Evaluation of The Relationship Between Sustainable Nutritional Behaviors and Adapting to the Mediterranean Diet in University Students
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3, 419 - 433, 25.12.2025
Canan Asal Ulus
,
Merve Samancı
,
Pınar Sökülmez Kaya
,
Tuğçe Erçuval
Öz
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and sustainable healthy eating behaviors among university students.
Method: A total of 163 students aged 19–24 years from a university in Turkey participated. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS), and the Sustainable and Healthy Eating Behaviors scale. Study data were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods.
Results: More than half of the participants (55.8%) reported having no knowledge about sustainable nutrition. Female students had significantly higher Sustainable and Healthy Nutritional Behaviors total scores compared to males (p<0,05). Students from the Faculty of Health Sciences scored higher on both MEDAS and Sustainable and Healthy Nutritional Behaviors compared to other faculties (p<0,05). No significant correlation was found between MEDAS and Sustainable and Healthy Nutritional Behaviors total scores; however, a weak but significant positive correlation was observed between MEDAS and the “seasonal eating” subdimension (r=0.177; p=0.024).
Conclusions and Suggestions: Awareness of sustainable nutrition among university students is low. Sustainable nutritional behaviors and compliance with the Mediterranean diet are higher among students of the Faculty of Women and Health Sciences. Integrating sustainability-focused nutrition education into university curricula and implementing awareness programs for young adults are recommended
Etik Beyan
This study is a research article, and the necessary ethical approval was obtained from the Ondokuz Mayıs University Clinical Research Ethics Committee (approval date: January 12, 2022; decision number: 2021/641).
The study has not been previously published in any journal or elsewhere and has not been submitted to any other journal for publication.
There is no conflict of interest among the authors, and the study was not funded by any institution.
Written informed consent was obtained from all participants, and the data were anonymized to ensure confidentiality.
Destekleyen Kurum
The study was not supported by any institution.
Teşekkür
We would like to thank the volunteers who participated in the study
Kaynakça
-
Aksoy Canyolu, B., Martini, D., & Sen, N. (2024). Validity and reliability of the Sustainable Healthy Diet (SHED) index by comparison with EAT-Lancet diet, Mediterranean diet in Turkish adults. PeerJ, 12. doi:https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.18120
-
AlAufi, N. S., Chan, Y. M., Waly, M. I., Chin, Y. S., Mohd Yusof, B. N., & Ahmad, N. (2022). Application of Mediterranean Diet in Cardiovascular Diseases and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Motivations and Challenges. Nutrients, 14(13). doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14132777
-
Aznar de la Riera, M. D. C., Ortola, R., Kales, S. N., Graciani, A., Diaz-Gutierrez, J., Banegas, J. R., . . . Sotos-Prieto, M. (2025). Health and environmental dietary impact: Planetary health diet vs. Mediterranean diet. A nationwide cohort in Spain. Sci Total Environ. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178924
-
Bach-Faig, A., Berry, E. M., Lairon, D., Reguant, J., Trichopoulou, A., Dernini, S., . . . Miranda, G. (2011). Mediterranean diet pyramid today. Science and cultural updates. Public health nutrition, 14(12A). doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980011002515
-
Barrea, L., Verde, L., Suárez, R., Frias-Toral, E., Vásquez, C. A., Colao, A., ... & Muscogiuri, G. (2024). Sex-differences in Mediterranean diet: a key piece to explain sex-related cardiovascular risk in obesity? A cross-sectional study. Journal of Translational Medicine, 22(1), 44. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-023-04814-z
-
Boujelbane, M. A., Ammar, A., Salem, A., Kerkeni, M., Trabelsi, K., Bouaziz, B., . . . Schollhorn, W. I. (2025). Gender-specific insights into adherence to Mediterranean diet and lifestyle: analysis of 4,000 responses from the MEDIET4ALL project. Front Nutr, 12. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1570904
-
