COVID-19 Pandemisinde Hemodiyaliz Tedavisi Alan Hastalarda Umutsuzluk: Tanımlayıcı ve Kesitsel Çalışma

Yıl 2024, , 173 - 186, 29.04.2024

Zeynep Pehlivan Köksal , Vacide Aşık Özdemir

https://doi.org/10.47115/jshs.1349153

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, COVID-19 pandemisinde hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan hastaların umutsuzluk düzeyini ve etkileyen faktörleri ortaya koymak amacıyla yapıldı.
Yöntem: Bu araştırma, 2022 yılının Ocak-Nisan ayları arasında Türkiye’nin Kuzeydoğusu’ndaki bir ilde bulunan üç hastaneye bağlı diyaliz merkezlerinde HD tedavisi alan hastalarla yapıldı. Araştırmanın evrenini adı geçen hastanelerin diyaliz ünitelerinde tedavi gören tüm hastalar oluşturdu (N=147). Araştırma, dahil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan ve araştırmaya katılmaya gönüllü olan 110 hasta ile tamamlandı. “Tanıtıcı Bilgiler Formu”, “Charlson Komorbidite İndeksi” ve “Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği (BUÖ)” ile araştırmanın verileri toplandı.
Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 63.30±15.33 olan hastaların %58.2’si erkek ve %80.0’ı evlidir. Hastaların %50.9’u COVID-19 tanısı almıştır, %56.4’ü kendisini COVID-19 açısından riskli grupta görmektedir ve %30.0’u COVID-19’un günlük yaşamında umutsuzluk yaşamasına neden olduğunu belirtmiştir. BUÖ toplam puan ortalamaları 7.87±5.38, Charlson Komorbidite İndeksi toplam puan ortalamaları 5.34±2.35 olarak bulundu. BHS toplam puan ile yaş arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişki mevcuttu (p<0.05). COVID-19 tanısı almayanların BUÖ toplam puan ortalamaları, tanı alan gruba göre anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu (p<0.05).
Sonuç ve Öneriler: Pandemi sürecinde hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan hastaların üçte birinin umutsuzluk yaşadığı, umutsuzluk düzeyinin orta düzeyde olduğu, yaş arttıkça umutsuzluk düzeyinin arttığı ve COVID-19 tanısı almayanların umutsuzluk düzeyinin daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi. Bu kapsamda umutsuzluğun sağlık profesyonelleri tarafından erken tanısı, takibi, tedavisi ve yönetimi, hastalarda geri dönüşü olmayan hataların önlenmesi açısından önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pandemi, COVID-19, Hemodiyaliz, Umutsuzluk

HOPELESSNESS IN PATIENTS RECEIVING HEMODIALYSIS TREATMENT IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A DESCRIPTIVE AND CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Öz

Aim: This study was conducted to reveal the hopelessness level of the patients receiving hemodialysis treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic and the factors affecting it.
Method: This study was conducted with patients receiving HD treatment in dialysis centers affiliated with three hospitals in a province in Northeast Turkey between January and April 2022. The universe of the research is all patients who are treated in the dialysis units of the mentioned hospitals (N=147). The study was completed with 110 patients who met the inclusion criteria and volunteered to participate in the study. The data of the study were collected with the “Descriptive Information Form”, “Charlson Comorbidity Index” and “Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS)”.
Results: 58.2% of the patients with a mean age of 63.30±15.33 were male, and 80.0% were married. 50.9% of them were diagnosed with COVID-19, 56.4% perceived themselves in the risk group for COVID-19, and 30.0% stated that COVID-19 causes hopelessness in their daily life. The mean total score was 7.87±5.38 for the BHS and 5.34±2.35 for the Charlson Comorbidity Index. There was a significant positive correlation between BHS total score and age (p<0.05). The mean BHS total score of the patients who were not diagnosed with COVID-19 was significantly higher than the than those diagnosed (p<0.05).
Conclusion and Recommendations: One-third of the hemodialysis patients experienced hopelessness during the pandemic period, their hopelessness level was moderate, the level of hopelessness increased as age increased, and the hopelessness level of those who were not diagnosed with COVID-19 was higher. In this context, early diagnosis, follow-up, treatment and management of hopelessness by healthcare professionals is important in preventing irreversible errors in patients.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pandemic, COVID-19, Hemodialysis, Hopelessness

Kaynakça

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