Genç Yetişkin Erkeklerde Sporun ve Farklı Spor Dallarının Postür ve Denge Üzerine Etkisi: Duyusal Yeniden Ağırlıklandırma ve Spor İlişkisi

Öz

Duyusal girdi postürel kontrolde önemli rol oynar. Farklı spor dallarından sporcular postural kontrol için duyuları değişik derecelerde yeniden ağırlıklandırabilirler. Bu çalışma genç yetişkin erkeklerde postürel kontrolün sağlanmasında görme duyusunun önemini ve futbol ile basketbol eğitiminin postürel kontrolü sağlama bakımından görme duyusuna bağımlılığı ne derecede etkilediğini ortaya koyma amacıyla planlanmıştır. Lise öğrencilerinden futbol eğitimi alanlar (n=17, 17.29±0.85 yaş), basketbol eğitimi alanlar (n=19, 16.74±0.87 yaş) ve kontrol grubu olarak sanat eğitimi alanlar (n=26, 16.08±0.93 yaş) çalışma evrenini oluşturmuşlardır. Pedobarografi cihazı ile statik denge değerlendirmesi için katılımcılara iki ayak üzerinde ve kararlı zeminde gözler açık ve gözler kapalı durumda ölçüm yapılmıştır. Salınım alanı, salınım mesafesi ve salınım hızı (varyans) parametreleri elde edilmiştir. Göz açık ve göz kapalı ölçümler arasında grup faktörüne göre salınım mesafesi parametresinde anlamlı fark saptanırken (p=0.031), salınım hızının sadece ön-arka bileşeninde anlamlı fark saptanmıştır (p=0.017). Göz açık ölçümlerde gruplar arasında fark saptanmamıştır. Göz kapalı durumda futbolcular kontrol grubuna göre salınım mesafesi (p=0.008) ve salınım hızı bakımından anlamlı derecede daha üstün bulunmuşlardır (p=0.018). Futbol eğitimi alan genç yetişkin erkeklerin, görme duyusu engellendiğinde daha iyi statik denge performansına sahip oldukları gözlenmiştir. Futbol eğitimi alan grubun görme duyusu engellendiğinde postürel kontrolün sağlanmasında rol oynayan diğer duyusal girdileri (özellikle proprioseptif duyuyu) daha iyi yeniden ağırlıklandırabildiği söylenebilir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Postürel Kontrol
• Görme
• Spor Eğitimi
• Duyusal Yeniden Ağırlıklandırma

The Effect of Sport and Different Sports Branches on Posture and Balance in Young Adult Men: Sensory Re-weighting and Sport Relations

Abstract

Sensory input plays an important role in postural control. Athletes from different sports can re-weight the senses to varying degrees for postural control. This study was planned to determine the importance of the sense of vision in achieving postural control in young adult males and to reveal the extent to which football and basketball training affect the dependence on vision in terms of providing postural control. The high school students were divided into three groups: football group (n=17, 17.29±0.85 years) and basketball group (n=19, 16.74±0.87 years) and control group of non-athletes (n=26, 16.08 ± 0.93 years). Static balance measurement was performed with a pedobarography device with eyes open and eyes closed on a stable surface. Area, distance and velocity (variance) parameters were obtained. While there was a significant difference in the sway distance parameter by the group factor between eyes open and eyes closed measurements (p=0.031), a significant difference was found only in the anteroposterior component of the sway velocity (p=0.017). There was no difference between the groups in terms of eyes open measurements. In eyes closed state, football group showed a lower sway distance and sway velocity compared to the control group (p=0.008 and p=0.018 respectively). It was observed that young adult males who received football training had better static balance performance when the vision was blocked. It can be argued that the football training group can re-weight the other sensory inputs (especially the proprioceptive sense) when vision is impaired.

Keywords

• Postural Control
• Vision
• Sports Education
• Sensory Re-weighting

Kaynakça

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