Türkiye'de Kadınların İşgücüne Katılımında Medeni Durum Farklılıkları: Doğrusal Olmayan Ayrıştırma Yaklaşımı

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 14 - 29, 27.12.2021

Fulden Kömüryakan

Öz

Bu çalışma, çalışma çağındaki evli ve evli olmayan kadınların işgücüne katılım olasılıkları arasındaki farklılıkları ve aralarındaki işgücüne katılım farkını incelemektedir. 2018 yılı Türkiye Hanehalkı Bütçe Anketi verilerini kullanan bu çalışmada, probit modeli tahmin edilmekte ve doğrusal olmayan ayrıştırma yöntemi kullanılmaktadır. Bilgim çerçevesinde bu çalışma, işgücüne katılım farkını doğrusal olmayan ayrıştırma yöntemiyle ele alan ilk çalışmadır. Çalışmanın bulguları, evli ve evli olmayan kadınlar arasında, evli olmayan kadınlar lehine, %14'lük bir işgücüne katılım farkı olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Doğrusal olmayan ayrıştırma bulguları ise evli ve evli olmayan kadınların yaş, eğitim, hanenin ekonomik durumu ve hanehalkı demografik özellikleri bakımından aynı koşullara sahip olmaları durumunda, aralarındaki işgücüne katılım farkının %96,92'sinin ortadan kalkacağını ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışma, işgücüne katılım farkının arttıran belirleyicileri tespit ederek, işgücüne katılım farkını azaltmak ve evli kadınların ekonomiye katılımını artırmak için politikalar geliştirmeye yardımcı olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Doğrusal Olmayan Ayrıştırma, Kadınların İşgücüne Katılımı, Medeni Durum, Probit Modeli, Türkiye

Marital Status Differences in Women’s Labor Force Participation in Turkey: Nonlinear Decomposition Approach

Öz

The present study investigates the differences in the likelihood of prime working-age married and unmarried women's labor force participation and examines the labor force participation gap between them. Using Turkish Household Budget Survey data of 2018, this study estimates the probit model and employs a nonlinear decomposition method. To the best of my knowledge, this is the first study to address the labor force participation gap via the nonlinear decomposition method. The findings suggest that there is a 14% labor force participation gap between married and unmarried women in favor of unmarried women. Furthermore, nonlinear decomposition findings reveal that if the married and unmarried women had the same characteristics in terms of age, education, household economic status, and household demographic characteristics, 96.92% of the labor force participation gap between them would have disappeared. By understanding the driving forces behind the labor force participation gap, this study may help to develop policies to reduce the gap and increase married women’s involvement in the economy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Marital Status, Nonlinear Decomposition, Probit Model, Turkey, Women’s Labor Force Participation

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