Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Effects of Strength and Balance Training on BOSU in Elderly Individuals

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 26 - 40
https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1717745
https://izlik.org/JA84AU52ST

Öz

This study aimed to investigate the effects of a 12-week BOSU-based strength and balance training program on postural stability, muscle strength, agility, flexibility, and quality of life in geriatric adults aged 65 and over. Thirty elderly men participated in the study. Participants engaged in supervised BOSU exercises three days per week. Pre-test and post-test measurements were conducted using valid tools such as the Y Balance Test, proprioception assessments, isometric strength tests, and the SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire. Statistical significance was assessed using appropriate parametric and non-parametric tests. Significant improvements were observed in balance, proprioception, and lower extremity muscle strength. Notable increases were also detected in agility (Hexagon Obstacle Test), flexibility, and vertical jump performance. Quality of life, as assessed by the SF-36, showed significant improvement. However, no statistically significant change was observed in the Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test results; this suggests that BOSU exercises may be less effective on closed kinetic chain stability. BOSU-based training was found to be effective in enhancing physical performance and quality of life in geriatric adults. The program positively contributed to balance, strength, and mobility, and was deemed a promising and accessible intervention for preventing falls and supporting independent living in the elderly.

Destekleyen Kurum

This study was supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) under the 2209-A University Students Research Projects Support Program (Project No. 1919B012332177)