Chard, E., Bergstad, C. J., Steentjes, K., Poortinga, W., & Demski, C. (2024). Gender and cross-country differences in the determinants of sustainable diet intentions: a multigroup analysis of the UK, China, Sweden, and Brazil. Frontiers in Psychology, 15. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1355969
-
Collaborators, G. B. D. R. F., Forouzanfar, M. H., Alexander, L., Anderson, H. R., Bachman, V. F., Biryukov, S., . . . Murray, C. J. (2015). Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet, 386(10010). doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00128-2
-
Damigou, E., Georgoulis, M., Chrysohoou, C., Barkas, F., Vlachopoulou, E., Adamidis, P. S., ... & Panagiotakos, D. (2024). Mediterranean-Type Diet Adherence and Body Mass Index through 20 Years of Follow-Up: Results from the ATTICA Cohort Study (2002–2022). Nutrients, 16(8), 1128. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16081128
-
de la Torre-Moral, A., Fàbregues, S., Bach-Faig, A., Fornieles-Deu, A., Medina, F. X., Aguilar-Martínez, A., & Sánchez-Carracedo, D. (2021). Family meals, conviviality, and the Mediterranean diet among families with adolescents. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(5). doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052499
-
Dernini, S., & Berry, E. M. (2015). Mediterranean diet: from a healthy diet to a sustainable dietary pattern. Frontiers in nutrition, 2. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2015.00015
-
Dominguez, L. J., Veronese, N., Di Bella, G., Cusumano, C., Parisi, A., Tagliaferri, F., . . . Barbagallo, M. (2023). Mediterranean diet in the management and prevention of obesity. Exp Gerontol, 174. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2023.112121
-
Dorling, D. (2021). World population prospects at the UN: our numbers are not our problem? In The struggle for social sustainability (pp. 129-154): Policy Press. doi: https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447356103.003.0007
-
Ekici, E. M., Eroğlu, F. E., & Mengi Çelik, Ö. (2025). The relationship between exercise health beliefs, sustainable healthy eating behaviors, and adherence to the mediterranean diet in female university students: EM Ekİcİ et al. Discover Public Health, 22(1), 327. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-025-00727-y
-
Elmskini, F. Z., Bouh, A., Labyad, A., Elghoulam, N., Iraqi, H., Mehdad, S., . . . Boutayeb, S. (2024). Increased nutrition knowledge and adherence to the Mediterranean diet are associated with lower body mass index and better self-rated general health among university students. Human Nutrition & Metabolism, 35. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200240
-
FAO, Gıda ve Tarım Örgütü. (2025). Sürdürülebilir sağlıklı diyetler: Rehber ilkeler.
Erişim Linki: https://www.fao.org/nutrition/education/food-dietary-guidelines/sustainable-diets, Erişim Tarihi: 16.10.2025.
-
Filippin, D., Sarni, A. R., Rizzo, G., & Baroni, L. (2023). Environmental Impact of Two Plant-Based, Isocaloric and Isoproteic Diets: The Vegan Diet vs. the Mediterranean Diet. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 20(5). doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20053797
-
Franchini, C., Biasini, B., Sogari, G., Wongprawmas, R., Andreani, G., Dolgopolova, I., . . . Rosi, A. (2024). Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and its association with sustainable dietary behaviors, sociodemographic factors, and lifestyle: a cross-sectional study in US University students. Nutr J, 23(1), 56. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-024-00962-0
-
Helvacı, G., Tayhan, F., & Özbey Yücel, U. (2025). Gender and healthy eating attitude strongly predict sustainable food literacy among Turkish young adults, while Mediterranean diet adherence shows only weak correlation. Front Public Health, 13, 1606495. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1606495
Henry, R. C., Alexander, P., Rabin, S., Anthoni, P., Rounsevell, M. D., & Arneth, A. (2019). The role of global dietary transitions for safeguarding biodiversity. Global Environmental Change, 58. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.101956
-
Kalkan, I., Saleki, N., Alpat Yavas, I., Pehlivan, M., & Gunduz, N. (2025). Are Nutrition Literacy and Sustainable Dietary Habits Associated with Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes Developmental Risks? J Am Nutr Assoc, 44(4), 353-365. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2024.2435039
