A new risk assessment method based on the probability of human error: SPC-HEART

Öz

It is crucial to minimize the probability of errors made by health professionals. The extent of this probability is considerably affected by task types, physical conditions of working environment, workload and working conditions. Moreover, it varies according to physical and mental characteristics of health staff. Thus, there are different risk levels for the tasks performed in the sector depending on the probability of human error. It is also possible to improve the quality of health services by appropriately matching health professionals with a specific task according to these risk levels and balancing workloads accordingly. This study proposes SPC-HEART method, which is a new type of HEART model based on SWARA and PCA methods, in order to explore probability of human errors made by health professions. The EPCs’ importance weights were calculated by employing SWARA method and the combined effect of physical and mental workload factors for each employee were determined by using PCA method. As a result, a proactive human error prevention approach has been developed in order to evaluate error making potentials of each employee separately. The effectiveness of the proposed approach has been proven by real practices with nurses.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Human Error
• HEART
• SWARA
• PCA
• Risk evaluation

İnsan hata yapma olasılığına dayanan yeni bir risk değerlendirme metodu: SPC-HEART

Öz

Çalışanların hata yapma potansiyellerinin azaltılması iş sağlığı ve güvenliğinin artırılması ve dolayısıyla iş veriminin ve kalitesinin artırılması için son derece önemlidir. Hata yapma potansiyeli, çalışanların yerine getirdikleri görevlere, çalışma ortamına, iş yüklerine ve iş koşullarına bağlıdır. Ayrıca her çalışanın görev bazında hata yapma olasılığı kişinin fiziksel ve zihinsel özellikleri bakımından farklılık göstermektedir. Hata yapma olasılıklarına bağlı olarak görevlerin farklı risk düzeyleri mevcuttur. Bu risk düzeylerine göre çalışanlara görev atanması ve iş yüklerinin dengelenmesi iş kazalarını azaltacak ve verimliliğin artmasına neden olacaktır. Bu çalışmada, görev bazında hata yapma olasılıklarına bağlı olarak risk değerlendirilmesi için SWARA ve PCA tabanlı yeni bir HEART yöntemi olan SPC-HEART yöntemi önerilmiştir. Karar vericilerin görüşleri dikkate alınarak hata üreten koşulların önem ağırlıkları SWARA yöntemi ile belirlenirken; her bir çalışan için fiziksel ve zihinsel iş yükü faktörlerinin bileşke etkisi PCA yöntemi ile ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Her bir çalışan için görev bazında hata potansiyellerini hesaplayan proaktif bir risk önleme yaklaşımı elde önerilmiştir. Önerilen yaklaşımın etkinliği hemşireler üzerinde yapılan bir gerçek hayat uygulaması ile gösterilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İnsan Hatası
• HEART
• SWARA
• PCA
• Risk Değerlendirme

Kaynakça

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