The Effect of Lower and Upper Body Static Stretching Exercises on Postural Control

Abstract

The study aimed to determine the effect of the lower body, upper body, and whole-body static stretching exercises on postural control in basketball players aged 11-13 years. Sixteen basketball players joined the study on a voluntary basis (Age: 11.44 ± 0.89 years, height: 158.25 ± 7.79 cm, weight: 54.19 ± 12.30 kg, experience in sport: 2.34 ± 1.17 years). Participants were included in the study under 4 different experimental conditions on different days: 1) Upper Body Stretching Exercise Group (UBSE), 2) Lower Body Stretching Exercise Group (LBSE), 3) Mixed Stretching Exercise Group (MSE), 4) Control Group (C). Participants randomly included in the study conditions performed static stretching exercises for about 12 minutes, each lasting 30 seconds and resting for 15 seconds between them. Postural control measurements were performed before and after static stretching exercises using the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS). Foam surface BESS scores were not significantly different between the groups in both the pretest and posttest comparisons (p>0.05). Foam surface UBSE pretest-posttest difference scores were higher than LBSE, and MSE difference scores were higher than LBSE and C groups (p<0.05). No significant difference was found in the pre-test and post-test comparisons of the UBSE, LBSE, and C groups on foam surface (p>0.05), but the MSE post-test BESS scores were lower than the pre-test (p<0.05). When the total BESS scores were examined, it was found that there was no statistically significant difference between the experimental groups in the pre-test, post-test, and difference scores (p>0.05). While there was no difference in the pretest-posttest total BESS scores of the UBSE, LBSE, and C groups (p>0.05), a significant decrease was found in the total BESS scores of the MSE in the posttest (p<0.05). In conclusion, static stretching exercises for the upper and lower body did not affect postural control, whereas static stretching exercises for the whole body increased the performance of postural sway.

Keywords

• Basketball
• Postural control
• Static stretching

Alt ve Üst Gövde Statik Germe Egzersizlerinin Postüral Kontrole Etkisi

Öz

Bu araştırmada 11-13 yaş basketbolcularda üst gövde, alt gövde ve tüm gövdeye uygulanan statik germe egzersizlerinin postüral kontrole etkisini tespit etmek amaçlandı. Çalışmaya yaş ortalaması 11,44 ± 0,89 yıl, boy uzunluğu 158,25 ± 7,79 cm, vücut ağırlığı 54,19 ± 12,30 kg ve spor deneyimi 2,34 ± 1,17 yıl olan 16 erkek basketbol oyuncusu gönüllü olarak dahil edildi. Katılımcılar farklı günlerde 4 ayrı deney koşulunda araştırmaya dahil edildi: 1) Üst Gövde Germe Egzersiz Grubu (ÜGGE), 2) Alt Gövde Germe Egzersiz Grubu (AGGE), 3) Karışık Germe Egzersiz Grubu (KGE), 4) Kontrol Grubu (K). Rastgele olarak çalışma koşullarına dahil edilen katılımcılar her biri 30 sn süren ve aralarında 15 sn dinlenme verilen statik germe egzersizlerini yaklaşık 12 dk uyguladılar. Statik germe egzersizleri öncesi ve sonrasında postüral kontrol ölçümleri Denge Hata Puanlama Sistemi (DHPS) kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Köpük zemin DHPS puanları hem ön testte hem de son testte gruplar arasında anlamlı düzeyde farklı değildi (p>0,05). Köpük zemin ÜGGE ön test – son test fark puanları AGGE’den yüksekti, KGE fark puanları ise AGGE’den ve Kontrol grubundan daha yüksekti (p<0,05). Köpük zeminde ÜGGE, AGGE ve K gruplarının ön test – son test karşılaştırmalarında anlamlı farklılık bulunmadı (p>0,05), ancak KGE son test DHPS puanları ön testten daha düşüktü (p<0,05). Toplam DHPS puanları incelendiğinde; ön testte, son testte ve fark puanlarının araştırma grupları arasında anlamlı düzeyde farklı olmadığı bulundu (p>0,05). ÜGGE, AGGE ve K gruplarının ön test – son test toplam DHPS puanlarında farklılık görülmezken (p>0,05) KGE’nin toplam DHPS puanlarının son testte anlamlı düzeyde azaldığı tespit edildi (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak; üst ve alt vücuda yönelik statik germe egzersizleri postüral kontrolü etkilemedi, buna karşın tüm vücuda yönelik statik germe egzersizleri postüral salımın performansını artırdı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Basketbol
• Postüral kontrol
• Statik germe

Kaynakça

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