-
Kaner, G., Kurklu, N. S., Depboylu, G. Y., & İnsel, T. H. (2024). Knowledge and Opinions About Sustainable Nutrition and the Factors Associated With Sustainable and Healthy Eating Behaviors in Adults. Galician Medical Journal, 31(3). doi: https://doi.org/10.21802/e-GMJ2024-A20
-
Kocaadam-Bozkurt, B., & Bozkurt, O. (2023). Relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet, sustainable and healthy eating behaviors, and awareness of reducing the ecological footprint. Int J Environ Health Res, 33(4), 430-440. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09603123.2023.2172384
-
Köksal, E., Bilici, S., Citar Daziroglu, M. E., & Erdogan Govez, N. (2022). Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Sustainable and Healthy Eating Behaviors Scale. Br J Nutr, 1-20. doi:https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114522002525
-
Kowalsky, T. O., Morilla Romero de la Osa, R., & Cerrillo, I. (2022). Sustainable Diets as Tools to Harmonize the Health of Individuals, Communities and the Planet: A Systematic Review. Nutrients, 14(5). doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14050928
-
Lorca-Camara, V., Bosque-Prous, M., Bes-Rastrollo, M., O'Callaghan-Gordo, C., & Bach-Faig, A. (2024). Environmental and health sustainability of the Mediterranean diet: a systematic review. Advances in Nutrition, 15(12). doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100322
-
Martinez-Gonzalez, M. A., Garcia-Arellano, A., Toledo, E., Salas-Salvado, J., Buil-Cosiales, P., Corella, D., . . . Investigators, P. S. (2012). A 14-item Mediterranean diet assessment tool and obesity indexes among high-risk subjects: the PREDIMED trial. PLoS One, 7(8), e43134. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0043134
-
Mattas, K., Raptou, E., Alayidi, A., Yener, G., & Baourakis, G. (2023). Assessing the interlinkage between biodiversity and diet through the Mediterranean diet case. Advances in Nutrition, 14(3), 570-582. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advnut.2023.03.011
-
Metin, Z. E., Çelik, Ö. M., & Koç, N. (2024). Relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet, sustainable and healthy eating behaviors, and climate change awareness: A cross-sectional study from Turkey. Nutrition, 118. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2023.112266
-
Pehlivanoğlu, E. F. Ö., Balcıoğlu, H., & Ünlüoğlu, İ. (2020). Akdeniz diyeti bağlılık ölçeği’nin türkçe’ye uyarlanması geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi, 42(2), 160-164. doi:https://doi.org/10.20515/otd. 504188
-
Pinarli Falakacilar, C., & Yucecan, S. (2024). The Impact of Sustainability Courses: Are They Effective in Improving Diet Quality and Anthropometric Indices? Nutrients, 16(11). doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111700
-
Rose, L., Wood, A., & Gill, T. (2024). Gender differences in adherence and retention in Mediterranean diet interventions with a weight-loss outcome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev, 25(12), e13824. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13824
-
Saez-Almendros, S., Obrador, B., Bach-Faig, A., & Serra-Majem, L. (2013). Environmental footprints of Mediterranean versus Western dietary patterns: beyond the health benefits of the Mediterranean diet. Environ Health, 12, 118. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-069X-12-118
-
Serra-Majem, L., Tomaino, L., Dernini, S., Berry, E. M., Lairon, D., Ngo de la Cruz, J., . . . Trichopoulou, A. (2020). Updating the Mediterranean Diet Pyramid towards Sustainability: Focus on Environmental Concerns. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 17(23). doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238758
-
Shukla, P. R., Skeg, J., Buendia, E. C., Masson-Delmotte, V., Pörtner, H.-O., Roberts, D., . . . Van Diemen, S. (2019). Climate Change and Land: an IPCC special report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems. Retrieved from https://philpapers.org/rec/SHUCCA-2
-
Trajkovska Petkoska, A., Ognenoska, V., & Trajkovska-Broach, A. (2025). Mediterranean Diet: From Ancient Traditions to Modern Science—A Sustainable Way Towards Better Health, Wellness, Longevity, and Personalized Nutrition. Sustainability, 17(9), 4187. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094187
