Araştırma Makalesi
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Investigation of the Relationship Between Neuromuscular Asymmetry and Linear and Multidimensional Running Performances in Soccer Players

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 136 - 147, 30.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1162741

Öz

This study was carried out to investigate the relationship between neuromuscular asymmetry and linear and multi-dimensional running performances in soccer players. 62 volunteer male soccer players participated in the study. The research design consisted of 3 sessions with 24-hour intervals. In the first session, dominant, non-dominant and bilateral vertical jump and horizontal jump tests were applied and neuromuscular asymmetry level was determined. In the second session, linear running performance tests (10 m and 30 m sprint) were applied. In the last session, multi-dimensional running performance tests (COD and Illinois) were applied. The relationship between neuromuscular asymmetry and linear and multi-dimensional running performances was determined by the Pearson correlation coefficient. The dominant vertical jump values of the athletes 20.76±3.36 cm, horizontal jump 1.83±0.20 m, non-dominant vertical jump 20.84±3.49 cm and horizontal jump 1.86±0.17 m was found. Bilateral asymmetry rates of the athletes were found to be 10.83±7.81 in vertical jump and 6.25±5.28 in horizontal jump. No significant correlation was found between the vertical asymmetry rates of the athletes and their linear and multi-dimensional running performances (p>0.05). However, a significant correlation was found between horizontal asymmetry rates and multi-dimensional running performances of 30 m linear sprint (r=0.47), COD (r=0.65) and Illinois (r=0.63) (p<0.05). As the horizontal asymmetry ratio increases, it can be said that the linear and multi-dimensionel running performance of the athletes may be negatively affected. Therefore, it is recommended to include unilateral strength training more in favor of the missing side in order to reduce or eliminate the asymmetry rate.