Proje Numarası

1919B012332177

Kaynakça

  • interval training in cases with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Physikalische Medizin, Rehabilitationsmedizin, Kurortmedizin, 33(6), 330–337. [CrossRef]
  • Ambrose, A. F., Paul, G., & Hausdorff, J. M. (2013). Risk factors for falls among older adults: A review of the literature. Maturitas, 75(1), 51–61. [CrossRef]
  • Arikan, H., Maraş, G., Akaras, E., Çitaker, S., & Kafa, N. (2022). Development, reliability and validity of the Closed Kinetic Chain Lower Extremity Stability Test (CKCLEST): A new clinical performance test. Research in Sports Medicine, 30(5), 475–490. [CrossRef]
  • Bencke, J., Strøm, M., Curtis, D. J., Bandholm, T., & Zebis, M. K. (2023). Differences in thigh muscle activation between standing and landing exercises for knee injury prevention and rehabilitation. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 18(1), 102–112. [CrossRef]
  • Brennan, L., O’Tuama, A., Papadopoulos, E., Moss, R., Gilbert, A., & Jaggi, A. (2016). Development of a protocol to measure hamstring and quadriceps strength using a Lafayette manual muscle tester. Physiotherapy, 102(Suppl. 1), e251–e252. [CrossRef]
  • Cadore, E. L., Rodríguez-Mañas, L., Sinclair, A., & Izquierdo, M. (2013). Effects of different exercise interventions on risk of falls, gait ability, and balance in physically frail older adults: A systematic review. Rejuvenation Research, 16(2), 105–114. [CrossRef]
  • Claudino, J. G., Afonso, J., Sarvestan, J., Lanza, M. B., Pennone, J., Filho, C. A. C., … Ramirez-Campillo, R. (2021). Strength training to prevent falls in older adults: A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(14), Article 3184. [CrossRef]
  • Claußen, L., Groß, J., & Kibele, A. (2025). Effects of metastable resistance training with strength and balance requirements compared to traditional resistance and balance training on cognitive performance in older adults: A randomized controlled trial. BMC Geriatrics, 25, Article 777. [CrossRef]
  • Delbaere, K., Close, J. C., Heim, J., Sachdev, P. S., Brodaty, H., Slavin, M. J., … Lord, S. R. (2010). A multifactorial approach to understanding fall risk in older people. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 58(9), 1679–1685. [CrossRef]
  • Guirguis-Blake, J. M., Michael, Y. L., Perdue, L. A., Coppola, E. L., Beil, T. L., & Middleton, J. C. (2024). Interventions to prevent falls in community-dwelling older adults: Updated evidence report and systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA, 331(12), 1034–1049. [CrossRef]
  • Kurtoğlu, A., Çar, B., Topoğlu, S., İşbaşaran, D. A., Eken, Ö., & Nobari, H. (2024). Effects of an eight-week BOSU ball exercise program on core strength endurance and balance performance in intellectually disabled adolescents. Current Psychology, 43(35), 28183–28194. [CrossRef]
  • Lesinski, M., Hortobágyi, T., Muehlbauer, T., Gollhofer, A., & Granacher, U. (2015). Effects of balance training on balance performance in healthy older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 45(12), 1721–1738. [CrossRef]
  • Lizardo, F. B., Ronzani, G. M., Sousa, L. R., da Silva, D. C. O., dos Santos, L. A., Lopes, P. R., … Bigaton, D. R. (2017). Proprioceptive exercise with BOSU maximizes electromyographic activity of the ankle muscles. Bioscience Journal, 33(3), 754–762. [CrossRef]
  • Montero-Odasso, M., van der Velde, N., Martin, F. C., Petrovic, M., Tan, M. P., Ryg, J., … Blain, H. (2022). World guidelines for falls prevention and management for older adults: A global initiative. Age and Ageing, 51(9), Article afad25. [CrossRef]
  • Pentewar, S., Sawant, S., & Deshmukh, P. (2023). Effects of lower extremity resistance training on unstable versus stable surface to prevent fall in healthy older adults: A comparative study. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 13(6), 260–267. [CrossRef]
  • Pilça, O., & Altun, M. (2019). 12 haftalık hentbol teknik ve kuvvet antrenmanlarının atış ve güç performansı üzerindeki etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(1), 66–78. [CrossRef]
  • Pillay, J. D., Mataraj, S., & Kruger, G. (2024). Exercise interventions to reduce fall risk in older adults: An updated systematic review. Systematic Reviews, 13, Article 128. [CrossRef]
  • Pınar, R. (2005). Reliability and construct validity of the SF-36 in Turkish cancer patients. Quality of Life Research, 14(1), 259–264. [CrossRef]
  • Pincivero, D. M., Bachmeier, B., & Coelho, A. J. (2001). The effects of joint angle and reliability on knee proprioception. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 33(10), 1708–1712. [CrossRef]