-
Trelohan, M. (2022). Do women engage in pro-environmental behaviours in the public sphere due to social expectations? The effects of social norm-based persuasive messages. VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 33(1), 134-148. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-020-00303-9
-
Yardimci, H., & Demirer, B. (2022). Is high adaptation to the Mediterranean diet effective in increasing ecological footprint awareness? A cross‐sectional study from Turkey. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 102(9), 3724-3729. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.11720
-
Yassıbaş, E., & Bölükbaşı, H. (2023). Evaluation of adherence to the Mediterranean diet with sustainable nutrition knowledge and environmentally responsible food choices. Frontiers in nutrition, 10. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1158155
-
Yıldırım, H., & Kaya Çebioğlu, İ. (2021). The relationship between Mediterranean diet adherence and mindful eating among individuals with high education level. Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. doi: https://doi.org/10.31067/acusaglik.925761
-
Yousefirad, N., Sezer, F. E., Pehlivan, M., Özyürek, F., Bakırhan, H., Özkaya, V., ... & Ersoy, G. (2022). Lifestyle behaviour changes and adherence to the mediterranean diet during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A cross-sectional study from Turkey. Fenerbahçe University Journal of Health Sciences, 2(3), 624-638. doi: https://doi.org/10.56061/fbujohs.1146324
-
Zakowska-Biemans, S., Pieniak, Z., Kostyra, E., & Gutkowska, K. (2019). Searching for a Measure Integrating Sustainable and Healthy Eating Behaviors. Nutrients, 11(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11010095
Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Sürdürülebilir Beslenme Davranışları ve Akdeniz Diyetine Uyum Arasındaki İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3, 419 - 433, 25.12.2025
Canan Asal Ulus
,
Merve Samancı
,
Pınar Sökülmez Kaya
,
Tuğçe Erçuval
Öz
Amaç: Bu araştırma, üniversite öğrencilerinde Akdeniz diyetine uyum ile sürdürülebilir ve sağlıklı beslenme davranışları arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Yöntem: Çalışma Türkiye’de bir üniversitede 19–24 yaş aralığında 163 öğrenci ile yürütülmüştür. Katılımcılara demografik bilgiler, Akdeniz Diyeti Uyum Ölçeği (MEDAS) ve Sürdürülebilir ve Sağlıklı Beslenme Davranışları ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Çalışma verileri uygun istatistiksel yöntemler kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların %55,8’inin sürdürülebilir beslenme hakkında bilgisinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Kadın öğrencilerin Sürdürülebilir ve Sağlıklı Beslenme Davranışları toplam puanları erkeklere kıyasla daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p < 0,05). Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi öğrencilerinin hem MEDAS hem de Sürdürülebilir ve Sağlıklı Beslenme Davranışları puanları diğer fakülte öğrencilerinden anlamlı derecede yüksektir (p < 0,05). MEDAS ile Sürdürülebilir ve Sağlıklı Beslenme Davranışları toplam puanı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmamış; ancak “mevsime özgü beslenme” alt boyutu ile MEDAS skoru arasında zayıf fakat anlamlı bir pozitif ilişki bulunmuştur (r = 0,177; p = 0,024).
Sonuçlar ve Öneriler: Üniversite öğrencilerinde sürdürülebilir beslenme farkındalığı düşük düzeydedir. Kadınlar ve Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi öğrencilerinde sürdürülebilir beslenme davranışları ve Akdeniz diyetine uyum daha yüksektir. Sürdürülebilir beslenme bilincinin artırılması için üniversite müfredatlarına eğitim programları eklenmesi ve genç yetişkinlere yönelik farkındalık çalışmalarının yaygınlaştırılması önerilmektedir.
Etik Beyan
Bu araştırma, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesinde eğitim gören öğrenciler ile yürütülmüş olup etik izin Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Klinik Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu’ndan alınmıştır (onay tarihi: 12 Ocak 2022; karar numarası: 2021/641). Veriler Şubat-Haziran 2022 tarihleri arasında toplanmış olup katılımcılardan anketimize katılmaya gönüllü olduğunu bildiren onay izni alınmıştır.
