Göçmen Olan ve Olmayan Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Sağlık ve Çevre Okuryazarlık Düzeyleri ve İlişkili Faktörler

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, göçmen ve göçmen olmayan üniversite öğrencilerinin sağlık ve çevre okuryazarlık düzeylerini ve ilişkili faktörleri belirlemektir. Yöntem: Araştırma tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı türde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın örneklemini Türkiye'nin doğusunda bir devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim gören 860 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Veriler Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu, Türkiye Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği (TSOY-32) ve Çevre Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesi; sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma, t testi, f testi ve korelasyon analizi ile SPSS paket programı kullanılarak yapılmıştır. İstatistiksel anlamlılık p<0.05 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırmada, katılımcıların %45.5'i göçmen ve %54.5'i göçmen olmayan öğrencilerdir. Göçmen Öğrenciler TSOY-32'den 31.33±5.59 puan ve Çevre okuryazarlığından 71.00±15.39 puan aldığı saptanmıştır. Göçmen Olmayan Öğrenciler THLS-32'den 18.62±9.68 puan ve Çevre okuryazarlığından 78.53±9.30 aldığı saptanmıştır. Erkekler, göçmenler, çalışanlar, eğitim düzeyi ve sınıfı yüksek olanlar, günlük su tüketenler ve zararlı madde tüketmeyen öğrencilerin sağlık okuryazarlığı ve alt boyut puanları daha yüksek; göçmen olmayan, birinci sınıf, 0-1 litre su tüketen ve zararlı madde tüketmeyen öğrencilerin çevre okuryazarlığının daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Sağlık ve çevre okuryazarlığı arasında zayıf bir negatif ilişki bulunmuştur. Sonuç ve Öneriler: Öğrencilerin büyük çoğunluğunun yetersiz veya sorunlu/sınırlı sağlık okuryazarlığına (%77.5) ve yüksek çevre okuryazarlığına (%60.8) sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sağlık ile çevre okuryazarlığı arasında zayıf bir negatif ilişki bulunmuştur. Yükseköğretim kurumlarında birinci sınıftan itibaren müfredatta yer alan sağlık ve sağlık okuryazarlığı entegre eğitimleri ile farkındalığın artırılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Göçmenler
• Üniversite
• Öğrenciler
• Sağlık okuryazarlığı
• Çevresel sağlık

HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL LITERACY LEVELS OF IMMIGRANT AND NON-IMMIGRANT UNIVERSITY STUDENTS AND RELATED FACTORS

Öz

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the health and environmental literacy levels and related factors of immigrant and non-immigrant university students. Method: The research was carried out in descriptive and relationship-seeking type. The study sample constitute 860 students studying at a state university in the East of Turkey. The data were collected with the Socio-demographic Information Form, Turkey Health Literacy Scale (THLS-32) and Environmental Literacy Scale. Evaluation of the data; It was performed by using SPSS package program with number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t test, f test and correlation analysis. Statistical significance was accepted as p<0.05. Results: In the research, 45.5% of the participants are immigrants and 54.5% are non-immigrant students. It was determined that Immigrant Students got 31.33±5.59 points from THLS-32 and 71.00±15.39 points from Environmental literacy. It was determined that Non-Immigrant Students scored 18.62±9.68 in THLS-32 and 78.53±9.30 in Environmental literacy. Health literacy and sub-dimension scores of men, migrants, employees, those with high education level and class, those who consume water daily and students who do not consume harmful substances are higher; It was found that students who are not immigrants, first 1.class, consume 0-1 liters of water and don’t consume harmful substances have higher environmental literacy. A weak negative relationship was found between health and environmental literacy. Conclusion and Suggestions: A weak negative correlation was found between health and environmental literacy. It was found that the vast majority of students had inadequate or problematic/limited health literacy (77.5%) and high environmental literacy (60.8%). There was a weak negative relationship between health and environmental literacy. In higher education institutions, it is recommended to rise awareness with health and HL integrated educations in the curriculum from the first grade.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Immigrants
• University
• Students
• Health literacy
• Environmental health

Destekleyen Kurum

Çalışma için herhangi bir kurum veya kuruluştan mali destek alınmamıştır.

Teşekkür

The authors would like to thank all students who voluntarily participated in the research.

Kaynakça

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