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Türkiye orman ürünleri sektörünün döngüsel ekonomi ve endüstriyel simbiyoz bağlamında değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2023, , 1701 - 1723, 29.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.56554/jtom.1169240

Öz

Dünya nüfusunun artması ve teknolojik gelişmeler hızlı kentleşme ve sanayileşmeye yol açmıştır. Ancak artan sanayileşme nedeniyle ortaya çıkan çevre sorunları daha büyük bir endişe haline gelmiştir. Günümüzde birçok ülke, üretime bağlı çevre sorunlarını ortadan kaldırmak için Döngüsel Ekonomi politikalarıyla temiz ve sürdürülebilir üretimi desteklemektedir. Bu ülkeler, Döngüsel Ekonomi bağlamında çeşitli endüstrilerde Endüstriyel Simbiyoz (ES) uygulamalarını desteklemektedir. Orman ürünleri endüstrisi, Dünyadaki başarılı ES uygulamalarının odak noktasındaki sektörlerden biridir. Bu sektörün doğal hammaddelere bağımlılığı, orman varlığının yüksek olduğu ülkeler için bu sektörü daha kritik hale getirmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye'deki orman ürünleri endüstrisinin ES’nin uygulanabilirliğini tartışmaktır. İlk olarak orman ürünleri endüstrisine dayalı Dünya'da yapılmış iyi ES uygulamalarını incelenmiştir. Ardından, bu ES ağlarındaki işbirlikleri ve potansiyel malzeme, yan ürün ve atık akışlarını belirlenmiştir. Bu değerlendirmenin ışığında, ES'nin Türk orman endüstrisi için uygulanabilirliğine ilişkin bir SWOT analizi sunulmuştur. SWOT analizi sonuçları, Türkiye orman ürünleri sektörüne dayalı ES ağları kurmanın mümkün olduğunu göstermektedir. Ancak işletmeler, ES hakkında farkındalık yaratarak bu ağlara katılmaya teşvik edilmelidir. Bu ağlara katılımı artırmak için vergi muafiyetleri, girdi fiyatlarında indirim gibi destekler tasarlanmalıdır.

Kaynakça

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  • Çalik, A. (2021). Bulanık Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleri ile Yeşil Tedarik Zincirindeki Risklerin Karşılaştırılması. Journal of Turkish Operations Management, 5(2), 822-838.
  • da Silva, F. A., Simioni, F. J., and Hoff, D. N. (2020). “Diagnosis of circular economy in the forest sector in southern Brazil.” Science of the Total Environment, 706, 135973.
  • D'amours, S., Rönnqvist, M., and Weintraub, A. (2008). “Using operational research for supply chain planning in the forest products industry.” INFOR: information systems and operational research, 46(4), 265-281.
  • Das, G. S., Yesilkaya, M., Altinkaynak, B., and Birgoren, B. (2021, October). “Modeling an Industrial Symbiosis Network using Bilevel Programming”. In 2021 62nd International Scientific Conference on Information Technology and Management Science of Riga Technical University (ITMS) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
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  • FAO (2020) “Global Forest Resource Assessment”, Forestry Production and Trade, http://www.fao.org/state-of-forests/en/
  • FISSAC (2019) Fostering Industrial Symbiosis for a Sustainable Resource Intensive Industry across the extended Construction Value Chain https://fissacproject.eu/tr/proje/
  • Frosch, R. A., and Gallopoulos, N. E. (1989). “Strategies for manufacturing.” Scien American, 261(3), 144-153.
  • Grann, H. (1997). “The industrial symbiosis at Kalundborg. The Industrial Green Game: Implications for Environmental Design and Management”, National Academy Press, Washington DC, pp117-123.
  • Grimm, N. B., Foster, D., Groffman, P., Grove, J. M., Hopkinson, C. S., Nadelhoffer, K. J., and Peters, D. P. (2008). “The changing landscape: ecosystem responses to urbanization and pollution across climatic and societal gradients.” Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 6(5), 264-272.
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  • Hildebrandt, J., O'Keeffe, S., Bezama, A., and Thrän, D. (2019). “Revealing the Environmental Advantages of Industrial Symbiosis in Wood‐Based Bioeconomy Networks: An Assessment from a Life Cycle Perspective.” Journal of Industrial Ecology, 23(4), 808-822.
  • Iacondini, A., Mencherini, U., Passarini, F., Vassura, I., Fanelli, A., Cibotti, P. (2015). “Feasibility of industrial symbiosis in Italy as an opportunity for economic development: Critical success factor analysis, impact and constrains of the specific Italian regulations.” Waste and Biomass Valorization, 6(5), 865-874.
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Evaluation of the Turkish forest products industry in the context of circular economy and industrial symbiosis

