Eğitim Programında Problem Temelli Öğrenmenin Etkililiğine Dair Bir Çalışma

Öz

Bu çalışmanın iki amacı vardır: (a) sonçların iki kategorisinde problem temelli öğrenmenin temel etkenlerine değinmek: bilgi ve beceriler; ve (b) problem temelli öğrenmenin etkisinin potansiyel faktörlerine değinmek. Bu amaçlar için, iki eğitim programı uygulandıktan sonra problem temelli eğitim programındaki öğrencilerle geleneksel eğitim programındaki öğrencilerin sonuçları temelli öğrenmeye dayalı eğitim programındaki öğrenciler en az geleneksel eğitim programındaki öğrenciler kadar iyi performans sergilemişken bazı durumlarda da onlardan daha iyi performans sergilemiştir. Öğrenci temelli bir program olan problem temelli eğitim programındaki öğrenciler dezavantajlı değildi. Onların güçlü pratik (uygulama) performansları dikkate değerdir. Muhtemelen bu deneysel araştırmanın bulguları, etkili pedagojik uygulama ve bir eğitim programı için önemli öneriler içeriyor

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Problem temelli öğrenme, geleneksel eğitim programı, etkililik, bağımsız öğrenme, öğrenme merkezli çevre

A Study of the Effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning in the Curriculum Study

Öz

This study has two aims:(a) to address the main effects of problem-based learning on two categories of outcomes: knowledge and skills; and (b) to address potential factors of the effect of problem-based learning. For these purposes, the students in a problembased curriculum with those in a conventional instructional curriculum were compared the results, when the two curricula were applied. Analyses indicate that students in the PBLcurriculum performed at least as well as, in some instances better than their counterparts in the conventional curriculum. Students in the PBL curriculum, a studentdirected curriculum, were not disadvantaged. Of note is their strong practical (application) performance. Arguably the findings of this experimental study hold important implications for an educational programme and for effective pedagogic practice

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Problem-based learning, conventional curriculum, effectiveness, selfdirected learning, learning-centered environment

Kaynakça

1. Barrows, H. S. (1985). How to Design a Problem-based Curriculum for the Preclinical Years. New York: Springer Publishing Co. Barrows, H. S. (1986). A taxonomy of problem-based learning methods. Medical Education, 20, 481-486.
2. Barrows, H. S. (1992). The Tutorial Process. Springfield, IL: Southern Illinois University School of Medicine.
3. Barrows, H.S.&Myers, A.C. (1993). Problem-based learning in secondary schools. Unpublished Monograpgh Springfield. Lauphier High School. Southern Illions.
4. Barrows, H. S. (1996). Problem-based learning in medicine and beyond: a brief overview. New Directions For Teaching and Learning, 68, 3-11.
5. Bereiter, C., & Scardamalia, M. (2000). Process and product in Problem-Based Learning (PBL) research. In D. H. Evensen, and C.E. Hmelo (Eds.),
6. ProblemBased Learning, A Research Perspective on Learning Interactions (pp.185-195). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
7. Chi, M. T. H., Glaser, R. &Ress, E. (1982). Expertise in problem solving. In R. Sternberg (Ed.), Advances in the psychology of human intelligence (pp.7- 76), Erlboum.
8. Collins, A., Brown, J.S., and Newman, S. (1989). Cognitive apprenticeship: Teaching the crafts of reading, writing, and mathematics. In L.B.Resnick (Ed.), Knowing, Learning, and Instruction: Essays in honor of Pobert Glasser, (453-494) Erlboum.

9. De Corte, E. (1990). Toward powerful learning environments for the acquisition of problem-solving skills. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 5(1), 5-19.
10. De Corte, E. (1995). Fostering cognitive growth: A perspective from research on marhematics learning and instruction. Educational Psychologist, 30(1), 37-46.
11. Dolmans, D. H., Wolfhagen, I. H. & Ginns, P. (2010). Measuring approaches to learning in a problem-based learning context. International Journal of Medical Education, 1: 55-60.
12. Hmelo-Silver, C.E. (2004). Problem-based learning: what and how do students learn? Educational Psychology Review, 235-266.
13. Newman, M.J. (2005). Problem-based learning. Journal of Veterinary, 32(1), 12- 20