Kaynakça

  • Bishop, C., Read, P., Chavda, S., & Turner, A. (2016). Asymmetries of the lower limb: The calculation conundrum in strength training and conditioning. The Strength & Conditioning Journal, 38(6), 27-32. https://doi.org/10.1519/ssc.0000000000000264
  • Bishop, C., Turner, A., Maloney, S., Lake, J., Loturco, I., Bromley, T., & Read, P. (2019). Drop Jump Asymmetry is Associated with Reduced Sprint and Change-of-Direction Speed Performance in Adult Female Soccer Players. Sports (Basel.), 7(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7010029
  • Bishop, C., Perez-Higueras Rubio, M., Gullon, I. L., Maloney, S., & Balsalobre-Fernandez, C. (2022). Jump and change of direction speed asymmetry using smartphone apps: Between-session consistency and associations with physical performance. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 36(4), 927-934. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003567
  • Bishop, C., Lake, J., Loturco, I., Papadopoulos, K., Turner, A., & Read, P. (2021). Interlimb asymmetries: The need for an individual approach to data analysis. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 35(3), 695-701. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002729
  • Bishop, C., McAuley, W., Read, P., Gonzalo-Skok, O., Lake, J., & Turner, A. (2021a). Acute Effect of Repeated Sprints on Interlimb Asymmetries During Unilateral Jumping. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 35(8), 2127-2132. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003109
  • Bush, M., Barnes, C., Archer, D. T., Hogg, B., & Bradley, P. S. (2015). Evolution of match performance parameters for various playing positions in the English Premier League. Human Movement Science, 39, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2014.10.003
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E. K., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., Demirel, F. (2017). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Pegem Atıf İndeksi.
  • Chiang, C. Y. (2014). Lower body strength and power characteristics ınfluencing change of direction and straight-line sprinting performance in Division I Soccer Players. East Tennessee State University.
  • Coratella, G., Beato, M., & Schena, F. (2016). The specificity of the Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test for recreational soccer players is independent of their intermittent running ability. Research in Sports Medicine, 24(4), 363-374. https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2016.1222279
  • Croisier, J. L., Ganteaume, S., Binet, J., Genty, M., & Ferret, J. M. (2008). Strength imbalances and prevention of hamstring injury in professional soccer players: a prospective study. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 36(8), 1469-1475. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0363546508316764
  • Dos' Santos, T., Thomas, C., Jones, P. A., & Comfort, P. (2018). Asymmetries in isometric force-time characteristics are not detrimental to change of direction speed. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 32(2), 520-527. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002327
  • Dos’Santos, T., Thomas, C., Jones, P. A., & Comfort, P. (2017). Asymmetries in single and triple hop are not detrimental to change of direction speed. Journal of Trainology, 6(2), 35-41. https://doi.org/10.17338/trainology.6.2_35
  • Exell, T., Irwin, G., Gittoes, M., & Kerwin, D. (2017). Strength and performance asymmetry during maximal velocity sprint running. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 27(11), 1273-1282. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12759
  • Faude, O., & Donath, L. (2019). Neuromuscular performance during lifespan: Assessment methods and exercise interventions. Frontiers in physiology, 10, Article 1348. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.01348
  • Gonzalo-Skok, O., Tous-Fajardo, J., Suarez-Arrones, L., Arjol-Serrano, J. L., Casajús, J. A., & Mendez-Villanueva, A. (2017). Single-leg power output and between-limbs imbalances in team-sport players: Unilateral versus bilateral combined resistance training. International Journal of Sports Physiology And Performance, 12(1), 106-114. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2015-0743
  • Haugen, T., Danielsen, J., McGhie, D., Sandbakk, Ø., & Ettema, G. (2018). Kinematic stride cycle asymmetry is not associated with sprint performance and injury prevalence in athletic sprinters. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 28(3), 1001-1008. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12953
  • Heil, J., Loffing, F., & Büsch, D. (2020). The influence of exercise-induced fatigue on Inter-Limb asymmetries: A Systematic review. Sports Medicine-Open, 6(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-020-00270-x
