Environmental and Healthy Nutrition: Sustainable Diets

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 29 - 46, 29.04.2022

Semiha Kadıoğlu , Pınar Sökülmez Kaya

https://doi.org/10.47115/jshs.948593

Öz

A part of the world is suffering from hunger, food insecurity, and another part of the world has health problems due to overnutrition. Another problem that affects the world globally is the climate crisis, which is caused by the increase of human-induced greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere. One of the most important reasons for these problems is the existence of unsustainable food systems. Food systems put pressure on the environment in terms of climate change, biodiversity, toxic effects, acidification, eutrophication, land use and water use. Existing food systems are increasingly challenged to provide safe, adequate, diversified and nutrient-rich food, due to the constraints of resource scarcity and environmental degradation, and food losses, waste and uneven distribution, as well as unsustainable patterns of production and consumption. Sustainable food systems are systems that ensure food security and nutrition for all without compromising economic, social and environmental fundamentals. With sustainable nutrition and food systems, global greenhouse gas emissions will be reduced and today's resources will be used in the most efficient way without compromising the resources of future generations. The world will move faster towards sustainability as societies prefer diets with low environmental footprint and stop wasting food. The aim of this article is to examine healthy diets across sustainability from multiple perspectives.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Climate change, Food systems, Loss of food, Food waste, Sustainable nutrition models

ÇEVRESEL VE SAĞLIKLI BESLENME: SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR DİYETLER

Öz

Dünyanın bir kısmı açlık, gıda güvencesizliği sorunu yaşarken diğer bir kısmı ise aşırı beslenmeye bağlı sağlık sorunlarıyla savaşmaktadır. Küresel olarak dünyayı etkileyen diğer bir sorun ise insan kaynaklı sera gazı emisyonlarının atmosferde artmasıyla meydana gelen iklim krizidir. Bu sorunların en önemli nedenlerinden biri sürdürülemez gıda sistemlerinin varlığıdır. Gıda sistemleri; iklim değişikliği, biyolojik çeşitlilik, toksik etki, asitleşme, ötrofikasyon, arazi kullanımı ve su kullanımı açısından çevre üzerinde bir baskı oluşturmaktadır. Mevcut gıda sistemleri, kaynak kıtlığı ve çevresel bozulmanın getirdiği kısıtlamalar ve gıda kayıpları, israf ve dengesiz dağıtım aynı zamanda sürdürülemez üretim ve tüketim kalıpları nedeniyle güvenli, yeterli, çeşitlendirilmiş ve zengin besin içeriğine sahip gıda sağlama konusunda giderek daha fazla zorlanmaktadır. Sürdürülebilir gıda sistemleri ekonomik, sosyal ve çevresel temellerden ödün vermeden herkes için gıda güvenliğini ve beslenmeyi sağlayan sistemlerdir. Sürdürülebilir beslenme ve gıda sistemleri ile küresel sera gazı emisyon miktarları azaltılacak ve gelecek nesillerin kaynaklarından ödün vermeden günümüz kaynakları en verimli şekilde değerlendirilecektir. Toplumların çeversel ayak izi düşük diyetleri tercih etmesi ve gıda israfına dur demesiyle dünya sürdürülebilirlik yolunda daha hızlı ilerleyecektir. Bu makalenin amacı sürdürülebilirlik genelinde sağlıklı beslenmeyi çok yönlü irdelemektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İklim değişikliği, Gıda sistemleri, Gıda kaybı, Gıda israfı, Sürdürülebilir diyet modelleri

Kaynakça

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