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HEMŞİRELİK FELSEFESİNDE PARADİGMA DEĞİŞİMİ: POSTMODERNİZM

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 295 - 306, 29.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.47115/jshs.1134443

Öz

Hemşirelik, bilim ve sanata dayalı ve oldukça zengin geçmişi olan bir meslektir. Geçmişten günümüze hemşireler sevgi ve şefkatle hasta bakımı vermiş ve çeşitli bakış açıları ve dönemlerden etkilenmiştir. Hemşirelik paradigması kuruluş paradigmasından uzaklaşarak bir meslek olmanın önündeki en önemli engel yaratan durum hemşireliğin hekimin yardımcısı olarak görülmesidir. Sonrasında meydana gelen bir paradigma değişikliği ile “bakım” ve “eşitlik” kavramları öne çıkmaya başlamıştır. Postmodernizm dönemi de hemşireliği etkileyen bir dönem olmuştur. Bu dönemde feminizm, yorumsama ve fenomonoloji gibi yeni kavramlar ortaya çıkmış ve hemşirelik epistemoloji ve ontolojisini de etkilemiştir. Postmodernizimle birlikte hemşireler; pozitivist paradigmayı reddetmiş, bireyler için bütüncül bakım ve bireysel güçlendirmeye odaklanmıştır. Postmodernizmin hemşirelik üzerinde olumlu ve olumsuz çeşitli yansımaları bulunmaktadır. Hemşirelerin uygulamalarını sıradanlıktan kurtarıp daha yaratıcı ve eğlenceli hale getirmesi postmodernizmin yararlı bir yansımasıdır. Postmodern düşüncenin hemşirelikteki en önemli eksikliği ise aterkil ve kapitalist sistemin hemşireler üzerindeki baskıcı etkisine duyarsız kalması ve bu konuda herhangi bir şey yapmamasıdır.