  • Impellizzeri, F. M., Rampinini, E., Maffiuletti, N., & Marcora, S. M. (2007). A vertical jump force test for assessing bilateral strength asymmetry in athletes. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 39(11), 2044-2050. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e31814fb55c
  • Kaçoğlu, C. (2019). Investigation of Gender Differences Related to Knee Strength Asymmetry. Turkish Journal of Sports Medicine, 54(4), 225-232. https://doi.org/10.5152/tjsm.2019.136
  • Lockie, R. G., Risso, F. G., Lazar, A., Giuliano, D. V., Stage, A. A., Liu, T. M., ... & Moreno, M. R. (2017). Between-leg mechanical differences as measured by the Bulgarian split-squat: Exploring asymmetries and relationships with sprint acceleration. Sports, 5(3), 65. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports5030065
  • Lockie, R. G., Schultz, A. B., Jeffriess, M. D., & Callaghan, S. J. (2012). The relationship between bilateral differences of knee flexor and extensor isokinetic strength and multi-directional speed. Isokinetics and exercise science, 20(3), 211-219. https://doi.org/10.3233/IES-2012-0461
  • Lockie, R., Callaghan, S., Berry, S., Cooke, E., Jordan, C., Luczo, T., & Jeffriess M. (2014). Relationship between unilateral jumping ability and asymmetry on multidirectional speed in team-sport athletes. J Strength Cond Res, 28, 3557–3566. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000588
  • Loturco, I., Pereira, L. A., Kobal, R., Maldonado, T., Piazzi, A. F., Bottino, A., ... & Nakamura, F. Y. (2016). Improving sprint performance in soccer: effectiveness of jump squat and Olympic push press exercises. PloS one, 11(4), Article e0153958. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0153958.
  • Maloney, S. J. (2019). The relationship between asymmetry and athletic performance: A critical review. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 33(9), 2579-2593. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002608
  • Maloney, S. J., Richards, J., Nixon, D. G., Harvey, L. J., & Fletcher, I. M. (2017). Do stiffness and asymmetries predict change of direction performance?. Journal of Sports Sciences, 35(6), 547-556. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2016.1179775
  • Maupas, E., Paysant, J., Datie, A. M., Martinet, N., & André, J. M. (2002). Functional asymmetries of the lower limbs. A comparison between clinical assessment of laterality, isokinetic evaluation and electrogoniometric monitoring of knees during walking. Gait & Posture, 16(3), 304-312. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0966-6362(02)00020-6
  • Michailidis, Y., Savvakis, C., Pirounakis, V., Mikikis, D., Margonis, K., & Metaxas, T. (2020). Association between jump asymmetry and reduced performance in the change of direction tests of youth soccer players. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20(3), 1362-1368. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2020.03188
  • Morin, J. B., Gimenez, P., Edouard, P., Arnal, P., Jiménez-Reyes, P., Samozino, P., ... & Mendiguchia, J. (2015). Sprint acceleration mechanics: the major role of hamstrings in horizontal force production. Frontiers in physiology, 6, Article 404. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2015.00404
  • Pardos-Mainer, E., Bishop, C., Gonzalo-Skok, O., Nobari, H., Pérez-Gómez, J., & Lozano, D. (2021). Associations between inter-limb asymmetries in jump and change of direction speed tests and physical performance in adolescent female soccer players. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(7), 1-13. Article 3474. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073474
  • Paterno, M. V., Ford, K. R., Myer, G. D., Heyl, R., & Hewett, T. E. (2007). Limb asymmetries in landing and jumping 2 years following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 17(4), 258-262. https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0b013e31804c77ea
  • Pereira, L. A., Nimphius, S., Kobal, R., Kitamura, K., Turisco, L. A., Orsi, R. C., ... & Loturco, I. (2018). Relationship between change of direction, speed, and power in male and female National Olympic team handball athletes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 32(10), 2987-2994. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002494
  • Raya-González, J., Clemente, F. M., & Castillo, D. (2021). Analyzing the Magnitude of Interlimb Asymmetries in Young Female Soccer Players: A Preliminary Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(2), 1-13. Article 475. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020475
  • Sannicandro, I., Piccinno, A., Rosa, R. A., & De Pascalis, S. (2011). Correlation between functional asymmetry of professional soccer players and sprint. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 45(4), 370-371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2011.084038.171

