Araştırma Makalesi
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Contributions of “Green-Ecoport Approach” to Merchant Trade and Logistics: Comparison of Practices in Turkey and the European Union (EU)

Yıl 2019, , 65 - 78, 19.02.2020
https://doi.org/10.26650/JTL.2019.04.02.02

Öz

About 85% of the world commodity trade is carried out by sea and merchant ships and maritime trade ports are the most important elements of the international logistics, supply and transportation chain. However, maritime transportation activities have also various environmental impacts from ports and ships for air, water, soil/sediments and ecosystem. In recent years, greenport/ecoport approach, which are becoming widespread in Turkey, especially in European ports, are aimed at disseminating environmentally friendly technologies, minimizing the environmental impacts of ship and port operations, energy saving and consequently more sustainable transportation. In this study, it is aimed to examine the contributions of “green-eco port approach” to logistics activities and merchant trade. In accordance with this aim, green-eco port approach and its international and national practices, specially regarding EU legislation, have been examined, and developable aspects of the implementation for Turkish ports by a comparison of the situation in the EU and in Turkey has have been determined, and an evaluation on contributions of existing green-eco port implementations to logistics activities and merchant trade has been carried out, and some recommendations have been expressed in consequence.

Kaynakça

  • Ascencio, L.M., González-Ramírez, R.G., Bearzotti, L.A., Smith, N.R., Camacho-Vallejo, J.F. (2014). A Collaborative Supply Chain Management System for a Maritime Port Logistics Chain. Journal of applied research and technology, 12(3): 444-458.
  • Bichou, K. (2013). Port Operations, Planning and Logistics. Informa Law from Routledge, Oxon, USA. https://content.taylorfrancis.com/books/download?dac=C2011-0-18304-9&isbn=9781317912712&format=googlePreviewPdf, Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2019.
  • Chengpeng, W., Di, Z. Xingping, Y, Zaili, Y. (2018). A novel model for the quantitative evaluation of green port development – A case study of major ports in China. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 61(B): 431-443.
  • Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals (CSCMP). (2013). CSCMP Supply Chain Management Definitions and Glossary (Updated: August 2013). https://cscmp.org/CSCMP/Educate/SCM_Definitions_and_Glossary_of_Terms/CSCMP/Educate/SCM_Definitions_and_Glossary_of_Terms.aspx?hkey=60879588-f65f-4ab5-8c4b-6878815ef921, Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2019.
  • Deniz Ticareti Genel Müdürlüğü (DTGM).(2019). Yeşil Liman. http://www.ubak.gov.tr/BLSM_WIYS/DTGM/tr/HTML/20120817_094504_64032_1_64346.html, Erişim Tarihi: 18.10.2019.
  • EcoPorts. (2019). The Story of EcoPorts Building a Worldwide Network for Sharing Experience in Port Environmental Management. http://www.ecoports.com/assets/files/common/brochures/The_Story_of_EcoPorts-v8-with_pictures.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2019.
  • Elbirlik, G. (2008). Türk Lojistik Sektöründe Denizyolu Taşımacılığının Önemi ve Sorunları. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir.
  • International Maritime Organisation (IMO). (2019a). UN body adopts climate change strategy for shipping. http://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/PressBriefings/Pages/06GHGinitialstrategy.aspx, Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2019.
  • IMO. (2019b). International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL). http://www.imo.org/en/About/Conventions/ListOfConventions/Pages/International-Convention-for-the-Prevention-of-Pollution-from-Ships-(MARPOL).aspx, Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2019.
  • IMO. (2019c). Emission Control Areas (ECAs) designated under MARPOL Annex VI. http://www.imo.org/en/OurWork/Environment/PollutionPrevention/AirPollution/Pages/Emission-Control-Areas-(ECAs)-designated-under-regulation-13-of-MARPOL-Annex-VI-(NOx-emission-control).aspx, Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2019.
  • IMO. (2019ç). Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) – Regulation 13. http://www.imo.org/en/OurWork/Environment/PollutionPrevention/AirPollution/Pages/Nitrogen-oxides-(NOx)-%E2%80%93-Regulation-13.aspx, Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2019.
  • IMO. (2019d). Sulphur oxides (SOx) and Particulate Matter (PM) – Regulation 14. http://www.imo.org/en/OurWork/Environment/PollutionPrevention/AirPollution/Pages/Sulphur-oxides-(SOx)-%E2%80%93-Regulation-14.aspx, Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2019.
  • Jastrząbek, A.O., Pawłowska, B., Czermański, E. (2018). Polish sea ports and the Green Port concept. SHS Web of Conferences 57, 01023 (2018), 1-11.
  • Mataracı, G.D.G. (2016). Yeşil Liman Yaklaşımı ve Liman İşletmelerinde Sürdürülebilirlik. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Meark, O. (2014). Shipping Emissions in Ports. OECD International Transport Forum (ITF) Discussion Paper 2014-20, Paris. https://www.itf-oecd.org/sites/default/files/docs/dp201420.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2019.
  • The European Sea Ports Organisation (ESPO). (2012). ESPO Green Guide. https://www.espo.be/media/espopublications/espo_green%20guide_october%202012_final.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2019.
  • Türkiye Liman İşletmecileri Derneği (Türklim). (2013). Yeşil Liman Raporu/Yeşil Liman Politika, Düzenleme ve Uygulamaları. Türkiye Limancılık Sektörü Raporu. http://www.turklim.org/kport/yesil_liman/upload/Yesil-Liman-Turklim-Raporu.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2019.
  • Türk Standartları Enstitüsü (TSE). (2019). Yeşil Liman/Eko Liman. https://www.tse.org.tr/IcerikDetay?ID=2049, Erişim Tarihi: 18.10.2019.
  • UBAK. (2019). “Yeşil Liman / Eko liman projesi” ile ülkemizin ilk "Yeşil Liman" ünvanlı limanı belirlendi.” http://www.ubak.gov.tr/BLSM_WIYS/DTGM/tr/Belgelik/guncel_haber/20150730_140002_64032_1_64480.html, Erişim Tarihi: 18.10.2019.
  • Vaio, V. & Varriale, l. (2017). Management Innovation for Environmental Sustainability in Seaports: Managerial Accounting Instruments and Training for Competitive Green Ports beyond the Regulations. Sustainability 2018, 10(783): 1-35.
  • Zhen, L., Zhue, D., Murong, L., Yan, R., Wang, S. (2019). Operation management of green ports and shipping networks: overview and research opportunities. Frontiers of Engineering Management, 6(2):152-162.