Kaynakça

  • Akça, G. (2005). Modernden postmoderne kültür ve kimlik. Muğla Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (15), 1-24.
  • Alligood, M.R. (2014). Nursing Theorists and Their Work, 8th Edition, Elsevier, 378-392.
  • Aslan, S., Yılmaz, A. (2001). Modernizme bir başkaldırı projesi olarak postmodernizm. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 2(2), 93-108.
  • Bayram, Y. (2007). Postmodernizm üzerine. Baykara, C, 5, s.37-39.
  • Bıçakcı, U. Paradigma ve yaşam kalitesi. İstanbul: Sistem Yayıncılık; 2006; 1-2.
  • Birkök, M.C. (2006). From modernism to post-modernism: New problems. Journal of Human Sciences, 1(1).
  • Burnard, P. (1999). Carl Rogers and postmodernism: Challenges in nursing and health sciences. Nursing & Health Sciences, 1(4), 241-247.
  • Corry, M., Porter, S., McKenna, H. (2019). The redundancy of positivism as a paradigm for nursing research. Nursing Philosophy, 20(1), e12230.
  • Denzin, N.K. (2010). Moments, mixed methods, and paradigm dialogs. Qualitative Inquiry, 16(6), 419–427. https://doi. org/10.1177/1077800410364608.
  • Duff, E. (2011). Relating the nursing paradigm topractice: a teaching strategy. IJNES, 8(1). doi:10.2202/1548-923X.2076.
  • Fawcett, J. (2006). Contemporary nursing knowledge: Analysis and evaluation of nursing models and theories. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis.
  • Fox, N.J. (2014). Poststructuralism and postmodernism. The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Health, Illness, Behavior, and Society, 1855-1860.
  • Garrett, B.M. (2016). New sophistry: Self‐deception in the nursing academy. Nursing Philosophy, 17(3), 182-193.
  • Glazer, S. (2001). Therapeutic touch and postmodernism in nursing. Nursing Philosophy, 2(3), 196-212.
  • Gortner, S. (1993). Nursing’s syntax revisited: a critique of philosophies said to influence nursing theories. Znt. J. Nurs. Stud. 30(6), 477488.
  • Griffin, A. (1993). Holism in nursing: its meaning and value. British Journal of Nursing, 2(6), 310-312.
  • Holmes, C.A, Warelow, P.J. (2000). Some implications of postmodernism for nursing theory, research, and practice. Canadian Journal of Nursing Research Archive, 32(2), s.89-101.
  • Kermode, S., Brown, C. (1996). The postmodernist hoax and its effects on nursing. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 33(4), 375-384.
  • Kuhn, T. (2019). The structure of scientific revolutions. (Çev. Kayaş, N). 10. Baskı, Kırmızı Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Lister, P. (1991) Approaching models of nursing from a postmodern perspective. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 16, 206– 212.
  • O’halloran, P., Porter, S., Blackwood, B. (2010). Evidence based practice and its critics: what is a nurse manager to do?. Journal of Nursing Management, 18(1), 90-95.
  • O'mathúna, D.P. (2004). Postmodernism & Nursing: After the Honeymoon. Journal of Christian Nursing, 21(3), 4-11.
  • Ozkan, H.A., Akduran, F. (2014). Importance of paradigms in nursing/Hemsirelikte paradigmalarin onemi. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing, 11(2), 3-6.
  • Özsoy, S. (2018). Popper ve Kuhn Arasında: Imre Lakatos ve bilimsel metodoloji için yeni bir öneri. Kaygı. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi, (30), 209-223.
  • Parker, E.M., Smith, M.C. (2010). Nursing Theories Nursing Practice. Philedelphia, F.A.David Company, Third Edition.
  • Parsons, C. (1994). The impact of postmodernism on research methodology. Nurs. Inquiry, 2,22-28.
  • Polit, D.F., Beck, C.T. (2010). Nursing Research&Principles of Methods. 7th Edition, Philedelphia, Wolters Kluver- Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  • Popper Karl, R., (2012). Bilimsel Araştırmanın Mantığı, (çev.: İlknur Aka – İbrahim Turan), Yapı Kredi Yayınları, İstanbul, s.55.
  • Reed, P. (1995). A treatise on nursing knowledge development for the 21st century: beyond postmodernism. Adv. Nurs. Sci. 17(3), 70-80.
  • Rolfe, G. (2006). Judgements without rules: Towards a postmodern ironist concept of research validity. Nursing Inquiry, 13(1), 7-15.
  • Sakamoto, M.L. (2018). Nursing knowledge: A middle ground exploration. Nursing Philosophy, 19(3), e12209.
  • Silverman, H.J. (2018). Postmodernism: Philosophy and the arts. Taylor & Francis Group. New York.
  • Sönmez, V. (2013). Bilim Felsefesi. 3. Baskı, Ankara, Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Stevenson, R. (1996). A Postmodern Reader ed. by Joseph Natoli and Linda Hutcheon. ESC: English Studies in Canada, 22(1), 119-122.
  • Watson, J. (1995). Postmodernism and knowledge development in nursing. Nursing Science Quarterly, 8(2), 60-64.
  • Zardosht, R. (2020). Nursing Care and Postmodernism. Future of Medical Education Journal, 10(2).

A Paradigma Change In Nursing Philosophy: Postmodernism

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 295 - 306, 29.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.47115/jshs.1134443

Öz

Nursing is a profession based on science and art and has a rich history. From past to present, nurses have given patient care with love and compassion and have been influenced by various perspectives and periods. The most important obstacle to being a profession by moving away from the establishment paradigm of the nursing paradigm is that nursing is seen as the assistant of the physician. With a paradigm change that took place afterwards, the concepts of "care" and "equality" began to come to the fore. The period of postmodernism has also been a period that affected nursing. In this period, new concepts such as feminism, hermeneutics and phenomenology emerged and affected nursing epistemology and ontology. Nurses with postmodernism; It rejected the positivist paradigm and focused on holistic care and individual empowerment for individuals. Postmodernism has various positive and negative reflections on nursing. It is a useful reflection of postmodernism that nurses save their practices from mediocrity and make them more creative and entertaining. The most important shortcoming of postmodern thought in nursing is that it is insensitive to the oppressive effect of the patriarchal and capitalist system on nurses and does not do anything about it.

