Yıl 2019,
Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 38 - 43, 25.12.2019
Murat Alan
,
Muhammet Ali Oruç
Öz
Özet:
Epilepsi yaygın görülen nörolojik hastalıklardan biridir.
Epilepsi hastaları, gebe kalması durumunda anne ve bebek sağlığı açısından
yakın takip edilmelidir. Aile hekimi, nöroloji uzmanı ve jinekolog arasında iş
birliği yapılmalıdır. Tanı, tedavi ve takip aşamalarında hastalığın iyi
yönetilmesi toplum sağlığı açısından önemlidir. Birinci basamak sağlık
kuruluşlarında bu hastalar dikkatle ele alınmalı, gerekli durumlarda ilgili
branş uzmanına yönlendirilmelidir.
Kaynakça
- REFERENCES:1. Harden C, Meador K, Pennell P, et al. Practice parameter update: management issues for women with epilepsy—focus on pregnancy (an evidence-based review): teratogenesis and perinatal outcomes: report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee and Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and American Epilepsy Society. Neurology 2009;73(2):133–41.2. Edey S, Moran N, Nashef L. SUDEP and epilepsy-related mortality in pregnancy. Epilepsia 2014;55(7):e72–4. 3. Zack M, Kobau R. National and state estimates of the numbers of adults and children with active epilepsy United States, 2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2017; 66: 821–5. 4. Current ‘Diagnosis and Treatment’ serisi. Second Edition. Gürses C. 2016: S47-62. 5. Fisher RS, Cross JH, D'Souza C, French JA, Haut SR, Higurashi N, Hirsch E, Jansen FE, Lagae L, Moshé SL, Peltola J, Roulet Perez E, Scheffer IE, Schulze-Bonhage A, Somerville E, Sperling M, Yacubian EM, Zuberi SM. Instruction manual for the ILAE 2017 operational classification of seizure types. Epilepsia. 2017 Apr; 58(4): 531-542.6. Epilepsi. Bora İ. 2008: S: 369-383.7. Herzog AG, Klein P, Ransil BJ. Three patterns of catamenial epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1997 Oct; 38(10): 1082-8.8. Lim LL, Foldvary N, Mascha E, Lee J. Acetazolamide in women with catamenial epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2001 Jun;42(6):746-9.9. Tettenborn B, Genton P, Polson D. Epilepsy and women's issues: an update. Epileptic Disord. 2002 Oct;4 Suppl 2:S23-31.10. Reimers A, Brodtkorb E, Sabers A. Interactions between hormonal contraception and antiepileptic drugs: Clinical and mechanistic considerations. Seizure. 2015 May;28:66-70.11. Shannon GD, Alberg C, Nacul L, Pashayan N. Preconceptiion healthcare and congenital disorders: systematic review of the effectiveness of preconception care programs in the prevention of congenital disorders. Matern Child Health J. 2014 Aug;18(6):1354-79.12. Winterbottom, J., Smyth, R., Jacoby, S., & Baker, G. (2009). The effectiveness of preconception counseling to reduce adverse pregnancy outcome in women with epilepsy: What’s the evidence? Epilepsy & Behavior, 14, 273–279.13. Gjerde IO, Strandjord RE, Ulstein M. The course of epilepsy during preg¬nancy: a study of 78 cases. Acta Neurol Scand. 1988;78(3):198–205.14. Tomson T, Lindbom U, Ekqvist B, Sundqvist A. Epilepsy and preg¬nancy: a prospective study of seizure control in relation to free and total plasma concentrations of carbamazepine and phenytoin. Epilepsia. 1994;35(1):122–130.15. Vajda FJ, Hitchcock A, Graham J, O’Brien T, Lander C, Eadie M. Seizure control in antiepileptic drug-treated pregnancy. Epilepsia. 2008;49(1):172–176.16. Morrell MJ. Guidelines for the care of women with epilepsy. Neurology. 1998 Nov;51(5 Suppl 4):S21-7.17. Morrell MJ, Montouris GD. Reproductive disturbances in patients with epilepsy. Cleve Clin J Med. 2004 Feb;71 Suppl 2:S19-24.18. Crawford P. CPD-Education and self-assessment: Epilepsy and pregnancy. Seizure. 