  • Pizzigalli, L., Filippini, A., Ahmaidi, S., Jullien, H., & Rainoldi, A. (2011). Prevention of falling risk in elderly people: The relevance of muscular strength and symmetry of lower limbs in postural stability. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(2), 567–574. [CrossRef]
  • Priyadharshini, S., Kamalakannan, M., Anbarason, J. P., Anitha, A., & Ramana, K. (2024). Effects of static somatosensory balance training versus BOSU ball training on balance for institutionalized elderly population. Indian Journal of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, 18(5), 730–735. [CrossRef]
  • Raafs, B. M., Karssemeijer, E. G. A., van der Horst, L., Aaronson, J. A., Olde Rikkert, M. G. M., & Kessels, R. P. C. (2020). Physical exercise training improves quality of life in healthy older adults: A meta-analysis. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 28(1), 81–93. [CrossRef]
  • Rizzato, A., Bozzato, M., Rotundo, L., Zullo, G., De Vito, G., Paoli, A., & Marcolin, G. (2024). Multimodal training protocols on unstable rather than stable surfaces better improve dynamic balance ability in older adults. European Review of Aging and Physical Activity, 21(19), 1–13. [CrossRef]
  • Romero-Franco, N., Martínez-López, E. J., Lomas-Vega, R., Hita-Contreras, F., Osuna-Pérez, M. C., & Martínez-Amat, A. (2013). Short-term effects of proprioceptive training with unstable platform on athletes’ stabilometry. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27(8), 2189–2197. [CrossRef]
  • Salari, N., Darvishi, N., Ahmadipanah, M., Shohaimi, S., & Mohammadi, M. (2022). Global prevalence of falls in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 17(1), Article 334. [CrossRef]
  • Sherrington, C., Michaleff, Z. A., Fairhall, N., Paul, S. S., Tiedemann, A., Whitney, J., … Lord, S. R. (2017). Exercise to prevent falls in older adults: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 51(24), 1750–1758. [CrossRef]
  • Shultz, R., Silder, A., Malone, M., Braun, H. J., & Dragoo, J. L. (2015). Unstable surface improves quadriceps–hamstring co-contraction for anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention strategies. Sports Health, 7(2), 166–171. [CrossRef]
  • Stathokostas, L. (2013). Flexibility training and functional ability in older adults: A systematic review. Journal of Aging Research, 2013, Article 657508. [CrossRef]
  • Tan, F., Harput, G., Ulusoy, B., & Güney-Deniz, H. (2024). The influence of unstable surfaces on ankle muscle activation during functional exercises. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 40, 602–609. [CrossRef]
  • Türkeri, C., Büyüktaş, B., & Öztürk, B. (2020). Alt ekstremite Y dinamik denge testi güvenirlik çalışması. Electronic Turkish Studies, 15(2), 1439–1451. [CrossRef]
  • van der Velde, N., Ryg, J., Tan, M. P., Blain, H., & Montero-Odasso, M. (2025). Implementing multifactorial fall prevention in ageing societies. European Geriatric Medicine, 16, 201–210. [CrossRef]
  • Vandervelde, S., Vlaeyen, E., de Casterlé, B. D., Flamaing, J., Valy, S., Meurrens, J., … Milisen, K. (2023). Strategies to implement multifactorial falls prevention interventions in community-dwelling older persons: A systematic review. Implementation Science, 18(1), Article 4. [CrossRef]
  • Winter, L., Huang, Q., Sertic, J. V., & Konczak, J. (2022). The effectiveness of proprioceptive training for improving motor performance and motor dysfunction: A systematic review. Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences, 3, Article 830166. [CrossRef]
  • World Health Organization (WHO). (2021, April 26). Falls. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/falls
  • World Health Organization (WHO). (2024). Ageing and health. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ageing-and-health
  • Yang, H., Li, J., Shan, W., Ren, S., Chai, X., Lu, J., ... & Lu, Y. (2025). The effect of different exercise modalities on older adults’ quality of life: An assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial. Scientific Reports, 15(1), Article 26177. [CrossRef]
  • Yee, C. N. J., Ler, H. Y., & Zhang, Y. (2023). Effects of proprioceptive training using BOSU® balance trainer on core strength and static balance in young competitive rhythmic gymnasts. Malaysian Journal of Movement, Health & Exercise, 12(2), 66–72. [CrossRef]
  • Yoon, S. W., Ha, G. C., Ko, K. J., & Kim, J. D. (2022). The effect of proprioceptive training program on joint position senses, balance ability and agility of male volleyball players. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 10(6), 1232–1244. [CrossRef]
  • Zhu, T. R., Wang, D., & Li, X. (2025). Effectiveness of exercise prescription variables to reduce fall risk among older adults: A meta-analysis. European Review of Aging and Physical Activity, 22, Article 7. [CrossRef]

