Is the 1 Repetition Maximum Estimation Reliable Using the Load-Velocity Relationship? Comparison of Different Methods

Abstract

The study aimed to determine the relationship and differences between estimation methods which are the minimal velocity threshold 1RM (1RMMVT) and load at zero velocity 1RM (1RMLD0). The load-velocity relationship was obtained through the 1 repetition maximum (1-RM) with the exercises of free weight and Smith machine barbell bench press. The study consisted of fifteen male who were interested in recreationally bodybuilding with at least five years of resistance training experience. The study was completed in four sessions. Free weight and Smith machine barbell bench press 1RM and the velocity measurements were determined in the 1st and 2nd sessions. The load-velocity profile was generated in the 3rd and 4th sessions with the barbell bench press exercise by using the loads between 30-85% of 1RM determined in the 1st and 2nd sessions. MVT and LD0 methods were used to estimate 1 RM with the load-velocity relationship. Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to determine the relationship between direct measured 1RM and estimation methods and The Repeated Measures ANOVA was used to determine the differences between the three methods. There were strong positive correlations (between r=0.918-0.949 for the Smith machine, between r=0.923-0.937 for free weight) between directly measured 1RM, 1RMMVT, 1RMLD0 in both free weight and Smith machine barbell bench press. However, no statistical difference was found between all 1RM methods (p>0,05). It was found that the estimation methods of 1RMMVT and 1RMLD0 are valid and reliable to estimate 1RM. Practitioners can estimate the 1RM from the load-velocity profile with both the free weight and Smith machine for barbell bench press exercise by using two alternative methods.

Keywords

• Maximal strength
• Velocity-based training
• Load-velocity relationship
• Resistance training

Yük-Hız İlişkisi Kullanılarak Bir Tekrarlı Maksimum Tahmini Güvenilir midir? Farklı Yöntemlerin Karşılaştırılması

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, serbest ağırlık ve Smith makine barbell bench press egzersizindeki doğrudan ölçülen bir tekrarlı maksimum (1TM) ile yük-hız ilişkisinden elde edilen 1TM minimal hız eşiği (1TMMHE) ve 1TM sıfır hızdaki yük (1 TMSHY) tahmin yöntemleri arasındaki ilişkileri ve farklılıkları belirlemektir. Çalışmaya, en az 5 yıl direnç antrenmanı geçmişine sahip rekreasyonel amaçlı vücut geliştirme branşıyla ilgilenen 15 erkek gönüllü olarak katıldı. Çalışma toplam 4 oturumda gerçekleştirildi. Birinci ve ikinci oturumda serbest ağırlık ve Smith makine barbell bench press 1TM ve hızı belirlendi. Üçüncü ve dördüncü oturumda yük-hız profili oluşturmak için birinci ve ikinci oturumlarda belirlenmiş 1 TM’nin %30-85 arasındaki yükler kullanılıp barbell bench press egzersizi gerçekleştirildi. Yük-hız ilişkisinden 1TM tahminleri için MHE ve SHY yöntemleri kullanıldı. Araştırmanın veri analizi için ölçülen gerçek 1TM ile tahmin yöntemleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesinde Pearson Korelasyon Analizi, üç yöntem arasındaki farkı belirlemek için Tekrarlı Ölçümlerde ANOVA yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Serbest ağırlık ve Smith makinede gerçekleştirilen doğrudan ölçülmüş gerçek 1TM, 1TMMHE ve 1TMSHY yöntemleri arasında pozitif yönlü çok güçlü ilişki bulunurken (Smith makine için r=0,918-0,949 arasında, Serbest ağırlık için r=0,923-0,937 arasında), tüm 1TM yöntemleri arasında istatistiksel farka rastlanmadı (p>0,05). Araştırmanın sonucuna göre 1TMMHE ve 1TMSHY tahmin yöntemlerinin 1TM’yi tahmin etmede geçerli ve güvenilir olduğu saptanmıştır. Barbell bench press egzersizi için hem serbest ağırlık hem de Smith makinede yük-hız profilinden 1TM’yi tahmin etmek isteyen pratisyenler bu iki yöntemden birisini kullanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bench press
• Maksimal kuvvet
• Hıza dayalı antrenman
• Yük-hız ilişkisi
• Direnç antrenmanı

Kaynakça

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