Kaynakça

  • Akça, G. (2005). Modernden postmoderne kültür ve kimlik. Muğla Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (15), 1-24.
  • Alligood, M.R. (2014). Nursing Theorists and Their Work, 8th Edition, Elsevier, 378-392.
  • Aslan, S., Yılmaz, A. (2001). Modernizme bir başkaldırı projesi olarak postmodernizm. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 2(2), 93-108.
  • Bayram, Y. (2007). Postmodernizm üzerine. Baykara, C, 5, s.37-39.
  • Bıçakcı, U. Paradigma ve yaşam kalitesi. İstanbul: Sistem Yayıncılık; 2006; 1-2.
  • Birkök, M.C. (2006). From modernism to post-modernism: New problems. Journal of Human Sciences, 1(1).
  • Burnard, P. (1999). Carl Rogers and postmodernism: Challenges in nursing and health sciences. Nursing & Health Sciences, 1(4), 241-247.
  • Corry, M., Porter, S., McKenna, H. (2019). The redundancy of positivism as a paradigm for nursing research. Nursing Philosophy, 20(1), e12230.
  • Denzin, N.K. (2010). Moments, mixed methods, and paradigm dialogs. Qualitative Inquiry, 16(6), 419–427. https://doi. org/10.1177/1077800410364608.
  • Duff, E. (2011). Relating the nursing paradigm topractice: a teaching strategy. IJNES, 8(1). doi:10.2202/1548-923X.2076.
  • Fawcett, J. (2006). Contemporary nursing knowledge: Analysis and evaluation of nursing models and theories. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis.
  • Fox, N.J. (2014). Poststructuralism and postmodernism. The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Health, Illness, Behavior, and Society, 1855-1860.
  • Garrett, B.M. (2016). New sophistry: Self‐deception in the nursing academy. Nursing Philosophy, 17(3), 182-193.
  • Glazer, S. (2001). Therapeutic touch and postmodernism in nursing. Nursing Philosophy, 2(3), 196-212.
  • Gortner, S. (1993). Nursing’s syntax revisited: a critique of philosophies said to influence nursing theories. Znt. J. Nurs. Stud. 30(6), 477488.
  • Griffin, A. (1993). Holism in nursing: its meaning and value. British Journal of Nursing, 2(6), 310-312.
  • Holmes, C.A, Warelow, P.J. (2000). Some implications of postmodernism for nursing theory, research, and practice. Canadian Journal of Nursing Research Archive, 32(2), s.89-101.
  • Kermode, S., Brown, C. (1996). The postmodernist hoax and its effects on nursing. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 33(4), 375-384.
  • Kuhn, T. (2019). The structure of scientific revolutions. (Çev. Kayaş, N). 10. Baskı, Kırmızı Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Lister, P. (1991) Approaching models of nursing from a postmodern perspective. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 16, 206– 212.
  • O’halloran, P., Porter, S., Blackwood, B. (2010). Evidence based practice and its critics: what is a nurse manager to do?. Journal of Nursing Management, 18(1), 90-95.
  • O'mathúna, D.P. (2004). Postmodernism & Nursing: After the Honeymoon. Journal of Christian Nursing, 21(3), 4-11.
  • Ozkan, H.A., Akduran, F. (2014). Importance of paradigms in nursing/Hemsirelikte paradigmalarin onemi. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing, 11(2), 3-6.
  • Özsoy, S. (2018). Popper ve Kuhn Arasında: Imre Lakatos ve bilimsel metodoloji için yeni bir öneri. Kaygı. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi, (30), 209-223.
  • Parker, E.M., Smith, M.C. (2010). Nursing Theories Nursing Practice. Philedelphia, F.A.David Company, Third Edition.
  • Parsons, C. (1994). The impact of postmodernism on research methodology. Nurs. Inquiry, 2,22-28.
  • Polit, D.F., Beck, C.T. (2010). Nursing Research&Principles of Methods. 7th Edition, Philedelphia, Wolters Kluver- Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  • Popper Karl, R., (2012). Bilimsel Araştırmanın Mantığı, (çev.: İlknur Aka – İbrahim Turan), Yapı Kredi Yayınları, İstanbul, s.55.
  • Reed, P. (1995). A treatise on nursing knowledge development for the 21st century: beyond postmodernism. Adv. Nurs. Sci. 17(3), 70-80.
  • Rolfe, G. (2006). Judgements without rules: Towards a postmodern ironist concept of research validity. Nursing Inquiry, 13(1), 7-15.
  • Sakamoto, M.L. (2018). Nursing knowledge: A middle ground exploration. Nursing Philosophy, 19(3), e12209.
  • Silverman, H.J. (2018). Postmodernism: Philosophy and the arts. Taylor & Francis Group. New York.
  • Sönmez, V. (2013). Bilim Felsefesi. 3. Baskı, Ankara, Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Stevenson, R. (1996). A Postmodern Reader ed. by Joseph Natoli and Linda Hutcheon. ESC: English Studies in Canada, 22(1), 119-122.
  • Watson, J. (1995). Postmodernism and knowledge development in nursing. Nursing Science Quarterly, 8(2), 60-64.
  • Zardosht, R. (2020). Nursing Care and Postmodernism. Future of Medical Education Journal, 10(2).
Toplam 36 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Hemşirelik Esasları
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Ebru Özcan 0000-0003-2075-8516