“Yeşil-Eko Liman Yaklaşımı”nın Deniz Ticareti ve Lojistik Sektörüne Katkıları: Türkiye ve AB'deki Uygulamaların Karşılaştırması

Yıl 2019, , 65 - 78, 19.02.2020
https://doi.org/10.26650/JTL.2019.04.02.02

Öz

Dünya mal ticaretinin yaklaşık %85’i denizyoluyla yapılmakta olup ticaret gemileri ve deniz ticaret limanları, uluslararası lojistik, tedarik ve taşımacılık zincirinin en önemli unsurlarını teşkil etmektedir. Bununla birlikte, deniz taşımacılığı faaliyetlerinin hava, su, toprak/sedimetler ve ekosisteme yönelik limanlar ve gemilerden kaynaklanan çeşitli çevresel etkileri de mevcuttur. Son yıllarda, Avrupa limanları başta olmak üzere, Türkiye’de de yaygınlaşmaya başlayan yeşil-eko liman yaklaşımı ile çevre dostu teknolojilerin yaygınlaştırılması, gemi ve liman operasyonlarının çevresel etkilerinin minimize edilmesi, enerji tasarrufu ve sonucunda daha sürdürülebilir bir taşımacılık hedeflenmektedir. Bu çalışmada; yeşil-eko liman yaklaşımının deniz taşımacılığı ve lojistik sektörüne katkılarının incelenmesi ve Türkiye ile Avrupa Birliği (AB)'ndeki uygulamaların karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla; yeşil-eko liman yaklaşımı ile ilgili olarak başta AB düzenlemeleri olmak üzere uluslararası ve ulusal uygulamalar incelenmiş olup Türkiye ve AB’deki uygulamalarının durumuna ilişkin bir karşılaştırma yapılarak Türk limanlarına yönelik uygulamanın geliştirilebilir yönleri belirlenmiş, mevcut yeşil-eko liman uygulamalarının lojistik faaliyetleri ile deniz taşımacılığına yönelik katkıları değerlendirilmiş ve sonuçta bazı öneriler sunulmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Ascencio, L.M., González-Ramírez, R.G., Bearzotti, L.A., Smith, N.R., Camacho-Vallejo, J.F. (2014). A Collaborative Supply Chain Management System for a Maritime Port Logistics Chain. Journal of applied research and technology, 12(3): 444-458.
  • Bichou, K. (2013). Port Operations, Planning and Logistics. Informa Law from Routledge, Oxon, USA. https://content.taylorfrancis.com/books/download?dac=C2011-0-18304-9&isbn=9781317912712&format=googlePreviewPdf, Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2019.
  • Chengpeng, W., Di, Z. Xingping, Y, Zaili, Y. (2018). A novel model for the quantitative evaluation of green port development – A case study of major ports in China. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 61(B): 431-443.
  • Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals (CSCMP). (2013). CSCMP Supply Chain Management Definitions and Glossary (Updated: August 2013). https://cscmp.org/CSCMP/Educate/SCM_Definitions_and_Glossary_of_Terms/CSCMP/Educate/SCM_Definitions_and_Glossary_of_Terms.aspx?hkey=60879588-f65f-4ab5-8c4b-6878815ef921, Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2019.
  • Deniz Ticareti Genel Müdürlüğü (DTGM).(2019). Yeşil Liman. http://www.ubak.gov.tr/BLSM_WIYS/DTGM/tr/HTML/20120817_094504_64032_1_64346.html, Erişim Tarihi: 18.10.2019.
  • EcoPorts. (2019). The Story of EcoPorts Building a Worldwide Network for Sharing Experience in Port Environmental Management. http://www.ecoports.com/assets/files/common/brochures/The_Story_of_EcoPorts-v8-with_pictures.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2019.
  • Elbirlik, G. (2008). Türk Lojistik Sektöründe Denizyolu Taşımacılığının Önemi ve Sorunları. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir.