Yıl 2023, , 1701 - 1723, 29.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.56554/jtom.1169240

Öz

The increase in the world population and technological developments have led to rapid urbanization and industrialization. However, environmental problems arising due to increased industrialization have become a greater concern. Today, many countries support clean and sustainable production with Circular Economy policies to eliminate environmental problems related to production. These countries support Industrial Symbiosis (ES) applications across various industries in the context of the Circular Economy. The forest products industry is one of the sectors in the focus of successful ES applications in the world. The dependency of this sector on natural raw materials has made this sector more critical for countries with high forest existence. The aim of this study is to discuss the applicability of ES in the forest products industry in Turkey. First, good ES examples in the world based on the forest products industry are reviewed. Then, collaborations and potential material, by-product and waste flows in these ES networks are determined. In the light of this evaluation, a SWOT analysis on the applicability of ES for the Turkish forest industry is presented. The SWOT analysis results show that it is possible to establish ES networks based on the Turkish forest products sector. However, businesses should be encouraged to participate in these networks by raising awareness about ES. In order to increase participation in these networks, supports such as tax exemptions and reductions in input prices should be designed.

Kaynakça

  • Alkaya, E., Böğürcü, M., Ulutaş, F., & Demirer, G. N. (2012, June). “A new approach to industrial waste recycling in Turkey: Industrial symbiosis in Iskenderun Bay.” In International Conference on Recycling and Reuse (pp. 4-6), Boğaziçi and İstanbul University, 4 - 6 June, 2012, Istanbul, Turkey.
  • ASO, (2017) Orman Ürünleri Sektörünün Türkiye ve Dünyadaki Genel Durumu, Ankara Sanayi Odası (ASO), 2017, Ankara, https://www.aso.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/7.pdf
  • Ayres, R. U. (1989). “Industrial metabolism”. Technology and Environment, 1, 23-49.
  • Carlsson, D., and Rönnqvist, M. (2005). “Supply chain management in forestry––case studies at Södra Cell AB.” European J. of Operational Research, 163(3), 589-616.
  • Cecelja, F., Raafat, T., Trokanas, N., Innes, S., Smith, M., Yang, A., Zorgios, Y., Korkofygas, A., Kokossis, A., (2014), “e-Symbiosis: technology-enabled support for industrial symbiosis targeting small and medium enterprises and innovation”. J. Clean. Prod. 98, 336–352.
  • Chertow, M. R. (2000). “Industrial symbiosis: literature and taxonomy.” Annual Review of Energy and the Environment, 25(1), 313-337.
  • Çalik, A. (2021). Bulanık Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleri ile Yeşil Tedarik Zincirindeki Risklerin Karşılaştırılması. Journal of Turkish Operations Management, 5(2), 822-838.
  • da Silva, F. A., Simioni, F. J., and Hoff, D. N. (2020). “Diagnosis of circular economy in the forest sector in southern Brazil.” Science of the Total Environment, 706, 135973.
  • D'amours, S., Rönnqvist, M., and Weintraub, A. (2008). “Using operational research for supply chain planning in the forest products industry.” INFOR: information systems and operational research, 46(4), 265-281.
  • Das, G. S., Yesilkaya, M., Altinkaynak, B., and Birgoren, B. (2021, October). “Modeling an Industrial Symbiosis Network using Bilevel Programming”. In 2021 62nd International Scientific Conference on Information Technology and Management Science of Riga Technical University (ITMS) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
  • Dunn, B. C., and Steinemann, A. (1998). “Industrial ecology for sustainable communities.” Journal of Environmental Planning and management, 41(6), 661-672.
  • EEA (2016) “European Environment Agency: Waste: a problem or a resource”. http://www.eea.europa.eu/signals/signals-2014/articles/waste-a-problem-or-a-resource. Accessed Mar 2016
  • EPA (2014), U.S. “Environmental Protection Agency, Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Recycling, and Disposal” in the United States: Facts and Figures for 2011, 2014, http://www.epa.gov/osw/nonhaz/municipal/pubs/msw2009-fs.pdf