2001 Apr;10(3):212-9.19. Crawford P. Epilepsy and pregnancy:goog manegement reduces the risk. Professional care of mather and child. 1997; vol 7 no 1.20. Kaneko S. Epilepsy, pregnancy, and the child. Epilepsia. 2000;41 Suppl 9:8-13.21. Reisinger TL, Newman M, Loring DW, Pennell PB, Meador KJ. Antiepileptic drug clearance and seizure frequency during pregnancy in women with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2013;29(1):13–18.22. Borgelt LM, Hart FM, Bainbridge JL. Epilepsy during pregnancy: focus on management strategies. Int J Womens Health. 2016 Sep 19;8:505-517.23. Crawford P, Appleton R, Betts T, Duncan J, Guthrie E, Morrow J. Best practice guidelines for the management of women with epilepsy. The Women with Epilepsy Guidelines Development Group. Seizure. 1999 Jun;8(4):201-17.24. MacDonald S, Bateman B, McElrath T, et al. Mortality and morbidity during delivery hospitalization among pregnant women with epilepsy in the United States. JAMA Neurol 2015;72:981–8.25. Meador K, Pennell P, Harden C, et al. Pregnancy registries in epilepsy: a consensus statement on health outcomes. Neurology 2008;71(14):1109.26. Tomson T, Battino D, Bonizzoni E, et al. Dose-dependent risk of malformations with antiepileptic drugs: an analysis of data from the EURAP epilepsy and pregnancy registry. Lancet Neurol 2011;10(7):609.27. Viale L, Allotey J, Cheong-See F, et al. Epilepsy in pregnancy and reproductive outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2015;386(10006):1845.28. Bromley R, Weston J, Adab N, et al. Treatment for epilepsy in pregnancy: neurodevelopmental outcomes in the child. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014;(10):CD010236.29. Munshi A, Munshi S. Neurological diseases. In: Malhotra N, Puri R, Malhotra J, editors. Donald school manual of practical problems in obstetrics. 1st edition. New Delhi (India): Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd; 2012. p. 281–3.30. Meador K. Breastfeeding and antiepileptic drugs. JAMA 2014;311(17):1797–8.31. Meador K, Baker G, Browning N, et al. Effects of breastfeeding in children of women taking antiepileptic drugs. Neurology 2010;75(22):1954–60.32. Veiby G, Engelsen B, Gilhus N. Early child development and exposure to antiepileptic drugs prenatally and through breastfeeding: a prospective cohort study on children of women with epilepsy. JAMA Neurol 2013;70(11):1367–74.33. Johannessen S, Helde G, Brodtkorb E. Levetiracetam concentrations in serum and in breast milk at birth and during lactation. Epilepsia 2005;46(5):775–7.34. Ohman I, Vitols S, Luef G, et al. Topiramate kinetics during delivery, lactation, and in the neonate: preliminary observations. Epilepsia 2002;43(10):1157–60.35. Ohman I, Vitols S, Tomson T. Pharmacokinetics of gabapentin during delivery, in the neonatal period, and lactation: does a fetal accumulation occur during pregnancy? Epilepsia 2005;46(10):1621–4.36. Tomson T. Gender aspects of pharmacokinetics of new and old AEDs: pregnancy and breast-feeding. Ther Drug Monit. 2005 Dec;27(6):718-21.37. Harden C, Hopp J, Ting T, et al. Practice parameter update: management issues for women with epilepsy–focus on pregnancy (an evidence-based review): obstetrical complications and change in seizure frequency: report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee and Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and American Epilepsy Society. Neurology 2009;73(2):126–32.38. Goodwin JF. Status epilepticus complicating pregnancy. Br Med J 1947;2:332–3.39. Kaplan PW, Norwitz ER, Ben-Menachem E. Obstetric risks for women with epilepsy during pregnancy. Epilepsy Behav 2007;11:283–91.40. Rajiv KR, Radhakrishnan A. Status epilepticus in pregnancy: Etiology, management, and clinical outcomes. Epilepsy Behav. 