Adölesanların Sağlıklı Yaşam Tarzı İnançları İle Beslenme Okuryazarlığı Arasındaki İlişki

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 209 - 223, 31.08.2025

Zeynep Özendi , Esra Tural Büyük

https://doi.org/10.47115/jshs.1505036

Öz

Amaç: Araştırma adölesanların sağlıklı yaşam tarzı inancı ile beslenme okuryazarlığı arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Araştırma tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı nitelikte olup Kasım- Aralık 2021 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemini ankete katılmayı kabul eden 14-17 yaş arası 516 adölesan oluşturmuştur. Araştırma çevrimiçi veri toplama aracı kullanarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerin toplanmasında adölesanların tanıtıcı özelliklerini kapsayan ‘Bilgi Formu’, ‘Adölesanlar İçin Sağlıklı Yaşam Tarzı İnanç Ölçeği’ ve ‘Adölesanlar Beslenme Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği’ kullanılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesi, SPSS 26 istatistik programında sayı, ortalama, yüzdelik dağılımlar, t testi ve Anova testi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan adölesanların yaş ortalaması 15,48±1,12 ‘dır. Araştırmaya katılan adölesanların %61,8’i kızlardan oluşmaktadır. Adölesanların %64.1’i yeterli ve dengeli beslenme hakkında daha önce eğitim aldıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Adölesanların Sağlıklı Yaşam Tarzı İnanç Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 60.63±12.35 ve Beslenme Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 61.61±12.47 olarak bulunmuştur. Adölesanların Sağlıklı Yaşam Tarzı İnancı Ölçeği ile Beslenme Okuryazarlığı düzeyleri arasında pozitif yönlü, çok zayıf anlamlı ilişki saptanmıştır (r=0.245; p<0.05).
Sonuçlar ve Öneriler: Araştırmaya katılan adölesanların sağlıklı yaşam tarzı inançları ve beslenme okuryazarlıklarının orta düzeyin üstünde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Hemşireler, ergenlerin büyüme ve gelişimini izlemeli ve hem sağlıklı beslenme davranışlarına hem de sağlıklı yaşam biçimlerine yönelik olumlu tutum ve davranışlar kazanmak için öğretici, davranış değiştirici eğitimler vermelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

adölesan , sağlıklı yaşam tarzı , inanç , beslenme , okuryazarlık

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ADOLESCENTS' HEALTHY LIFESTYLE BELIEFS AND NUTRITIONAL LITERACY

Öz

Aim: The research was conducted to determine the relationship between adolescents' healthy lifestyle beliefs and nutritional literacy.
Method: The descriptive and correlational research was conducted using the online questionnaire method with 516 adolescents studying at high school in different center (science high school, anatolian high school, vocational high school, imamhatip high school) in Atakum/Samsun between and Semptember 2021- Octomber 2021. Sociodemographic Characteristics Form, Nutritional Properties Form and Adolescent Nutrition Literacy Scale (ANLS) and Healthy Lifestyle Belief Scale for Adolescents ( HLBSA) were used to collect the data. Parametric Independent groups t test, ANOVA test, Pearson correlation were used for the evaluation of the data and the reliability analysis of the data in the SPSS 26 statistical program.
Results: The average age of the adolescents participating in the study is 15.48±1.12. 61.8% of the adolescents participating in the research were girls. 64.1% of the adolescents stated that they had previously received education about adequate and balanced nutrition. The total score average of the Adolescent Nutrition Literacy Scale was found to be 61.61±12.47. A statistically significant difference was found between the adolescents' family type characteristics and the Adolescent Nutrition Literacy Scale (ANLS) averages (p<0.05). The total score average of the Adolescents' Healthy Lifestyle Belief Scale was found to be 60.63±12.35. The total score average of the Adolescents' Healthy Lifestyle Belief Scale was found to be 60.63±12.35. A positive, very weakly significant relationship was found between the Adolescents' Healthy Lifestyle Belief Scale and Nutrition Literacy levels.
Conclusion and Recommendations: As a result of the research, it was determined that the healthy lifestyle beliefs and nutritional literacy of most of the adolescents participating in the study were above the medium level. Nurses should monitor the growth and development of adolescents and provide instructive, behaviour-changing trainings to gain positive attitudes and behaviours towards both healthy eating behaviours and healthy lifestyles.