Futbolcularda Nöromüsküler Asimetri ile Doğrusal ve Multi Dimensiyonel Koşu Performansları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 136 - 147, 30.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1162741

Öz

Bu çalışma futbolcularda nöromüsküler asimetri ile doğrusal ve multi dimensiyonel koşu performansları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmaya 62 gönüllü erkek futbolcu katılmıştır. Araştırma deseni 24 saat aralıkla 3 oturumdan oluşmuştur. İlk oturumda baskın, baskın olmayan ve bilateral dikey sıçrama ve yatay sıçrama testleri uygulanıp nöromüsküler asimetri düzeyi belirlenmiştir. İkinci oturumda doğrusal koşu performans testleri (10 m ve 30 m sürat) uygulanmıştır. Son oturumda ise yön değiştirmeli koşu performans testleri (COD ve Illinois) uygulanmıştır. Nöromüsküler asimetri ile doğrusal ve yön değiştirmeli koşu performansları arasındaki ilişki Pearson korelasyon katsayısı ile belirlenmiştir. Sporcuların, baskın dikey sıçrama değerleri 20,76±3,36 cm ve yatay sıçrama 1,83±0,20 m, baskın olmayan dikey sıçrama 20,84±3,49 cm ve yatay sıçrama 1,86±0,17 m olarak bulunmuştur. Sporcuların bilateral asimetri oranları dikey sıçramada 10,83±7,81 ve yatay sıçramada 6,25±5,28 olarak bulunmuştur. Sporcuların dikey asimetri oranları ile doğrusal ve yön değiştirmeli koşu performansları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır (p>0,05). Ancak yatay asimetri oranları ile 30 m doğrusal sürat (r=0,47), COD (r=0,65) ve Illinois (r=0,63) yön değiştirmeli koşu performansları arasında anlamlı düzeyde ilişki bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Yatay asimetri oranı arttıkça sporcuların doğrusal ve yön değiştirmeli koşu performansının olumsuz yönde etkilenebileceği söylenebilir. Bundan dolayı asimetri oranının azaltılması ya da ortadan kaldırılması için eksik olan taraf lehine daha fazla olmak üzere unilateral kuvvet antrenmanlarına yer vermeleri önerilmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Bishop, C., Read, P., Chavda, S., & Turner, A. (2016). Asymmetries of the lower limb: The calculation conundrum in strength training and conditioning. The Strength & Conditioning Journal, 38(6), 27-32. https://doi.org/10.1519/ssc.0000000000000264
  • Bishop, C., Turner, A., Maloney, S., Lake, J., Loturco, I., Bromley, T., & Read, P. (2019). Drop Jump Asymmetry is Associated with Reduced Sprint and Change-of-Direction Speed Performance in Adult Female Soccer Players. Sports (Basel.), 7(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7010029
  • Bishop, C., Perez-Higueras Rubio, M., Gullon, I. L., Maloney, S., & Balsalobre-Fernandez, C. (2022). Jump and change of direction speed asymmetry using smartphone apps: Between-session consistency and associations with physical performance. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 36(4), 927-934. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003567
  • Bishop, C., Lake, J., Loturco, I., Papadopoulos, K., Turner, A., & Read, P. (2021). Interlimb asymmetries: The need for an individual approach to data analysis. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 35(3), 695-701. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002729
  • Bishop, C., McAuley, W., Read, P., Gonzalo-Skok, O., Lake, J., & Turner, A. (2021a). Acute Effect of Repeated Sprints on Interlimb Asymmetries During Unilateral Jumping. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 35(8), 2127-2132. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003109
  • Bush, M., Barnes, C., Archer, D. T., Hogg, B., & Bradley, P. S. (2015). Evolution of match performance parameters for various playing positions in the English Premier League. Human Movement Science, 39, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2014.10.003
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E. K., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., Demirel, F. (2017). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Pegem Atıf İndeksi.
  • Chiang, C. Y. (2014). Lower body strength and power characteristics ınfluencing change of direction and straight-line sprinting performance in Division I Soccer Players. East Tennessee State University.
  • Coratella, G., Beato, M., & Schena, F. (2016). The specificity of the Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test for recreational soccer players is independent of their intermittent running ability. Research in Sports Medicine, 24(4), 363-374. https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2016.1222279
  • Croisier, J. L., Ganteaume, S., Binet, J., Genty, M., & Ferret, J. M. (2008). Strength imbalances and prevention of hamstring injury in professional soccer players: a prospective study. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 36(8), 1469-1475. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0363546508316764
  • Dos' Santos, T., Thomas, C., Jones, P. A., & Comfort, P. (2018). Asymmetries in isometric force-time characteristics are not detrimental to change of direction speed. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 32(2), 520-527. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002327
  • Dos’Santos, T., Thomas, C., Jones, P. A., & Comfort, P. (2017). Asymmetries in single and triple hop are not detrimental to change of direction speed. Journal of Trainology, 6(2), 35-41. https://doi.org/10.17338/trainology.6.2_35
  • Exell, T., Irwin, G., Gittoes, M., & Kerwin, D. (2017). Strength and performance asymmetry during maximal velocity sprint running. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 27(11), 1273-1282. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12759
  • Faude, O., & Donath, L. (2019). Neuromuscular performance during lifespan: Assessment methods and exercise interventions. Frontiers in physiology, 10, Article 1348. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.01348