2017 Nov;76:114-119.41. Karnad DR, Guntupalli KK. Neurologic disorders in pregnancy. Crit Care Med. 2005;33(10):S362–71.42. Molgaard-Nielsen D.Newer-generation antiepileptic drugs and the risk of major birth defects. J Am Med Assoc. 2011;305(19): 1996–2002.43. Duley L, Henderson-Smart DJ, Chou D: Magnesium sulphate versus phenytoin for eclampsia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010(10):CD000128.44. Gerard EE, Samuels P. Neurologic disorders in pregnancy. In: Gabbe SG, editor. Obstetrics: normal and problem pregnancies. 7th edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2017. p. 1030–56.45. Buhimschi C, Weiner C. Medication in pregnancy and lactation: part 1. Teratology. Obstet Gynecol 2009;113:166.46. Cheschier N. ACOG practice bulletin. Neural tube defects. Number 44, July 2003. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2003;83(1):123–33.47. Practice Parameter. management issues for women with epilepsy. Report of the quality standards subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 1998;51(4):944.48. Bollig KJ, Jackson DL. Seizures in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2018 Jun;45(2):349-367.49. Hart L, Sibai B. Seizures in pregnancy: epilepsy, eclampsia, and stroke. Semin Perinatol 2013;37:207–24.50. Aminoff MJ, Douglas VC. Neurologic disorders. In: Creasy RK, Resnik R, Iams JD, editors. Creasy & Resnik’s maternal-fetal medicine: principles and practice. 7th edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2014. p. 1100–3.51. Vajda FJE, O'Brien TJ, Graham JE, Hitchcock AA, Lander CM, Eadie MJ. Antiepileptic drug polytherapy in pregnant women with epilepsy. Send toActa Neurol Scand. 2018 May 24. doi: 10.1111/ane.12965.52. Veroniki AA, Rios P, Cogo E, Straus SE, Finkelstein Y, Kealey R, Reynen E, Soobiah C, Thavorn K, Hutton B, Hemmelgarn BR, Yazdi F, D'Souza J, MacDonald H, Tricco AC. Comparative safety of antiepileptic drugs for neurological development in children exposed during pregnancy and breast feeding: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2017 Jul 20;7(7):e017248.
Yıl 2019,
Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 38 - 43, 25.12.2019
Murat Alan
,
Muhammet Ali Oruç
Kaynakça
- REFERENCES:1. Harden C, Meador K, Pennell P, et al. Practice parameter update: management issues for women with epilepsy—focus on pregnancy (an evidence-based review): teratogenesis and perinatal outcomes: report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee and Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and American Epilepsy Society. Neurology 2009;73(2):133–41.2. Edey S, Moran N, Nashef L. SUDEP and epilepsy-related mortality in pregnancy. Epilepsia 2014;55(7):e72–4. 3. Zack M, Kobau R. National and state estimates of the numbers of adults and children with active epilepsy United States, 2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2017; 66: 821–5. 4. Current ‘Diagnosis and Treatment’ serisi. Second Edition. Gürses C. 2016: S47-62. 5. Fisher RS, Cross JH, D'Souza C, French JA, Haut SR, Higurashi N, Hirsch E, Jansen FE, Lagae L, Moshé SL, Peltola J, Roulet Perez E, Scheffer IE, Schulze-Bonhage A, Somerville E, Sperling M, Yacubian EM, Zuberi SM. Instruction manual for the ILAE 2017 operational classification of seizure types. Epilepsia. 2017 Apr; 58(4): 531-542.6. Epilepsi. Bora İ. 2008: S: 369-383.7. Herzog AG, Klein P, Ransil BJ. Three patterns of catamenial epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1997 Oct; 38(10): 1082-8.8. Lim LL, Foldvary N, Mascha E, Lee J. Acetazolamide in women with catamenial epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2001 Jun;42(6):746-9.9. Tettenborn B, Genton P, Polson D. Epilepsy and women's issues: an update. Epileptic Disord. 