  • International Maritime Organisation (IMO). (2019a). UN body adopts climate change strategy for shipping. http://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/PressBriefings/Pages/06GHGinitialstrategy.aspx, Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2019.
  • IMO. (2019b). International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL). http://www.imo.org/en/About/Conventions/ListOfConventions/Pages/International-Convention-for-the-Prevention-of-Pollution-from-Ships-(MARPOL).aspx, Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2019.
  • IMO. (2019c). Emission Control Areas (ECAs) designated under MARPOL Annex VI. http://www.imo.org/en/OurWork/Environment/PollutionPrevention/AirPollution/Pages/Emission-Control-Areas-(ECAs)-designated-under-regulation-13-of-MARPOL-Annex-VI-(NOx-emission-control).aspx, Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2019.
  • IMO. (2019ç). Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) – Regulation 13. http://www.imo.org/en/OurWork/Environment/PollutionPrevention/AirPollution/Pages/Nitrogen-oxides-(NOx)-%E2%80%93-Regulation-13.aspx, Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2019.
  • IMO. (2019d). Sulphur oxides (SOx) and Particulate Matter (PM) – Regulation 14. http://www.imo.org/en/OurWork/Environment/PollutionPrevention/AirPollution/Pages/Sulphur-oxides-(SOx)-%E2%80%93-Regulation-14.aspx, Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2019.
  • Jastrząbek, A.O., Pawłowska, B., Czermański, E. (2018). Polish sea ports and the Green Port concept. SHS Web of Conferences 57, 01023 (2018), 1-11.
  • Mataracı, G.D.G. (2016). Yeşil Liman Yaklaşımı ve Liman İşletmelerinde Sürdürülebilirlik. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Meark, O. (2014). Shipping Emissions in Ports. OECD International Transport Forum (ITF) Discussion Paper 2014-20, Paris. https://www.itf-oecd.org/sites/default/files/docs/dp201420.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2019.
  • The European Sea Ports Organisation (ESPO). (2012). ESPO Green Guide. https://www.espo.be/media/espopublications/espo_green%20guide_october%202012_final.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2019.
  • Türkiye Liman İşletmecileri Derneği (Türklim). (2013). Yeşil Liman Raporu/Yeşil Liman Politika, Düzenleme ve Uygulamaları. Türkiye Limancılık Sektörü Raporu. http://www.turklim.org/kport/yesil_liman/upload/Yesil-Liman-Turklim-Raporu.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2019.
  • Türk Standartları Enstitüsü (TSE). (2019). Yeşil Liman/Eko Liman. https://www.tse.org.tr/IcerikDetay?ID=2049, Erişim Tarihi: 18.10.2019.
  • UBAK. (2019). “Yeşil Liman / Eko liman projesi” ile ülkemizin ilk "Yeşil Liman" ünvanlı limanı belirlendi.” http://www.ubak.gov.tr/BLSM_WIYS/DTGM/tr/Belgelik/guncel_haber/20150730_140002_64032_1_64480.html, Erişim Tarihi: 18.10.2019.
  • Vaio, V. & Varriale, l. (2017). Management Innovation for Environmental Sustainability in Seaports: Managerial Accounting Instruments and Training for Competitive Green Ports beyond the Regulations. Sustainability 2018, 10(783): 1-35.
  • Zhen, L., Zhue, D., Murong, L., Yan, R., Wang, S. (2019). Operation management of green ports and shipping networks: overview and research opportunities. Frontiers of Engineering Management, 6(2):152-162.
Toplam 21 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Fatih Yılmaz Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 19 Şubat 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 27 Kasım 2019
Kabul Tarihi 29 Aralık 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019