Destekleyen Kurum
Çalışma herhangi bir kurumdan destek almamıştır
Teşekkür
Çalışmaya gönüllü olan katılımcılara teşekkür ederiz
Kaynakça
-
Aksoy Canyolu, B., Martini, D., & Sen, N. (2024). Validity and reliability of the Sustainable Healthy Diet (SHED) index by comparison with EAT-Lancet diet, Mediterranean diet in Turkish adults. PeerJ, 12. doi:https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.18120
-
AlAufi, N. S., Chan, Y. M., Waly, M. I., Chin, Y. S., Mohd Yusof, B. N., & Ahmad, N. (2022). Application of Mediterranean Diet in Cardiovascular Diseases and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Motivations and Challenges. Nutrients, 14(13). doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14132777
-
Aznar de la Riera, M. D. C., Ortola, R., Kales, S. N., Graciani, A., Diaz-Gutierrez, J., Banegas, J. R., . . . Sotos-Prieto, M. (2025). Health and environmental dietary impact: Planetary health diet vs. Mediterranean diet. A nationwide cohort in Spain. Sci Total Environ. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178924
-
Bach-Faig, A., Berry, E. M., Lairon, D., Reguant, J., Trichopoulou, A., Dernini, S., . . . Miranda, G. (2011). Mediterranean diet pyramid today. Science and cultural updates. Public health nutrition, 14(12A). doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980011002515
-
Barrea, L., Verde, L., Suárez, R., Frias-Toral, E., Vásquez, C. A., Colao, A., ... & Muscogiuri, G. (2024). Sex-differences in Mediterranean diet: a key piece to explain sex-related cardiovascular risk in obesity? A cross-sectional study. Journal of Translational Medicine, 22(1), 44. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-023-04814-z
-
Boujelbane, M. A., Ammar, A., Salem, A., Kerkeni, M., Trabelsi, K., Bouaziz, B., . . . Schollhorn, W. I. (2025). Gender-specific insights into adherence to Mediterranean diet and lifestyle: analysis of 4,000 responses from the MEDIET4ALL project. Front Nutr, 12. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1570904
-
Chard, E., Bergstad, C. J., Steentjes, K., Poortinga, W., & Demski, C. (2024). Gender and cross-country differences in the determinants of sustainable diet intentions: a multigroup analysis of the UK, China, Sweden, and Brazil. Frontiers in Psychology, 15. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1355969
-
Collaborators, G. B. D. R. F., Forouzanfar, M. H., Alexander, L., Anderson, H. R., Bachman, V. F., Biryukov, S., . . . Murray, C. J. (2015). Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet, 386(10010). doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00128-2
-
Damigou, E., Georgoulis, M., Chrysohoou, C., Barkas, F., Vlachopoulou, E., Adamidis, P. S., ... & Panagiotakos, D. (2024). Mediterranean-Type Diet Adherence and Body Mass Index through 20 Years of Follow-Up: Results from the ATTICA Cohort Study (2002–2022). Nutrients, 16(8), 1128. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16081128
-
de la Torre-Moral, A., Fàbregues, S., Bach-Faig, A., Fornieles-Deu, A., Medina, F. X., Aguilar-Martínez, A., & Sánchez-Carracedo, D. (2021). Family meals, conviviality, and the Mediterranean diet among families with adolescents. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(5). doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052499
-
Dernini, S., & Berry, E. M. (2015). Mediterranean diet: from a healthy diet to a sustainable dietary pattern. Frontiers in nutrition, 2. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2015.00015
-
Dominguez, L. J., Veronese, N., Di Bella, G., Cusumano, C., Parisi, A., Tagliaferri, F., . . . Barbagallo, M. (2023). Mediterranean diet in the management and prevention of obesity. Exp Gerontol, 174. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2023.112121
-
Dorling, D. (2021). World population prospects at the UN: our numbers are not our problem? In The struggle for social sustainability (pp. 129-154): Policy Press. doi: https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447356103.003.0007
-
Ekici, E. M., Eroğlu, F. E., & Mengi Çelik, Ö. (2025). The relationship between exercise health beliefs, sustainable healthy eating behaviors, and adherence to the mediterranean diet in female university students: EM Ekİcİ et al. Discover Public Health, 22(1), 327. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-025-00727-y
-
Elmskini, F. Z., Bouh, A., Labyad, A., Elghoulam, N., Iraqi, H., Mehdad, S., . . . Boutayeb, S. (2024). Increased nutrition knowledge and adherence to the Mediterranean diet are associated with lower body mass index and better self-rated general health among university students. Human Nutrition & Metabolism, 35. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200240
-
FAO, Gıda ve Tarım Örgütü. (2025). Sürdürülebilir sağlıklı diyetler: Rehber ilkeler.