2002 Oct;4 Suppl 2:S23-31.10. Reimers A, Brodtkorb E, Sabers A. Interactions between hormonal contraception and antiepileptic drugs: Clinical and mechanistic considerations. Seizure. 2015 May;28:66-70.11. Shannon GD, Alberg C, Nacul L, Pashayan N. Preconceptiion healthcare and congenital disorders: systematic review of the effectiveness of preconception care programs in the prevention of congenital disorders. Matern Child Health J. 2014 Aug;18(6):1354-79.12. Winterbottom, J., Smyth, R., Jacoby, S., & Baker, G. (2009). The effectiveness of preconception counseling to reduce adverse pregnancy outcome in women with epilepsy: What’s the evidence? Epilepsy & Behavior, 14, 273–279.13. Gjerde IO, Strandjord RE, Ulstein M. The course of epilepsy during preg¬nancy: a study of 78 cases. Acta Neurol Scand. 1988;78(3):198–205.14. Tomson T, Lindbom U, Ekqvist B, Sundqvist A. Epilepsy and preg¬nancy: a prospective study of seizure control in relation to free and total plasma concentrations of carbamazepine and phenytoin. Epilepsia. 1994;35(1):122–130.15. Vajda FJ, Hitchcock A, Graham J, O’Brien T, Lander C, Eadie M. Seizure control in antiepileptic drug-treated pregnancy. Epilepsia. 2008;49(1):172–176.16. Morrell MJ. Guidelines for the care of women with epilepsy. Neurology. 1998 Nov;51(5 Suppl 4):S21-7.17. Morrell MJ, Montouris GD. Reproductive disturbances in patients with epilepsy. Cleve Clin J Med. 2004 Feb;71 Suppl 2:S19-24.18. Crawford P. CPD-Education and self-assessment: Epilepsy and pregnancy. Seizure. 2001 Apr;10(3):212-9.19. Crawford P. Epilepsy and pregnancy:goog manegement reduces the risk. Professional care of mather and child. 1997; vol 7 no 1.20. Kaneko S. Epilepsy, pregnancy, and the child. Epilepsia. 2000;41 Suppl 9:8-13.21. Reisinger TL, Newman M, Loring DW, Pennell PB, Meador KJ. Antiepileptic drug clearance and seizure frequency during pregnancy in women with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2013;29(1):13–18.22. Borgelt LM, Hart FM, Bainbridge JL. Epilepsy during pregnancy: focus on management strategies. Int J Womens Health. 2016 Sep 19;8:505-517.23. Crawford P, Appleton R, Betts T, Duncan J, Guthrie E, Morrow J. Best practice guidelines for the management of women with epilepsy. The Women with Epilepsy Guidelines Development Group. Seizure. 1999 Jun;8(4):201-17.24. MacDonald S, Bateman B, McElrath T, et al. Mortality and morbidity during delivery hospitalization among pregnant women with epilepsy in the United States. JAMA Neurol 2015;72:981–8.25. Meador K, Pennell P, Harden C, et al. Pregnancy registries in epilepsy: a consensus statement on health outcomes. Neurology 2008;71(14):1109.26. Tomson T, Battino D, Bonizzoni E, et al. Dose-dependent risk of malformations with antiepileptic drugs: an analysis of data from the EURAP epilepsy and pregnancy registry. Lancet Neurol 2011;10(7):609.27. Viale L, Allotey J, Cheong-See F, et al. Epilepsy in pregnancy and reproductive outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2015;386(10006):1845.28. Bromley R, Weston J, Adab N, et al. Treatment for epilepsy in pregnancy: neurodevelopmental outcomes in the child. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014;(10):CD010236.29. Munshi A, Munshi S. Neurological diseases. In: Malhotra N, Puri R, Malhotra J, editors. Donald school manual of practical problems in obstetrics. 