  • European Commission (2016): “Circular Economy Package: Questions and Answers. Guidance Document.” http://europa.eu/rapid/pressrelease_MEMO-15-6204_en.htm. Accessed 15 May 2016
  • EUROSTAT, (2014) “Municipal waste statistics,” http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/ statistics_explained/index.php/Municipal_waste_statistics
  • FAO (1982) “Classification and definitions of forest product.” Technical report, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Supplement 14 to Volume XXXIV of the Timber Bulletin for Europe, Geneva, Switzerland., 1982.
  • FAO (2020) “Global Forest Resource Assessment”, Forestry Production and Trade, http://www.fao.org/state-of-forests/en/
  • FISSAC (2019) Fostering Industrial Symbiosis for a Sustainable Resource Intensive Industry across the extended Construction Value Chain https://fissacproject.eu/tr/proje/
  • Frosch, R. A., and Gallopoulos, N. E. (1989). “Strategies for manufacturing.” Scien American, 261(3), 144-153.
  • Grann, H. (1997). “The industrial symbiosis at Kalundborg. The Industrial Green Game: Implications for Environmental Design and Management”, National Academy Press, Washington DC, pp117-123.
  • Grimm, N. B., Foster, D., Groffman, P., Grove, J. M., Hopkinson, C. S., Nadelhoffer, K. J., and Peters, D. P. (2008). “The changing landscape: ecosystem responses to urbanization and pollution across climatic and societal gradients.” Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 6(5), 264-272.
  • Herczeg, G., Akkerman, R., and Hauschild, M. Z. (2018). Supply chain collaboration in industrial symbiosis networks. Journal of Cleaner Production, 171, 1058-1067.
  • Hildebrandt, J., O'Keeffe, S., Bezama, A., and Thrän, D. (2019). “Revealing the Environmental Advantages of Industrial Symbiosis in Wood‐Based Bioeconomy Networks: An Assessment from a Life Cycle Perspective.” Journal of Industrial Ecology, 23(4), 808-822.
  • Iacondini, A., Mencherini, U., Passarini, F., Vassura, I., Fanelli, A., Cibotti, P. (2015). “Feasibility of industrial symbiosis in Italy as an opportunity for economic development: Critical success factor analysis, impact and constrains of the specific Italian regulations.” Waste and Biomass Valorization, 6(5), 865-874.
  • Illsley, B., Jackson, T., and Lynch, B. (2007). “Addressing Scottish rural fuel poverty through a regional industrial symbiosis strategy for the Scottish forest industries sector.” Geoforum, 38(1), 21-32.
  • ISO (2020) İstanbul Sanayi Odası (İSO), Türkiye'nin 500 Büyük Sanayi Kuruluşu https://www.iso500.org.tr/500-buyuk-sanayi-kurulusu/2020/ (Erişim: 20.05.2021)
  • ITC (2020), International Trade Center (ITC), Trade Statistics for İnternational Business Development. http://www.trademap.org
  • Jackson, T. (2005). “Exploring the economics of industrial ecology through case studies of industrial symbiosis in the forest industries of British Columbia and Scotland.” Progress in Industrial Ecology, An International Journal, 2(2), 166-184.
  • Jacobsen, N. B. (2006). “Industrial symbiosis in Kalundborg, Denmark: a quantitative assessment of economic and environmental aspects.” Journal of Industrial Ecology, 10(1‐2), 239-255.
  • Jahan-Latibari, A., and Roohnia, M. (2010). “Potential of utilization of the residues from poplar plantation for particleboard production in Iran.” Journal of Forestry Research, 21(4), 503-508.
  • Kalkınma Bakanlığı, (2018) On Birinci Kalkınma Planı Ormancılık ve Orman Ürünleri Çalışma Grubu Raporu, T.C. Kalkınma Bakanlığı, 2018, Ankara. https://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Ormancilik_ve_Orman_UrunleriCalismaGrubuRaporu.pdf
  • Karlsson, M., and Wolf, A. (2008). “Using an optimization model to evaluate the economic benefits of industrial symbiosis in the forest industry.” Journal of Cleaner Production, 16(14), 1536-1544.
  • Kauppi, P. E., Sandström, V., and Lipponen, A. (2018). “Forest resources of nations in relation to human well-being.” PloS one, 13(5), e0196248.
  • Kirchherr, J., Reike, D., and Hekkert, M. (2017). “Conceptualizing the circular economy: An analysis of 114 definitions.” Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 127, 221-232.
