Türkiye orman ürünleri sektörünün döngüsel ekonomi ve endüstriyel simbiyoz bağlamında değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Dünya nüfusunun artması ve teknolojik gelişmeler hızlı kentleşme ve sanayileşmeye yol açmıştır. Ancak artan sanayileşme nedeniyle ortaya çıkan çevre sorunları daha büyük bir endişe haline gelmiştir. Günümüzde birçok ülke, üretime bağlı çevre sorunlarını ortadan kaldırmak için Döngüsel Ekonomi politikalarıyla temiz ve sürdürülebilir üretimi desteklemektedir. Bu ülkeler, Döngüsel Ekonomi bağlamında çeşitli endüstrilerde Endüstriyel Simbiyoz (ES) uygulamalarını desteklemektedir. Orman ürünleri endüstrisi, Dünyadaki başarılı ES uygulamalarının odak noktasındaki sektörlerden biridir. Bu sektörün doğal hammaddelere bağımlılığı, orman varlığının yüksek olduğu ülkeler için bu sektörü daha kritik hale getirmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye'deki orman ürünleri endüstrisinin ES’nin uygulanabilirliğini tartışmaktır. İlk olarak orman ürünleri endüstrisine dayalı Dünya'da yapılmış iyi ES uygulamalarını incelenmiştir. Ardından, bu ES ağlarındaki işbirlikleri ve potansiyel malzeme, yan ürün ve atık akışlarını belirlenmiştir. Bu değerlendirmenin ışığında, ES'nin Türk orman endüstrisi için uygulanabilirliğine ilişkin bir SWOT analizi sunulmuştur. SWOT analizi sonuçları, Türkiye orman ürünleri sektörüne dayalı ES ağları kurmanın mümkün olduğunu göstermektedir. Ancak işletmeler, ES hakkında farkındalık yaratarak bu ağlara katılmaya teşvik edilmelidir. Bu ağlara katılımı artırmak için vergi muafiyetleri, girdi fiyatlarında indirim gibi destekler tasarlanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Endüstriyel simbiyoz
• Eko-endüstriyel park
• Orman ürünleri endüstrisi
• SWOT analizi

Evaluation of the Turkish forest products industry in the context of circular economy and industrial symbiosis

Öz

The increase in the world population and technological developments have led to rapid urbanization and industrialization. However, environmental problems arising due to increased industrialization have become a greater concern. Today, many countries support clean and sustainable production with Circular Economy policies to eliminate environmental problems related to production. These countries support Industrial Symbiosis (ES) applications across various industries in the context of the Circular Economy. The forest products industry is one of the sectors in the focus of successful ES applications in the world. The dependency of this sector on natural raw materials has made this sector more critical for countries with high forest existence. The aim of this study is to discuss the applicability of ES in the forest products industry in Turkey. First, good ES examples in the world based on the forest products industry are reviewed. Then, collaborations and potential material, by-product and waste flows in these ES networks are determined. In the light of this evaluation, a SWOT analysis on the applicability of ES for the Turkish forest industry is presented. The SWOT analysis results show that it is possible to establish ES networks based on the Turkish forest products sector. However, businesses should be encouraged to participate in these networks by raising awareness about ES. In order to increase participation in these networks, supports such as tax exemptions and reductions in input prices should be designed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Industrial symbiosis
• Eco-industrial park
• Forest product industry
• SWOT analysis

Kaynakça

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