Anahtar Kelimeler

adolescent , healthy lifestyle , belief , nutrition , literacy

Kaynakça

• Al Tell M, Natour N, Badrasawi M, Shawish E (2021). The relationship between nutrition literacy and nutrition information seeking attitudes and healthy eating patterns in the Palestinian Society. BMC Public Health , 23, 165. 23:165. doi:10.1186/s12889-023-15121-z
• Arıkan, A. (2020). The Effect of Health Literacy Level on Healthy Lifestyle Behaviours: A Research Among University Students (Master's Thesis). Hacettepe University, Institute of Social Sciences, Ankara.
• Ayer, Ç., & Ergin, A. (2021). Status of nutritional literacy in adolescents in the semi-rural area in Turkey and related factors. Public Health Nutrition, 24(12), 3870-3878.
• Bektas İ, Kudubeş AA, Ayar D, Bektas M. (2021). Predicting the healthy lifestyle behaviours of Turkish adolescents based on their health literacy and self-efficacy levels. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 59:e20-e25
• Bozdoğan, S. (2020). Nutrition literacy and related factors in primary and secondary education teachers in Çorum province centre, (Master's Thesis), Hitit University, Çorum
• Can T, Şahin Kaya A. (2022). Nutrition literacy in adolescence. Curr Perspect Health Sci, 3(2), 74-81.
• Carrara A, Schulz P. (2018). The role of health literacy in predicting adherence to nutritional recommendations: A systematic review. Patient Education and Counseling. 101, 16-24.
• Carroll, N., Perreault, M., Ma, D. W., & Haines, J. (2022). Assessing food and nutrition literacy in children and adolescents: a systematic review of existing tools. Public Health Nutrition, 25(4), 850-865.
• Chung L. (2017). Food literacy of adolescents as a predictor of their healthy eating and dietary quality. Journal of Child and Adolescent Behaviour, 5(3),117.
• Çiçek, E., Çetinkaya, F. (2017). Healthy lifestyle behaviours of high school students in selected district centre. Journal of Health Sciences, 26(1), 29-38.
• Çölgeçen Tutar, EF. (2020). The relationship between COVID-19 pandemic and nutrition in the light of health literacy. Turkey Health Literacy Journal, 1(2), 154-164.
• Daly, A. N., O'Sullivan, E. J., & Kearney, J. M. (2022). Considerations for health and food choice in adolescents. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 81(1), 75-86.
• Duarte, L. S., Palombo, C. N. T., Solis-Cordero, K., Kurihayashi, A. Y., Steen, M., Borges, A. L. V., & Fujimori, E. (2021). The association between body weight dissatisfaction with unhealthy eating behaviors and lack of physical activity in adolescents: a systematic review. Journal of child health care, 25(1), 44-68.
• Durak, Y., & Muslu, G. K. (2023) Investigation of the relationship between adolescents' healthy lifestyle beliefs and awareness of sustainable living. Unika Journal of Health Science, 3(3), 588-600.
• Gözüm S, Çapık C. (2014). A guide in the development of health behaviours: health belief model. Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Nursing Electronic Journal, 7(3), 230-7.
• Kalkan I. (2019). The impact of nutrition literacy on the food habits among young adults in Turkey. Nutrition Research and Practice, 13(4), 352-357.
• Kırşan, M. & Özcan, BA. (2021). The effect of health literacy and nutrition literacy on diet quality in adolescents. European Journal of Science and Technology, (27), 532-538.
• Koca, B., & Arkan, G. (2021). The relationship between adolescents’ nutrition literacy and food habits, and affecting factors. Public Health Nutrition, 24(4), 717-728.