  • Kjeldsen, P., Barlaz, M. A., Rooker, A. P., Baun, A., Ledin, A., and Christensen, T. H. (2002). “Present and long-term composition of MSW landfill leachate: a review.” Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 32(4), 297-336.
  • Korhonen, J. (2000). “Completing the industrial ecology cascade chain in the case of a paper industry–SME potential in industrial ecology.” Eco‐Management and Auditing: The Journal of Corporate Environmental Management, 7(1), 11-20.
  • Korhonen, J., and Niutanen, V. (2003). “Material and energy flows of a local forest industry system in Finland.” Sustainable Development, 11(3), 121-132.
  • Korhonen, J., and Snäkin, J. P. (2003). “Industrial ecosystem evolution of North Karelia heating energy system.” Regional Environmental Change, 3(4), 128-139.
  • Korhonen, J., and Snäkin, J. P. (2005). “Analysing the evolution of industrial ecosystems: concepts and application.” Ecological Economics, 52(2), 169-186.
  • Korhonen, J., Wihersaari, M., and Savolainen, I. (2001). Industrial ecosystem in the Finnish forest industry: using the material and energy flow model of a forest ecosystem in a forest industry system. Ecological Economics, 39(1), 145-161.
  • Learned, E. P., Andrews, K. R., Christensen, C. R., Guth, W. D. (1969). “Business policy: Text and cases.” RD Irwin.
  • Li, J., Pan, S. Y., Kim, H., Linn, J. H., Chiang, P. C. (2015). “Building green supply chains in eco-industrial parks towards a green economy: Barriers and strategies.” J. of Environmental Manag., 162, 158-170.
  • Long, Z., Wu, J., Xu, W., and Lin, W. (2018). “Study of the coordination mechanism of a wood processing residue-based reverse supply chain.” BioResources, 13(2), 2562-2577.
  • Lowe, E. A. (1997). “Creating by-product resource exchanges: strategies for eco-industrial parks.” Journal of Cleaner Production, 5(1-2), 57-65.
  • Mirata, M. (2004). “Experiences from early stages of a national industrial symbiosis programme in the UK: determinants and coordination challenges.” Journal of Cleaner Production, 12(8-10), 967-983.
  • Mirata, M., and Emtairah, T. (2005). “Industrial symbiosis networks and the contribution to environmental innovation: The case of the Landskrona industrial symbiosis programme.” J. of Cleaner Production, 13(10-11), 993-1002.
  • Murphy, F., Devlin, G., and McDonnell, K. (2015). “Greenhouse gas and energy based life cycle analysis of products from the Irish wood processing industry.” Journal of Cleaner Production, 92, 134-141.
  • NISP, (2019), National Industrial Symbiosis Program (NISP), A Roadmap for a National Industrial Symbiosis Programme for Turkey, International Synergies Limited, 2019, Ankara. , https://www.aso.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/2019Mar25_Draft-Roadmap-for-a-National-lS-Programme-in-Turkey.pdf
  • OGM (2020) T.C. Orman Genel Müdürlüğü (OGM), İşletme ve Pazarlama Dairesi Başkanliği, Oduna Dayali Orman Ürünlerinin Üretim ve Pazarlama Faaliyetler, https://www.ogm.gov.tr
  • O'Rourke, D., Connelly, L., and Koshland, C. P. (1996). “Industrial ecology: a critical review.” International Journal of Environment and Pollution, 6(2-3), 89-112.
  • Paixao Cansado, I. P., Belo, C. R., and Mourão, P. A. M. (2018). “Valorization of Tectona Grandis tree sawdust through the production of high activated carbon for environment applications”. Bioresource Technology, 249, 328-333.
  • Pakarinen, S., Mattila, T., Melanen, M., Nissinen, A., and Sokka, L. (2010). “Sustainability and industrial symbiosis—The evolution of a Finnish forest industry complex.” Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 54(12), 1393-1404.
  • Park, H. S., Rene, E. R., Choi, S. M., and Chiu, A. S. (2008). “Strategies for sustainable development of industrial park in Ulsan, South Korea—From spontaneous evolution to systematic expansion of industrial symbiosis.” Journal of Environmental Management, 87(1), 1-13.
  • Pokharel, R., Grala, R. K., and Grebner, D. L. (2017). “Woody residue utilization for bioenergy by primary forest products manufacturers: An exploratory analysis.” Forest Policy and Economics, 85, 161-171.
  • Polverini, D., and Miretti, U. (2019). “An approach for the techno-economic assessment of circular economy requirements under the Ecodesign Directive“ Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 150, 104425.
