality characteristics of heat treated and traditional sucuks. Meat Sci, 85,174-181.
  • [13]Franco I, Prieto B, Cruz JM, Lopez M, Carballo J (2002). Study of the biochemical changes during the processing of androlla, a spanish dry-cured pork sausage. Food Chemistry, 78, 339- 345.
  • [14]Gök V (2006). Antioksidan Kullanımının Fermente Sucukların Bazı Kalite Özellikleri Üzerine Etkileri. (Ph. D Thesis), Ankara Üniversitesi, Gıda Mühendisliği Bölümü, Ankara, 136.
  • [15]Bozkurt H, Erkmen O (2004). Effect of nitrate/nitrite on the quality of sausage (sucuk) during ripening and storage. J Sci Food Agric, 84, 279-286.
  • [16]Pérez-Alvarez JA, Sayas-Barberá ME, Férnandez-López J, Aranda-Catala V (1999). Physicochemical characteristics of Spanish-type dry-cured sausage. Food Research International, 32, 599-607.
  • [17]Üren A, Babayigit D (1997). Colour parameters of Turkish-type fermented sausage during fermentation and ripening. Meat Science, 45(4), 539–549.
  • [18]Cabeza MC, Hoz L, Velasco R, Cambero MI, Ordóñez (2009). Safety and quality of ready-toeat dry fermented sausages subjected to E-beam radiation, Meat Science, 83, 320-327.
  • [19]Yetim H, Gökalp HY, Kaya M, Yanar M, Ockerman HW (1992). Physical, chemical and organoleptic characteristics of Turkish style frankfurters made with an emulsion containing soy flour. Meat Science, 31, 43-56.
  • [20]Hoz L, D’Arrigo M, Cambero I, Ordóñez, JA (2004) Development of an n-3 fatty acid and atocopherol enriched dry fermented sausage. Meat Science, 67, 485-495.
  • [21]Bruna J M, Fernández M, Hierro EM, Ordóñez JA, Hoz L (2000). Combine duse of a protease (Pronase E) and a fungal extract (Penicillium aurantiogriseum) to improve the sensory characteristics of dry fermented sausages. Meat Science, 54, 135–145.
  • [22]Andres SC, Garcia ME, Zaritzky NE, Califano AN (2006). Storage stability of low-fat chicken sausages. Journal of Food Engineering, 72, 311-319.
  • [23]Spaziani M, Del Torre M, Stecchini ML (2009). Changes of physicochemical, microbiological, and textural properties during ripening of Italian low-acid sausages. Proteolysis, sensory and volatile profiles. Meat Science, 81, 77-85.
  • [24]Gimeno, O, Ansorena, D, Astiasaran, I, Bello, J (2000). Characterization of chorizo de Pamplona: Instrumental measurements of colour and texture. Food Chem., 69, 195–200.
  • [25]Casquete R, Benito MJ, Martín A, Ruiz-Moyana S, Hernández A, Córdoba MG (2011). Effect of auto chthonous starter cultures in the production of “salchichón”, a traditional Iberian dryfermented sausage, with differen tripening processes. Meat Science, 44, 1562-1571.
  • [26]Gadiyaram KM, Kannan G (2004). Comparison of textural properties of low-fat chevon, beef, pork and mixed-meat sausages. South African Journal of Animal Science, 34 (Supplement 1).
  • [27]Toptancı İ (2007). Sucuğun Renk ve Tekstürüne Farklı Isıl İşlem Sıcaklıklarının Etkisi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Ankara Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • [28]Herranz B, Hoz L, Hierro E, Fernández M, Ordóñez JA (2005). Improvement of the sensory properties of dry-fermented sausages by the addition of free amino acids. Meat Science, 91, 673-682.
  • [29]Uz A (2008). Az Yağlı Sucuğun Renk ve Tekstürüne Buğday Kepeği İlavesinin Etkisi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Ankara Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
Toplam 29 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Hatice Berna Poçan Bu kişi benim

Ali Samet Babaoğlu Bu kişi benim

Kübra Ünal Bu kişi benim

Mustafa Karakaya Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2015 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Poçan, H. B., Babaoğlu, A. S., Ünal, K., Karakaya, M. (2015). Ticari Olarak Satışa Sunulan Farklı Tip Sucukların Fizikokimyasal ve Tekstürel Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi. Journal of New Results in Engineering and Natural Sciences(4), 1-10.