  • Gonzalo-Skok, O., Tous-Fajardo, J., Suarez-Arrones, L., Arjol-Serrano, J. L., Casajús, J. A., & Mendez-Villanueva, A. (2017). Single-leg power output and between-limbs imbalances in team-sport players: Unilateral versus bilateral combined resistance training. International Journal of Sports Physiology And Performance, 12(1), 106-114. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2015-0743
  • Haugen, T., Danielsen, J., McGhie, D., Sandbakk, Ø., & Ettema, G. (2018). Kinematic stride cycle asymmetry is not associated with sprint performance and injury prevalence in athletic sprinters. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 28(3), 1001-1008. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12953
  • Heil, J., Loffing, F., & Büsch, D. (2020). The influence of exercise-induced fatigue on Inter-Limb asymmetries: A Systematic review. Sports Medicine-Open, 6(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-020-00270-x
  • Impellizzeri, F. M., Rampinini, E., Maffiuletti, N., & Marcora, S. M. (2007). A vertical jump force test for assessing bilateral strength asymmetry in athletes. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 39(11), 2044-2050. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e31814fb55c
  • Kaçoğlu, C. (2019). Investigation of Gender Differences Related to Knee Strength Asymmetry. Turkish Journal of Sports Medicine, 54(4), 225-232. https://doi.org/10.5152/tjsm.2019.136
  • Lockie, R. G., Risso, F. G., Lazar, A., Giuliano, D. V., Stage, A. A., Liu, T. M., ... & Moreno, M. R. (2017). Between-leg mechanical differences as measured by the Bulgarian split-squat: Exploring asymmetries and relationships with sprint acceleration. Sports, 5(3), 65. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports5030065
  • Lockie, R. G., Schultz, A. B., Jeffriess, M. D., & Callaghan, S. J. (2012). The relationship between bilateral differences of knee flexor and extensor isokinetic strength and multi-directional speed. Isokinetics and exercise science, 20(3), 211-219. https://doi.org/10.3233/IES-2012-0461
  • Lockie, R., Callaghan, S., Berry, S., Cooke, E., Jordan, C., Luczo, T., & Jeffriess M. (2014). Relationship between unilateral jumping ability and asymmetry on multidirectional speed in team-sport athletes. J Strength Cond Res, 28, 3557–3566. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000588
  • Loturco, I., Pereira, L. A., Kobal, R., Maldonado, T., Piazzi, A. F., Bottino, A., ... & Nakamura, F. Y. (2016). Improving sprint performance in soccer: effectiveness of jump squat and Olympic push press exercises. PloS one, 11(4), Article e0153958. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0153958.
  • Maloney, S. J. (2019). The relationship between asymmetry and athletic performance: A critical review. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 33(9), 2579-2593. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002608
  • Maloney, S. J., Richards, J., Nixon, D. G., Harvey, L. J., & Fletcher, I. M. (2017). Do stiffness and asymmetries predict change of direction performance?. Journal of Sports Sciences, 35(6), 547-556. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2016.1179775
  • Maupas, E., Paysant, J., Datie, A. M., Martinet, N., & André, J. M. (2002). Functional asymmetries of the lower limbs. A comparison between clinical assessment of laterality, isokinetic evaluation and electrogoniometric monitoring of knees during walking. Gait & Posture, 16(3), 304-312. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0966-6362(02)00020-6
  • Michailidis, Y., Savvakis, C., Pirounakis, V., Mikikis, D., Margonis, K., & Metaxas, T. (2020). Association between jump asymmetry and reduced performance in the change of direction tests of youth soccer players. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20(3), 1362-1368. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2020.03188
  • Morin, J. B., Gimenez, P., Edouard, P., Arnal, P., Jiménez-Reyes, P., Samozino, P., ... & Mendiguchia, J. (2015). Sprint acceleration mechanics: the major role of hamstrings in horizontal force production. Frontiers in physiology, 6, Article 404. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2015.00404
  • Pardos-Mainer, E., Bishop, C., Gonzalo-Skok, O., Nobari, H., Pérez-Gómez, J., & Lozano, D. (2021). Associations between inter-limb asymmetries in jump and change of direction speed tests and physical performance in adolescent female soccer players. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(7), 1-13. Article 3474. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073474
  • Paterno, M. V., Ford, K. R., Myer, G. D., Heyl, R., & Hewett, T. E. (2007). Limb asymmetries in landing and jumping 2 years following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 17(4), 258-262. https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0b013e31804c77ea
  • Pereira, L. A., Nimphius, S., Kobal, R., Kitamura, K., Turisco, L. A., Orsi, R. C., ... & Loturco, I. (2018). Relationship between change of direction, speed, and power in male and female National Olympic team handball athletes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 32(10), 2987-2994. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002494
  • Raya-González, J., Clemente, F. M., & Castillo, D. (2021). Analyzing the Magnitude of Interlimb Asymmetries in Young Female Soccer Players: A Preliminary Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(2), 1-13. Article 475. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020475
  • Sannicandro, I., Piccinno, A., Rosa, R. A., & De Pascalis, S. (2011). Correlation between functional asymmetry of professional soccer players and sprint. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 45(4), 370-371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2011.084038.171
Toplam 33 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Spor Hekimliği, Turizm (Diğer)
Bölüm Orijinal Makale
Yazarlar