Kaynak Göster

APA Yılmaz, F. (2020). Contributions of “Green-Ecoport Approach” to Merchant Trade and Logistics: Comparison of Practices in Turkey and the European Union (EU). Journal of Transportation and Logistics, 4(2), 65-78. https://doi.org/10.26650/JTL.2019.04.02.02
AMA Yılmaz F. Contributions of “Green-Ecoport Approach” to Merchant Trade and Logistics: Comparison of Practices in Turkey and the European Union (EU). JTL. Şubat 2020;4(2):65-78. doi:10.26650/JTL.2019.04.02.02
Chicago Yılmaz, Fatih. “Contributions of ‘Green-Ecoport Approach’ to Merchant Trade and Logistics: Comparison of Practices in Turkey and the European Union (EU)”. Journal of Transportation and Logistics 4, sy. 2 (Şubat 2020): 65-78. https://doi.org/10.26650/JTL.2019.04.02.02.
EndNote Yılmaz F (01 Şubat 2020) Contributions of “Green-Ecoport Approach” to Merchant Trade and Logistics: Comparison of Practices in Turkey and the European Union (EU). Journal of Transportation and Logistics 4 2 65–78.
IEEE F. Yılmaz, “Contributions of ‘Green-Ecoport Approach’ to Merchant Trade and Logistics: Comparison of Practices in Turkey and the European Union (EU)”, JTL, c. 4, sy. 2, ss. 65–78, 2020, doi: 10.26650/JTL.2019.04.02.02.
ISNAD Yılmaz, Fatih. “Contributions of ‘Green-Ecoport Approach’ to Merchant Trade and Logistics: Comparison of Practices in Turkey and the European Union (EU)”. Journal of Transportation and Logistics 4/2 (Şubat 2020), 65-78. https://doi.org/10.26650/JTL.2019.04.02.02.
JAMA Yılmaz F. Contributions of “Green-Ecoport Approach” to Merchant Trade and Logistics: Comparison of Practices in Turkey and the European Union (EU). JTL. 2020;4:65–78.
MLA Yılmaz, Fatih. “Contributions of ‘Green-Ecoport Approach’ to Merchant Trade and Logistics: Comparison of Practices in Turkey and the European Union (EU)”. Journal of Transportation and Logistics, c. 4, sy. 2, 2020, ss. 65-78, doi:10.26650/JTL.2019.04.02.02.
Vancouver Yılmaz F. Contributions of “Green-Ecoport Approach” to Merchant Trade and Logistics: Comparison of Practices in Turkey and the European Union (EU). JTL. 2020;4(2):65-78.



The JTL is being published twice (in April and October of) a year, as an official international peer-reviewed journal of the School of Transportation and Logistics at Istanbul University.