  • Rosa, M., and Beloborodko, A. (2015). “A decision support method for development of industrial synergies: case studies of Latvian brewery and wood-processing industries”. J. of Cleaner Prod., 105, 461-470.
  • Satterthwaite, D. (2008). “Cities' contribution to global warming: notes on the allocation of greenhouse gas emissions.” Environment and Urbanization, 20(2), 539-549.
  • Schwarz, E. J., and Steininger, K. W. (1997). “Implementing nature's lesson: the industrial recycling network enhancing regional development.” Journal of Cleaner Production, 5(1-2), 47-56.
  • Shahi, S., and Pulkki, R. (2013). “Supply chain network optimization of the Canadian forest products industry: A critical review.” American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 3(07), 631.
  • Shell (2014), International BV, New Lenses on Future Cities, [online] 2014, available from: http://s05.static-shell.com/content/dam/shell
  • Sokka, L., Lehtoranta, S., Nissinen, A., and Melanen, M. (2011a). “Analyzing the environmental benefits of industrial symbiosis: life cycle assessment applied to a Finnish forest industry complex.” Journal of Industrial Ecology, 15(1), 137-155.
  • Sokka, L., Pakarinen, S., Melanen, M. (2011b). “Industrial symbiosis contributing to more sustainable energy use–an example from the forest industry in Kymenlaakso, Finland.” J. of Cleaner Prod., 19(4), 285-293
  • SYMNET (2019) Industrial Symbiosis Network for Environment Protection and Sustainable Development in Black Sea Basin, SYMNET https://www.msp-platform.eu/projects/industrial-symbiosis-network-environment-protection-and-sustainable-development-black (Erişim tarihi 27.09.2019)
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  • TOBB, (2015) Türkiye Odalar ve Borsalar Birliği (TOBB), Türkiye Orman Ürünleri Meclisi Sektör Raporu, TOBB, 2015, Ankara.
  • Turken, N., and Geda, A. (2020). “Supply chain implications of industrial symbiosis: A review and avenues for future research.” Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 161, 104974.
  • URL, (2019) Ormancılık Sektör Raporu, Tarım-Orman Çalışanları Birliği Sendikası, 2019, Ankara, https://www.tocbirsen.org.tr/uploads/documents/sekt%C3%B6rraporu++_(1).pdf
  • Wahrlich, J and Flavio Jose Simioni. “Industrial symbiosis in the forestry sector: A case study in southern Brazil.” Journal of Industrial Ecology, 23(6):1470-1482, 2019.
  • Wang, Y. F., Yu, W. J., and Ji, F. (2010). “Present situation on recycle utilization of waste wood materials.” Wood Processing Machinery, 21(2), 37-40.
  • Wernick, I. K., Waggoner, P. E., and Ausubel, J. H. (1997). “Searching for leverage to conserve forests: The industrial ecology of wood products in the United States.” Journal of Industrial Ecology, 1(3), 125-145.
  • Wolf, A., and Karlsson, M. (2008). “Evaluating the environmental benefits of industrial symbiosis: discussion and demonstration of a new approach.” Progress in Industrial Ecology, 5(5-6), 502-517.
  • Wolf, A., and Petersson, K. (2007). “Industrial symbiosis in the Swedish forest industry.” Progress in Industrial Ecology, an International Journal, 4(5), 348-362.
  • World Bank (2012), “Information, Communication Technologies, and infoDev (Program)”. (2012). Information and communications for development 2012: Maximizing mobile. World Bank Publications.
  • Yeşi̇lkaya, M., Daş, G. S., and Türker, A. K. (2020). “A multi-objective multi-period mathematical model for an industrial symbiosis network based on the forest products industry.” Computers & Industrial Engineering, 150, 106883.
  • Yu, F., Han, F., and Cui, Z. (2015a). “Assessment of life cycle environmental benefits of an industrial symbiosis cluster in China.” Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22(7), 5511-5518.
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  • Zarali, F. (2021). Intuitionistic fuzzy green supplier selection and an application in the machine manufacturing sector. Journal of Turkish Operations Management, 5(1), 676-687.
  • Zhu, Q., Lowe, E. A., Wei, Y. A., and Barnes, D. (2007). “Industrial symbiosis in China: a case study of the Guitang Group.” Journal of Industrial Ecology, 11(1), 31-42.
Toplam 78 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Endüstri Mühendisliği
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Murat Yeşilkaya 0000-0002-4440-1311