1st edition. New Delhi (India): Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd; 2012. p. 281–3.30. Meador K. Breastfeeding and antiepileptic drugs. JAMA 2014;311(17):1797–8.31. Meador K, Baker G, Browning N, et al. Effects of breastfeeding in children of women taking antiepileptic drugs. Neurology 2010;75(22):1954–60.32. Veiby G, Engelsen B, Gilhus N. Early child development and exposure to antiepileptic drugs prenatally and through breastfeeding: a prospective cohort study on children of women with epilepsy. JAMA Neurol 2013;70(11):1367–74.33. Johannessen S, Helde G, Brodtkorb E. Levetiracetam concentrations in serum and in breast milk at birth and during lactation. Epilepsia 2005;46(5):775–7.34. Ohman I, Vitols S, Luef G, et al. Topiramate kinetics during delivery, lactation, and in the neonate: preliminary observations. Epilepsia 2002;43(10):1157–60.35. Ohman I, Vitols S, Tomson T. Pharmacokinetics of gabapentin during delivery, in the neonatal period, and lactation: does a fetal accumulation occur during pregnancy? Epilepsia 2005;46(10):1621–4.36. Tomson T. Gender aspects of pharmacokinetics of new and old AEDs: pregnancy and breast-feeding. Ther Drug Monit. 2005 Dec;27(6):718-21.37. Harden C, Hopp J, Ting T, et al. Practice parameter update: management issues for women with epilepsy–focus on pregnancy (an evidence-based review): obstetrical complications and change in seizure frequency: report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee and Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and American Epilepsy Society. Neurology 2009;73(2):126–32.38. Goodwin JF. Status epilepticus complicating pregnancy. Br Med J 1947;2:332–3.39. Kaplan PW, Norwitz ER, Ben-Menachem E. Obstetric risks for women with epilepsy during pregnancy. Epilepsy Behav 2007;11:283–91.40. Rajiv KR, Radhakrishnan A. Status epilepticus in pregnancy: Etiology, management, and clinical outcomes. Epilepsy Behav. 2017 Nov;76:114-119.41. Karnad DR, Guntupalli KK. Neurologic disorders in pregnancy. Crit Care Med. 2005;33(10):S362–71.42. Molgaard-Nielsen D.Newer-generation antiepileptic drugs and the risk of major birth defects. J Am Med Assoc. 2011;305(19): 1996–2002.43. Duley L, Henderson-Smart DJ, Chou D: Magnesium sulphate versus phenytoin for eclampsia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010(10):CD000128.44. Gerard EE, Samuels P. Neurologic disorders in pregnancy. In: Gabbe SG, editor. Obstetrics: normal and problem pregnancies. 7th edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2017. p. 1030–56.45. Buhimschi C, Weiner C. Medication in pregnancy and lactation: part 1. Teratology. Obstet Gynecol 2009;113:166.46. Cheschier N. ACOG practice bulletin. Neural tube defects. Number 44, July 2003. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2003;83(1):123–33.47. Practice Parameter. management issues for women with epilepsy. Report of the quality standards subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 1998;51(4):944.48. Bollig KJ, Jackson DL. Seizures in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2018 Jun;45(2):349-367.49. Hart L, Sibai B. Seizures in pregnancy: epilepsy, eclampsia, and stroke. Semin Perinatol 2013;37:207–24.50. Aminoff MJ, Douglas VC. Neurologic disorders. In: Creasy RK, Resnik R, Iams JD, editors. Creasy & Resnik’s maternal-fetal medicine: principles and practice. 7th edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2014. p. 1100–3.51. Vajda FJE, O'Brien TJ, Graham JE, Hitchcock AA, Lander CM, Eadie MJ. Antiepileptic drug polytherapy in pregnant women with epilepsy. Send toActa Neurol Scand. 2018 May 24. doi: 10.1111/ane.12965.52. Veroniki AA, Rios P, Cogo E, Straus SE, Finkelstein Y, Kealey R, Reynen E, Soobiah C, Thavorn K, Hutton B, Hemmelgarn BR, Yazdi F, D'Souza J, MacDonald H, Tricco AC. Comparative safety of antiepileptic drugs for neurological development in children exposed during pregnancy and breast feeding: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2017 Jul 20;7(7):e017248.