Cansu Karadeniz Benli 0000-0002-9944-2233

Seval Ağaçdiken Alkan 0000-0003-4368-0766

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 25 Ağustos 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Ağustos 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 23 Haziran 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Özcan, E., Karadeniz Benli, C., & Ağaçdiken Alkan, S. (2023). HEMŞİRELİK FELSEFESİNDE PARADİGMA DEĞİŞİMİ: POSTMODERNİZM. Samsun Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(2), 295-306. https://doi.org/10.47115/jshs.1134443
AMA Özcan E, Karadeniz Benli C, Ağaçdiken Alkan S. HEMŞİRELİK FELSEFESİNDE PARADİGMA DEĞİŞİMİ: POSTMODERNİZM. JSHS. Ağustos 2023;8(2):295-306. doi:10.47115/jshs.1134443
Chicago Özcan, Ebru, Cansu Karadeniz Benli, ve Seval Ağaçdiken Alkan. “HEMŞİRELİK FELSEFESİNDE PARADİGMA DEĞİŞİMİ: POSTMODERNİZM”. Samsun Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 8, sy. 2 (Ağustos 2023): 295-306. https://doi.org/10.47115/jshs.1134443.
EndNote Özcan E, Karadeniz Benli C, Ağaçdiken Alkan S (01 Ağustos 2023) HEMŞİRELİK FELSEFESİNDE PARADİGMA DEĞİŞİMİ: POSTMODERNİZM. Samsun Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 8 2 295–306.
IEEE E. Özcan, C. Karadeniz Benli, ve S. Ağaçdiken Alkan, “HEMŞİRELİK FELSEFESİNDE PARADİGMA DEĞİŞİMİ: POSTMODERNİZM”, JSHS, c. 8, sy. 2, ss. 295–306, 2023, doi: 10.47115/jshs.1134443.
ISNAD Özcan, Ebru vd. “HEMŞİRELİK FELSEFESİNDE PARADİGMA DEĞİŞİMİ: POSTMODERNİZM”. Samsun Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 8/2 (Ağustos 2023), 295-306. https://doi.org/10.47115/jshs.1134443.
JAMA Özcan E, Karadeniz Benli C, Ağaçdiken Alkan S. HEMŞİRELİK FELSEFESİNDE PARADİGMA DEĞİŞİMİ: POSTMODERNİZM. JSHS. 2023;8:295–306.
MLA Özcan, Ebru vd. “HEMŞİRELİK FELSEFESİNDE PARADİGMA DEĞİŞİMİ: POSTMODERNİZM”. Samsun Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 8, sy. 2, 2023, ss. 295-06, doi:10.47115/jshs.1134443.
Vancouver Özcan E, Karadeniz Benli C, Ağaçdiken Alkan S. HEMŞİRELİK FELSEFESİNDE PARADİGMA DEĞİŞİMİ: POSTMODERNİZM. JSHS. 2023;8(2):295-306.

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