• Kudubeş, Akadeniz A., Bektas M. (2020). Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of The Healthy Lifestyle Belief Scale for Adolescents. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 53, e57-e63
• Kudubes, Akdeniz. A., Ayar, D., Bektas, İ., Bektas, M. (2022). Predicting the effect of healthy lifestyle belief on attitude towards nutrition, exercise, physical activity, and weight-related self-efficacy in Turkish adolescents. Archives de Pédiatrie, 29(1), 44-50.
• Li, S., Zhu, Y., Zeng, M., Li, Z., Zeng, H., Shi, Z., & Zhao, Y. (2022). Association between nutrition literacy and overweight/obesity of adolescents: a cross–sectional study in Chongqing, China. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9, 893267.
• Marques, A., Loureiro, N., Avelar‐Rosa, B., Naia, A., & de Matos, M. G. (2020). Adolescents’ healthy lifestyle. Jornal de Pediatria (Versão em Português), 96(2), 217-224.
• Melnyk, BM., Kelly, S., & Tan, A. (2021). Psychometric properties of the healthy lifestyle beliefs scale for adolescents. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 35(3), 285–291.
• Ministry, T. H. (2017). Turkish eating guidline (TÜBER). Health Ministry Editions, Ankara, 20, 2015
• Muslu M, Gökçay FG. (2019). Risk factors causing obesity in technology-addicted children. Gümüşhane University Journal of Health Sciences, 8(2), 72 – 79.
• Naveed, S., Lakka, T., & Haapala, E. A. (2020). An overview on the associations between health behaviors and brain health in children and adolescents with special reference to diet quality. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(3), 953.
• Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development [OECD] (2020). Obesity Update 2020. https://www.oecd.org/els/healthsystems/ObesityUpdate-2020.pdf
• Özendi Z, Tural Büyük E (2022). Determination of healthy lifestyle beliefs of adolescents in the Covid- 19 period. Samsun Journal of Health Sciences, 7(3): 701-712.
• Partıda S, Marshall A, Henry R, Townsend J, Toy A. (2018). Attitudes towards nutrition and dietary habits and effectiveness of nutrition education in active adolescents in a private school setting: a pilot study. Nutrients, 10(9),1260. doi: 10.3390/nu10091260
• Taleb, S., & Itani, L. (2021). Nutrition literacy among adolescents and its association with eating habits and BMI in Tripoli, Lebanon. Diseases, 9(2), 25.
• Tural Büyük, E., Duman, G. (2014). Evaluation of eating attitudes and behaviours of high school students studying in different schools The Journal of Pediatric Research: 1(4), 212-7.
• Türkmen, SA., Kalkan, İ., Filiz, E. (2017). Adaptation of the adolescent nutrition literacy scale into Turkish: validity and reliability study. International Journal of Refereed Nutrition Research, 10, 1-16.
• Uncu B, Doğan, E., Duman, R. (2023). Common health risks and problems in adolescence. Sakarya University Holistic Health Journal, 6(2), 338-352.
• Wickham, S. R., Amarasekara, N. A., Bartonicek, A., & Conner, T. S. (2020). The big three health behaviors and mental health and well-being among young adults: a cross-sectional investigation of sleep, exercise, and diet. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 579205.
• Wınpenny Em, Penney Tl, Corder K, Whıte M, Van Sluıjs Em. (2017). Change in diet in the period from adolescence to early adulthood: a systematic scoping review of longitudinal studies. International Journal of Behavioural Nutrition and Physical Activity, 14,60.
• Yilmazel, G., & Bozdogan, S. (2021). Nutrition literacy, dietary habits and food label use among Turkish adolescents. Prog Nutr, 23(1), e2021007.