Erişim Linki: https://www.fao.org/nutrition/education/food-dietary-guidelines/sustainable-diets, Erişim Tarihi: 16.10.2025.
-
Filippin, D., Sarni, A. R., Rizzo, G., & Baroni, L. (2023). Environmental Impact of Two Plant-Based, Isocaloric and Isoproteic Diets: The Vegan Diet vs. the Mediterranean Diet. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 20(5). doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20053797
-
Franchini, C., Biasini, B., Sogari, G., Wongprawmas, R., Andreani, G., Dolgopolova, I., . . . Rosi, A. (2024). Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and its association with sustainable dietary behaviors, sociodemographic factors, and lifestyle: a cross-sectional study in US University students. Nutr J, 23(1), 56. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-024-00962-0
-
Helvacı, G., Tayhan, F., & Özbey Yücel, U. (2025). Gender and healthy eating attitude strongly predict sustainable food literacy among Turkish young adults, while Mediterranean diet adherence shows only weak correlation. Front Public Health, 13, 1606495. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1606495
Henry, R. C., Alexander, P., Rabin, S., Anthoni, P., Rounsevell, M. D., & Arneth, A. (2019). The role of global dietary transitions for safeguarding biodiversity. Global Environmental Change, 58. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.101956
-
Kalkan, I., Saleki, N., Alpat Yavas, I., Pehlivan, M., & Gunduz, N. (2025). Are Nutrition Literacy and Sustainable Dietary Habits Associated with Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes Developmental Risks? J Am Nutr Assoc, 44(4), 353-365. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/27697061.2024.2435039
-
Kaner, G., Kurklu, N. S., Depboylu, G. Y., & İnsel, T. H. (2024). Knowledge and Opinions About Sustainable Nutrition and the Factors Associated With Sustainable and Healthy Eating Behaviors in Adults. Galician Medical Journal, 31(3). doi: https://doi.org/10.21802/e-GMJ2024-A20
-
Kocaadam-Bozkurt, B., & Bozkurt, O. (2023). Relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet, sustainable and healthy eating behaviors, and awareness of reducing the ecological footprint. Int J Environ Health Res, 33(4), 430-440. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09603123.2023.2172384
-
Köksal, E., Bilici, S., Citar Daziroglu, M. E., & Erdogan Govez, N. (2022). Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Sustainable and Healthy Eating Behaviors Scale. Br J Nutr, 1-20. doi:https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114522002525
-
Kowalsky, T. O., Morilla Romero de la Osa, R., & Cerrillo, I. (2022). Sustainable Diets as Tools to Harmonize the Health of Individuals, Communities and the Planet: A Systematic Review. Nutrients, 14(5). doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14050928
-
Lorca-Camara, V., Bosque-Prous, M., Bes-Rastrollo, M., O'Callaghan-Gordo, C., & Bach-Faig, A. (2024). Environmental and health sustainability of the Mediterranean diet: a systematic review. Advances in Nutrition, 15(12). doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100322
-
Martinez-Gonzalez, M. A., Garcia-Arellano, A., Toledo, E., Salas-Salvado, J., Buil-Cosiales, P., Corella, D., . . . Investigators, P. S. (2012). A 14-item Mediterranean diet assessment tool and obesity indexes among high-risk subjects: the PREDIMED trial. PLoS One, 7(8), e43134. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0043134
-
Mattas, K., Raptou, E., Alayidi, A., Yener, G., & Baourakis, G. (2023). Assessing the interlinkage between biodiversity and diet through the Mediterranean diet case. Advances in Nutrition, 14(3), 570-582. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advnut.2023.03.011
-
