THE EFFECT OF THE SPIRITUAL STATES OF HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS ON THEIR LEVELS OF HOPELESSNESS

Öz

Aim: This study was conducted descriptively to determine the effects of the spiritual orientation of hemodialysis patients on their levels of hopelessness. Method: The study sample consisted of 100 hemodialysis patients treated at Ondokuz Mayıs University Health Application and Research Center (OMUHARC) hemodialysis unit, nephrology service and City Health Center affiliated to OMUHARC between July 2017 and May 2018. The data were collected using patient introductory information forms, Spiritual Orientation Scale (SOS) and Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). The compliance of the data to normal distribution was examined using the Shapiro Wilk test. Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney U tests were used to compare data that did not conform to normal distribution. Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between the sub-dimensions of the scales. Result: The patients' average age was 56.7±14.4, 59% were male, 80% were married, 53% were diagnosed with chronic renal failure 1-5 years ago, 75% had been receiving hemodialysis treatment for 1-5 years and 63% had another chronic disease. The mean total score of SOS was 99.57±15.51. The mean BHS total score was 5.68 ± 4.43; while the emotions and expectations about the future sub-dimension mean total score was 1.2 ± 1.29, that of the motivation loss sub-dimension was 2.56±1.89, whereas that of the hope sub-dimension was 1.91±1.82. A moderately negative significant correlation was found between SOS and BHS (r: -0.385, p<0.001). Conclusion and Suggestions: We found a moderate relationship between spiritual orientation and hopelessness and that as spiritual orientation increased, hopelessness decreased. To strengthen the patient against hopelessness, we recommend establishing spiritual practices for Hemodialysis (HD) patients and a spiritual support team.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hemodialysis
• Hopelessness
• Nursing
• Spiritual Orientation.

Hemodiyaliz Hastalarının Manevi Durumlarının Umutsuzluk Düzeylerine Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırma hemodiyaliz hastalarının manevi yönelimlerinin umutsuzluk düzeylerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak yürütülmüştür. Materyal ve Metot: Araştırmanın örneklemini Temmuz-2017 ve Mayıs 2018 tarihleri arasında Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Sağlık Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi (OMÜ SUVAM) hemodiyaliz ünitesi, nefroloji servisi ve OMÜ SUVAM’a bağlı Şehir Sağlık Merkezi’nde tedavi gören 100 hemodiyaliz hastası oluşturmuştur. Veriler hasta tanıtıcı bilgi formu, Manevi Yönelim Ölçeği (MYÖ) ve Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği (BUÖ) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin normal dağılıma uygunluğu Shapiro Wilk testi ile incelenmiştir. Normal dağılıma uymayan verilerin karşılaştırılmasında Kruskal Wallis ve Mann Whitney U testi kullanılmıştır. Ölçeklerin alt boyutları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesinde ise Spearman korelasyon analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalamasının 56.7±14.4 olduğu, %59’unun erkek, % 80’inin evli, % 53’ünün 1-5 yıl önce kronik böbrek yetmezliği tanısı aldığı, % 75’inin 1-5 yıldır hemodiyaliz tedavisi aldığı, % 63’ünün başka bir kronik hastalığı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu araştırmada MYÖ toplam puan ortalaması 99.57±15.51 olarak saptanmıştır. BUÖ toplam puan ortalaması ise 5.68±4.43; gelecek ile ilgili duygular ve beklentiler alt boyutu toplam puan ortalaması 1.2±1.29 iken motivasyon kaybı alt boyutu toplam puan ortalaması 2.56±1.89 ve umut alt boyutu toplam puan ortalaması 1.91±1.82 olarak belirlenmiştir. MYÖ ve BUÖ arasında orta düzeyde negatif yönde anlamlı korelasyon belirlenmiştir (r: -0.385, p<0.001). Sonuç ve Önerler: Manevi yönelim ve umutsuzluk arasında orta düzeyde ilişki olduğu ve manevi yönelim arttıkça umutsuzluğun azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Hastanın umutsuzluğa karşı güçlendirilmesi için Hemodiyaliz (HD) hastalarına yönelik manevi uygulamalarının oluşturulması ve manevi destek ekibinin kurulması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hemodiyaliz
• Manevi Yönelim
• Umutsuzluk
• Hemşirelik

Kaynakça

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