G. Sena Daş 0000-0002-7865-3162

Mehmet Fatih Yaşin 0000-0002-8656-7264

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Aralık 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 31 Ağustos 2022
Kabul Tarihi 10 Nisan 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023

Kaynak Göster

APA Yeşilkaya, M., Daş, G. S., & Yaşin, M. F. (2023). Türkiye orman ürünleri sektörünün döngüsel ekonomi ve endüstriyel simbiyoz bağlamında değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Turkish Operations Management, 7(2), 1701-1723. https://doi.org/10.56554/jtom.1169240
AMA Yeşilkaya M, Daş GS, Yaşin MF. Türkiye orman ürünleri sektörünün döngüsel ekonomi ve endüstriyel simbiyoz bağlamında değerlendirilmesi. JTOM. Aralık 2023;7(2):1701-1723. doi:10.56554/jtom.1169240
Chicago Yeşilkaya, Murat, G. Sena Daş, ve Mehmet Fatih Yaşin. “Türkiye Orman ürünleri sektörünün döngüsel Ekonomi Ve endüstriyel Simbiyoz bağlamında değerlendirilmesi”. Journal of Turkish Operations Management 7, sy. 2 (Aralık 2023): 1701-23. https://doi.org/10.56554/jtom.1169240.
EndNote Yeşilkaya M, Daş GS, Yaşin MF (01 Aralık 2023) Türkiye orman ürünleri sektörünün döngüsel ekonomi ve endüstriyel simbiyoz bağlamında değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Turkish Operations Management 7 2 1701–1723.
IEEE M. Yeşilkaya, G. S. Daş, ve M. F. Yaşin, “Türkiye orman ürünleri sektörünün döngüsel ekonomi ve endüstriyel simbiyoz bağlamında değerlendirilmesi”, JTOM, c. 7, sy. 2, ss. 1701–1723, 2023, doi: 10.56554/jtom.1169240.
ISNAD Yeşilkaya, Murat vd. “Türkiye Orman ürünleri sektörünün döngüsel Ekonomi Ve endüstriyel Simbiyoz bağlamında değerlendirilmesi”. Journal of Turkish Operations Management 7/2 (Aralık 2023), 1701-1723. https://doi.org/10.56554/jtom.1169240.
JAMA Yeşilkaya M, Daş GS, Yaşin MF. Türkiye orman ürünleri sektörünün döngüsel ekonomi ve endüstriyel simbiyoz bağlamında değerlendirilmesi. JTOM. 2023;7:1701–1723.
MLA Yeşilkaya, Murat vd. “Türkiye Orman ürünleri sektörünün döngüsel Ekonomi Ve endüstriyel Simbiyoz bağlamında değerlendirilmesi”. Journal of Turkish Operations Management, c. 7, sy. 2, 2023, ss. 1701-23, doi:10.56554/jtom.1169240.
Vancouver Yeşilkaya M, Daş GS, Yaşin MF. Türkiye orman ürünleri sektörünün döngüsel ekonomi ve endüstriyel simbiyoz bağlamında değerlendirilmesi. JTOM. 2023;7(2):1701-23.

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