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 26 - 40
https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1717745
https://izlik.org/JA84AU52ST

Öz

Proje Numarası

1919B012332177

Kaynakça

  • interval training in cases with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Physikalische Medizin, Rehabilitationsmedizin, Kurortmedizin, 33(6), 330–337. [CrossRef]
  • Ambrose, A. F., Paul, G., & Hausdorff, J. M. (2013). Risk factors for falls among older adults: A review of the literature. Maturitas, 75(1), 51–61. [CrossRef]
  • Arikan, H., Maraş, G., Akaras, E., Çitaker, S., & Kafa, N. (2022). Development, reliability and validity of the Closed Kinetic Chain Lower Extremity Stability Test (CKCLEST): A new clinical performance test. Research in Sports Medicine, 30(5), 475–490. [CrossRef]
  • Bencke, J., Strøm, M., Curtis, D. J., Bandholm, T., & Zebis, M. K. (2023). Differences in thigh muscle activation between standing and landing exercises for knee injury prevention and rehabilitation. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 18(1), 102–112. [CrossRef]
  • Brennan, L., O’Tuama, A., Papadopoulos, E., Moss, R., Gilbert, A., & Jaggi, A. (2016). Development of a protocol to measure hamstring and quadriceps strength using a Lafayette manual muscle tester. Physiotherapy, 102(Suppl. 1), e251–e252. [CrossRef]
  • Cadore, E. L., Rodríguez-Mañas, L., Sinclair, A., & Izquierdo, M. (2013). Effects of different exercise interventions on risk of falls, gait ability, and balance in physically frail older adults: A systematic review. Rejuvenation Research, 16(2), 105–114. [CrossRef]
  • Claudino, J. G., Afonso, J., Sarvestan, J., Lanza, M. B., Pennone, J., Filho, C. A. C., … Ramirez-Campillo, R. (2021). Strength training to prevent falls in older adults: A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(14), Article 3184. [CrossRef]
  • Claußen, L., Groß, J., & Kibele, A. (2025). Effects of metastable resistance training with strength and balance requirements compared to traditional resistance and balance training on cognitive performance in older adults: A randomized controlled trial. BMC Geriatrics, 25, Article 777. [CrossRef]
  • Delbaere, K., Close, J. C., Heim, J., Sachdev, P. S., Brodaty, H., Slavin, M. J., … Lord, S. R. (2010). A multifactorial approach to understanding fall risk in older people. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 58(9), 1679–1685. [CrossRef]
  • Guirguis-Blake, J. M., Michael, Y. L., Perdue, L. A., Coppola, E. L., Beil, T. L., & Middleton, J. C. (2024). Interventions to prevent falls in community-dwelling older adults: Updated evidence report and systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA, 331(12), 1034–1049. [CrossRef]
  • Kurtoğlu, A., Çar, B., Topoğlu, S., İşbaşaran, D. A., Eken, Ö., & Nobari, H. (2024). Effects of an eight-week BOSU ball exercise program on core strength endurance and balance performance in intellectually disabled adolescents. Current Psychology, 43(35), 28183–28194. [CrossRef]
  • Lesinski, M., Hortobágyi, T., Muehlbauer, T., Gollhofer, A., & Granacher, U. (2015). Effects of balance training on balance performance in healthy older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 45(12), 1721–1738. [CrossRef]
  • Lizardo, F. B., Ronzani, G. M., Sousa, L. R., da Silva, D. C. O., dos Santos, L. A., Lopes, P. R., … Bigaton, D. R. (2017). Proprioceptive exercise with BOSU maximizes electromyographic activity of the ankle muscles. Bioscience Journal, 33(3), 754–762. [CrossRef]
  • Montero-Odasso, M., van der Velde, N., Martin, F. C., Petrovic, M., Tan, M. P., Ryg, J., … Blain, H. (2022). World guidelines for falls prevention and management for older adults: A global initiative. Age and Ageing, 51(9), Article afad25. [CrossRef]
  • Pentewar, S., Sawant, S., & Deshmukh, P. (2023). Effects of lower extremity resistance training on unstable versus stable surface to prevent fall in healthy older adults: A comparative study. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 13(6), 260–267. [CrossRef]
  • Pilça, O., & Altun, M. (2019). 12 haftalık hentbol teknik ve kuvvet antrenmanlarının atış ve güç performansı üzerindeki etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(1), 66–78. [CrossRef]
  • Pillay, J. D., Mataraj, S., & Kruger, G. (2024). Exercise interventions to reduce fall risk in older adults: An updated systematic review. Systematic Reviews, 13, Article 128. [CrossRef]
  • Pınar, R. (2005). Reliability and construct validity of the SF-36 in Turkish cancer patients. Quality of Life Research, 14(1), 259–264. [CrossRef]
  • Pincivero, D. M., Bachmeier, B., & Coelho, A. J. (2001). The effects of joint angle and reliability on knee proprioception. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 33(10), 1708–1712. [CrossRef]
  • Pizzigalli, L., Filippini, A., Ahmaidi, S., Jullien, H., & Rainoldi, A. (2011). Prevention of falling risk in elderly people: The relevance of muscular strength and symmetry of lower limbs in postural stability. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(2), 567–574. [CrossRef]
  • Priyadharshini, S., Kamalakannan, M., Anbarason, J. P., Anitha, A., & Ramana, K. (2024). Effects of static somatosensory balance training versus BOSU ball training on balance for institutionalized elderly population. Indian Journal of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, 18(5), 730–735. [CrossRef]
