Investigation of The Effectiveness of Conventional Physiotherapy on Pain, Flexibility, Balance and Physical Capacity in Patients with Non-Specific Back Pain

Öz

Aim: Low back pain is one of the most common issues faced by the global he althcare system, known to affect approximately 84% of people at least once in their lifetime and potentially leading to persistent functional impairments. In this study, we aimed to examine the effect of conventional physiotherapy on pain, flexibility, balance and physical capacity in patients experiencing non-specific low back pain. Method: This study was conducted on 190 patients with non-specific low back pain who presented to the hospital for physiotherapy and rehabilitation. All parti cipants in the study underwent a conventional physiotherapy program consisting of Hotpack, TENS, and Therapeutic Ultrasound, as well as a patient specific exer cise program for three weeks. Pain intensity was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale, flexibility was evaluated with the Modified Schober test and Lateral Flexion test, static balance was measured using the One-Leg Stand Test, and functional capacity was assessed using the Timed Up and Go Test before and after physiothe rapy. All evaluations were made two times as before and after treatment. Results: Significant improvements were observed in the activity and rest pain scores assessed with the GAS, flexibility values assessed with the Modified Scho ber test and the right and left Lateral Flexion Flexibility tests, and functional ca pacity evaluated with the Timed Up and Go Test (p < 0.05) in participants who underwent the conventional physiotherapy program. However, no significant im provement was observed in the balance scores evaluated with the One-Leg Stand Test, both with eyes open and eyes closed (p > 0.05). Conclusions and Suggestions: The results of the study demonstrated that the conventional physiotherapy and spinal stabilization exercise program provided significant improvements in pain, flexibility, and functional capacity. The long term effects of conventional physiotherapy and patient specific exercise should be investigated in future studies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Low back pain
• Conventional physiotherapy
• Exercise
• Flexibility
• Balance

Non-Spesifik Bel Ağrılı Hastalarda Konvansiyonel Fizyoterapinin Ağrı, Esneklik, Denge ve Fiziksel Kapasite Üzerine Etkinliğinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Amaç: Bel ağrısı kalıcı fonksiyonel kayıplara neden olabilen ve insanların yak laşık %84'ünü hayatında en az bir kez etkilediği bilinen küresel sağlık sisteminin en sık karşılaştığı problemlerden biridir. Bu çalışmada, non-spesifik bel ağrısı yaşayan hastalarda konvansiyonel fizyoterapinin ağrı, esneklik, denge ve fiziksel kapasite üzerine etkisini incelemeyi amaçladık. Yöntem: Bu çalışma, hastaneye fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon için başvuran non-spesifik bel ağrılı 190 hasta üzerinde gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmaya dahil edilen tüm hastalara Hotpack, TENS, Terapötik Ultrasondan oluşan konvansiyonel fizyo terapi ve hastaya özel egzersiz programı üç hafta boyunca uygulandı. Fizyoterapi öncesi ve sonrasında kişilerin ağrı şiddeti Görsel Analog Skala, esneklikleri Modi fiye Schober testi ve Lateral Fleksiyon testi, statik dengeleri Tek Ayak Üstünde Dur ma testi, fonksiyonel kapasiteleri ise Zamanlı Kalk Yürü testi ile değerlendirildi. Değerlendirmeler tedavi öncesi ve sonrası olarak iki defa gerçekleştirildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan kişilerin konvansiyonel fizyoterapi programı so nucunda GAS ile değerlendirilen aktivite ve istirahat ağrı değerlerinde, Modifiye Schober ve sağ ve sol taraf için Lateral Fleksiyon Esneklik testi ile değerlendirilen esneklik değerlerinde ve Zamanlı Kalk Yürü Testi ile değerlendirilen fonksiyonel kapasitelerinde anlamlı iyileşme görüldü (p < 0.05). Tek Ayak Üzerinde Durma Testi ile değerlendirilen göz açık ve göz kapalı denge skorlarında ise belirgin bir iyileşme sağlanmadı (p > 0.05). Sonuçlar ve Öneriler: Çalışmanın sonuçları konvansiyonel fizyoterapi ve spi nal stabilizasyon egzersiz programının ağrı, esneklik ve fonksiyonel kapasitede anlamlı iyileşmeler sağladığını göstermiştir. Konvansiyonel fizyoterapi ve hastaya özel egzersizlerin uzun dönem etkileri ilerleyen çalışmalarda incelenmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bel ağrısı
• Konvansiyonel fizyoterapi
• Egzersiz
• Esneklik
• Denge

Kaynakça

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