Metin, Z. E., Çelik, Ö. M., & Koç, N. (2024). Relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet, sustainable and healthy eating behaviors, and climate change awareness: A cross-sectional study from Turkey. Nutrition, 118. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2023.112266
-
Pehlivanoğlu, E. F. Ö., Balcıoğlu, H., & Ünlüoğlu, İ. (2020). Akdeniz diyeti bağlılık ölçeği’nin türkçe’ye uyarlanması geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi, 42(2), 160-164. doi:https://doi.org/10.20515/otd. 504188
-
Pinarli Falakacilar, C., & Yucecan, S. (2024). The Impact of Sustainability Courses: Are They Effective in Improving Diet Quality and Anthropometric Indices? Nutrients, 16(11). doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16111700
-
Rose, L., Wood, A., & Gill, T. (2024). Gender differences in adherence and retention in Mediterranean diet interventions with a weight-loss outcome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev, 25(12), e13824. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13824
-
Saez-Almendros, S., Obrador, B., Bach-Faig, A., & Serra-Majem, L. (2013). Environmental footprints of Mediterranean versus Western dietary patterns: beyond the health benefits of the Mediterranean diet. Environ Health, 12, 118. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-069X-12-118
-
Serra-Majem, L., Tomaino, L., Dernini, S., Berry, E. M., Lairon, D., Ngo de la Cruz, J., . . . Trichopoulou, A. (2020). Updating the Mediterranean Diet Pyramid towards Sustainability: Focus on Environmental Concerns. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 17(23). doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238758
-
Shukla, P. R., Skeg, J., Buendia, E. C., Masson-Delmotte, V., Pörtner, H.-O., Roberts, D., . . . Van Diemen, S. (2019). Climate Change and Land: an IPCC special report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems. Retrieved from https://philpapers.org/rec/SHUCCA-2
-
Trajkovska Petkoska, A., Ognenoska, V., & Trajkovska-Broach, A. (2025). Mediterranean Diet: From Ancient Traditions to Modern Science—A Sustainable Way Towards Better Health, Wellness, Longevity, and Personalized Nutrition. Sustainability, 17(9), 4187. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su17094187
-
Trelohan, M. (2022). Do women engage in pro-environmental behaviours in the public sphere due to social expectations? The effects of social norm-based persuasive messages. VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 33(1), 134-148. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-020-00303-9
-
Yardimci, H., & Demirer, B. (2022). Is high adaptation to the Mediterranean diet effective in increasing ecological footprint awareness? A cross‐sectional study from Turkey. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 102(9), 3724-3729. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.11720
-
Yassıbaş, E., & Bölükbaşı, H. (2023). Evaluation of adherence to the Mediterranean diet with sustainable nutrition knowledge and environmentally responsible food choices. Frontiers in nutrition, 10. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1158155
-
Yıldırım, H., & Kaya Çebioğlu, İ. (2021). The relationship between Mediterranean diet adherence and mindful eating among individuals with high education level. Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. doi: https://doi.org/10.31067/acusaglik.925761
-
Yousefirad, N., Sezer, F. E., Pehlivan, M., Özyürek, F., Bakırhan, H., Özkaya, V., ... & Ersoy, G. (2022). Lifestyle behaviour changes and adherence to the mediterranean diet during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A cross-sectional study from Turkey. Fenerbahçe University Journal of Health Sciences, 2(3), 624-638. doi: https://doi.org/10.56061/fbujohs.1146324
-
Zakowska-Biemans, S., Pieniak, Z., Kostyra, E., & Gutkowska, K. (2019). Searching for a Measure Integrating Sustainable and Healthy Eating Behaviors. Nutrients, 11(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11010095