Barışcan Öztürk 0000-0001-7001-3032

Hakan Engin 0000-0002-2613-1020

Bilgihan Büyüktaş 0000-0002-6816-7275

Cenab Türkeri 0000-0003-4850-9810

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 27 Mayıs 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2023
Kabul Tarihi 4 Mart 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Öztürk, B., Engin, H., Büyüktaş, B., Türkeri, C. (2023). Futbolcularda Nöromüsküler Asimetri ile Doğrusal ve Multi Dimensiyonel Koşu Performansları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi. Spor Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(2), 136-147. https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1162741
AMA Öztürk B, Engin H, Büyüktaş B, Türkeri C. Futbolcularda Nöromüsküler Asimetri ile Doğrusal ve Multi Dimensiyonel Koşu Performansları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi. JSSR. Haziran 2023;8(2):136-147. doi:10.25307/jssr.1162741
Chicago Öztürk, Barışcan, Hakan Engin, Bilgihan Büyüktaş, ve Cenab Türkeri. “Futbolcularda Nöromüsküler Asimetri Ile Doğrusal Ve Multi Dimensiyonel Koşu Performansları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi”. Spor Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi 8, sy. 2 (Haziran 2023): 136-47. https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1162741.
EndNote Öztürk B, Engin H, Büyüktaş B, Türkeri C (01 Haziran 2023) Futbolcularda Nöromüsküler Asimetri ile Doğrusal ve Multi Dimensiyonel Koşu Performansları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi. Spor Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi 8 2 136–147.
IEEE B. Öztürk, H. Engin, B. Büyüktaş, ve C. Türkeri, “Futbolcularda Nöromüsküler Asimetri ile Doğrusal ve Multi Dimensiyonel Koşu Performansları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi”, JSSR, c. 8, sy. 2, ss. 136–147, 2023, doi: 10.25307/jssr.1162741.
ISNAD Öztürk, Barışcan vd. “Futbolcularda Nöromüsküler Asimetri Ile Doğrusal Ve Multi Dimensiyonel Koşu Performansları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi”. Spor Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi 8/2 (Haziran 2023), 136-147. https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1162741.
JAMA Öztürk B, Engin H, Büyüktaş B, Türkeri C. Futbolcularda Nöromüsküler Asimetri ile Doğrusal ve Multi Dimensiyonel Koşu Performansları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi. JSSR. 2023;8:136–147.
MLA Öztürk, Barışcan vd. “Futbolcularda Nöromüsküler Asimetri Ile Doğrusal Ve Multi Dimensiyonel Koşu Performansları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi”. Spor Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, c. 8, sy. 2, 2023, ss. 136-47, doi:10.25307/jssr.1162741.
Vancouver Öztürk B, Engin H, Büyüktaş B, Türkeri C. Futbolcularda Nöromüsküler Asimetri ile Doğrusal ve Multi Dimensiyonel Koşu Performansları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi. JSSR. 2023;8(2):136-47.

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