  • Raafs, B. M., Karssemeijer, E. G. A., van der Horst, L., Aaronson, J. A., Olde Rikkert, M. G. M., & Kessels, R. P. C. (2020). Physical exercise training improves quality of life in healthy older adults: A meta-analysis. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 28(1), 81–93. [CrossRef]
  • Rizzato, A., Bozzato, M., Rotundo, L., Zullo, G., De Vito, G., Paoli, A., & Marcolin, G. (2024). Multimodal training protocols on unstable rather than stable surfaces better improve dynamic balance ability in older adults. European Review of Aging and Physical Activity, 21(19), 1–13. [CrossRef]
  • Romero-Franco, N., Martínez-López, E. J., Lomas-Vega, R., Hita-Contreras, F., Osuna-Pérez, M. C., & Martínez-Amat, A. (2013). Short-term effects of proprioceptive training with unstable platform on athletes’ stabilometry. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27(8), 2189–2197. [CrossRef]
  • Salari, N., Darvishi, N., Ahmadipanah, M., Shohaimi, S., & Mohammadi, M. (2022). Global prevalence of falls in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 17(1), Article 334. [CrossRef]
  • Sherrington, C., Michaleff, Z. A., Fairhall, N., Paul, S. S., Tiedemann, A., Whitney, J., … Lord, S. R. (2017). Exercise to prevent falls in older adults: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 51(24), 1750–1758. [CrossRef]
  • Shultz, R., Silder, A., Malone, M., Braun, H. J., & Dragoo, J. L. (2015). Unstable surface improves quadriceps–hamstring co-contraction for anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention strategies. Sports Health, 7(2), 166–171. [CrossRef]
  • Stathokostas, L. (2013). Flexibility training and functional ability in older adults: A systematic review. Journal of Aging Research, 2013, Article 657508. [CrossRef]
  • Tan, F., Harput, G., Ulusoy, B., & Güney-Deniz, H. (2024). The influence of unstable surfaces on ankle muscle activation during functional exercises. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 40, 602–609. [CrossRef]
  • Türkeri, C., Büyüktaş, B., & Öztürk, B. (2020). Alt ekstremite Y dinamik denge testi güvenirlik çalışması. Electronic Turkish Studies, 15(2), 1439–1451. [CrossRef]
  • van der Velde, N., Ryg, J., Tan, M. P., Blain, H., & Montero-Odasso, M. (2025). Implementing multifactorial fall prevention in ageing societies. European Geriatric Medicine, 16, 201–210. [CrossRef]
  • Vandervelde, S., Vlaeyen, E., de Casterlé, B. D., Flamaing, J., Valy, S., Meurrens, J., … Milisen, K. (2023). Strategies to implement multifactorial falls prevention interventions in community-dwelling older persons: A systematic review. Implementation Science, 18(1), Article 4. [CrossRef]
  • Winter, L., Huang, Q., Sertic, J. V., & Konczak, J. (2022). The effectiveness of proprioceptive training for improving motor performance and motor dysfunction: A systematic review. Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences, 3, Article 830166. [CrossRef]
  • World Health Organization (WHO). (2021, April 26). Falls. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/falls
  • World Health Organization (WHO). (2024). Ageing and health. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ageing-and-health
  • Yang, H., Li, J., Shan, W., Ren, S., Chai, X., Lu, J., ... & Lu, Y. (2025). The effect of different exercise modalities on older adults’ quality of life: An assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial. Scientific Reports, 15(1), Article 26177. [CrossRef]
  • Yee, C. N. J., Ler, H. Y., & Zhang, Y. (2023). Effects of proprioceptive training using BOSU® balance trainer on core strength and static balance in young competitive rhythmic gymnasts. Malaysian Journal of Movement, Health & Exercise, 12(2), 66–72. [CrossRef]
  • Yoon, S. W., Ha, G. C., Ko, K. J., & Kim, J. D. (2022). The effect of proprioceptive training program on joint position senses, balance ability and agility of male volleyball players. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 10(6), 1232–1244. [CrossRef]
  • Zhu, T. R., Wang, D., & Li, X. (2025). Effectiveness of exercise prescription variables to reduce fall risk among older adults: A meta-analysis. European Review of Aging and Physical Activity, 22, Article 7. [CrossRef]
Toplam 39 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Antrenman, Egzersiz ve Spor Bilimleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Esedullah Akaras 0000-0002-0305-4632

Naciye Sinem Yılmaz 0009-0007-6653-3191

Ayda Nur Özer 0009-0003-1597-5206

Hasan Basri Yaman Bu kişi benim 0009-0009-5346-0514

Ahmet Sefa Bilici Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-0229-9793

Proje Numarası 1919B012332177
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Haziran 2025
Kabul Tarihi 19 Aralık 2025
DOI https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1717745
IZ https://izlik.org/JA84AU52ST
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2026 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Akaras, E., Yılmaz, N. S., Özer, A. N., Yaman, H. B., & Bilici, A. S. (t.y.). Effects of Strength and Balance Training on BOSU in Elderly Individuals. Journal of Sport Sciences Research, 11(1), 26-40. https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1717745

26355    18836       18837       8748

Dergi indirme İstatistikleri 

indir.png