Araştırma Makalesi

GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL OPERATOR ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-OPERATOR) THEORY IN GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL SPACES ($\mathcal{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}$-Spaces)\\ Part V. GENERALIZED EXTERIOR ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-EXTERIOR) AND GENERALIZED FRONTIER ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-FRONTIER) OPERATORS

Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1 20 Haziran 2026
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GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL OPERATOR ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-OPERATOR) THEORY IN GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL SPACES ($\mathcal{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}$-Spaces)\\ Part V. GENERALIZED EXTERIOR ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-EXTERIOR) AND GENERALIZED FRONTIER ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-FRONTIER) OPERATORS

Öz

In a generalized topological space $\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}} = \left(\Omega,\mathcal{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}\right)$ ($\mathcal{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}$-space), $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-Int}_{\mathfrak{g}}$, $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-Cl}_{\mathfrak{g}}: \mathcal{P}\left(\Omega\right) \longrightarrow \mathcal{P}\left(\Omega\right)$ ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}}_{\mathfrak{g}}$-interior and $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}}_{\mathfrak{g}}$-closure operators) and $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-Der}_{\mathfrak{g}}$, $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-Cod}_{\mathfrak{g}}: \mathcal{P}\left(\Omega\right) \longrightarrow \mathcal{P}\left(\Omega\right)$ ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}}_{\mathfrak{g}}$-derived and $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}}_{\mathfrak{g}}$-coderived operators) are pairs of generalized topological operators which may be employed to topologize the underlying set $\Omega$ or to give characterizations of generalized operations in the generalized sense. Generalized exterior and generalized frontier operators $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-Ext}_{\mathfrak{g}}$, $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-Fr}_{\mathfrak{g}}: \mathcal{P}\left(\Omega\right) \longrightarrow \mathcal{P}\left(\Omega\right)$ ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}}_{\mathfrak{g}}$-exterior and $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}}_{\mathfrak{g}}$-frontier operators), respectively, are other generalized topological operators by means of which characterizations of generalized operations under $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-Int}_{\mathfrak{g}}$, $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-Cl}_{\mathfrak{g}}: \mathcal{P}\left(\Omega\right) \longrightarrow \mathcal{P}\left(\Omega\right)$ can be given without even realizing generalized interior and generalized closure operations first in order to topologize $\Omega$ in the generalized sense. In two papers, we introduced the definitions and studied the essential properties and commutativity of $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-Int}_{\mathfrak{g}}$, $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-Cl}_{\mathfrak{g}}: \mathcal{P}\left(\Omega\right) \longrightarrow \mathcal{P}\left(\Omega\right)$ ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}}_{\mathfrak{g}}$-interior} and $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}}_{\mathfrak{g}}$-closure operators) in $\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}$. In another two papers, we introduced the definitions and studied the essential properties of $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-Der}_{\mathfrak{g}}$, $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-Cod}_{\mathfrak{g}}: \mathcal{P}\left(\Omega\right) \longrightarrow \mathcal{P}\left(\Omega\right)$ ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}}_{\mathfrak{g}}$-derived and $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}}_{\mathfrak{g}}$-coderived operators) in $\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}$. Moreover, we also defined by transfinite recursion on the class of successor ordinals the $\delta^{\operatorname{th}}$-iterates $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-Der}_{\mathfrak{g}}^{\left(\delta\right)}$, $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-Cod}_{\mathfrak{g}}^{\left(\delta\right)}: \mathcal{P}\left(\Omega\right) \longrightarrow \mathcal{P}\left(\Omega\right)$ ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}^{\left(\delta\right)}}$-derived and $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}^{\left(\delta\right)}}$-coderived operators) of $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-Der}_{\mathfrak{g}}$, $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-Cod}_{\mathfrak{g}}: \mathcal{P}\left(\Omega\right) \longrightarrow \mathcal{P}\left(\Omega\right)$, respectively, and study their basic properties in a $\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}$. In this paper, we present novel definitions of generalized exterior and generalized frontier operators $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-Ext}_{\mathfrak{g}}$, $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-Fr}_{\mathfrak{g}}: \mathcal{P}\left(\Omega\right) \longrightarrow \mathcal{P}\left(\Omega\right)$, respectively, study their essential properties, and establish further characterizations of generalized operations under $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-Ext}_{\mathfrak{g}}$, $\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-Fr}_{\mathfrak{g}}: \mathcal{P}\left(\Omega\right) \longrightarrow \mathcal{P}\left(\Omega\right)$ in $\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}$.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. M. I. Khodabocus, N. -U. -H. Sookia, Generalized Topological Operator Theory in Generalized Topological Spaces: Part II. Generalized Interior and Generalized Closure, Proceedings of International Mathematical Sciences, vol. 5, N. 1, pp. 37-62 (2023).
  2. M. I. Khodabocus, N. -U. -H. Sookia, Generalized Topological Operator Theory in Generalized Topological Spaces: Part I. Generalized Interior and Generalized Closure, Proceedings of International Mathematical Sciences, vol. 5, N. 1, pp. 17-36 (2023).
  3. M. I. Khodabocus, N. -U. -H. Sookia, R. D. Somanah Generalized Topological Operator (g-Tg-Operator) Theory in Generalized Topological Spaces (Tg-spaces): Part IV. Generalized Derived (g-Tg-Derived) and Generalized Coderived (g-Tg-Coderived) Operators, Journal of Universal Mathematics, vol. 7, N. 2, pp. 128-165 (2024).
  4. M. I. Khodabocus, N. -U. -H. Sookia, R. D. Somanah Generalized Topological Operator (g-Tg-Operator) Theory in Generalized Topological Spaces (Tg-spaces): Part III. Generalized Derived (g-Tg-Derived) and Generalized Coderived (g-Tg-Coderived) Operators, Journal of Universal Mathematics, vol. 6, N. 2, pp. 183-220 (2023).
  5. J. Dixmier, General Topology, Springer Verlag New York Inc., vol. 1, pp. X, 1-141 (1984).
  6. H. Gabai, The Exterior Operator and Boundary Operator, The American Mathematical Monthly, vol. 71, N. 9, pp. 1029–1031 (1964).
  7. C. Kuratowski, Sur l’Operation A de l’Analyse Situs, Fund. Math., vol. 3, pp. 182–199 (1922).
  8. N. Levine, On the Commutivity of the Closure and Interior Operators in Topological Spaces, Amer. Math. Monthly, vol. 68, N. 5, pp. 474–477 (1961).

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Topoloji

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

20 Haziran 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

19 Mart 2026

Kabul Tarihi

2 Haziran 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA
Khodabocus, M. I., & Sookıa, N.-U.-H. (2026). GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL OPERATOR ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-OPERATOR) THEORY IN GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL SPACES ($\mathcal{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}$-Spaces)\\ Part V. GENERALIZED EXTERIOR ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-EXTERIOR) AND GENERALIZED FRONTIER ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-FRONTIER) OPERATORS. Journal of Universal Mathematics, 9(1), 46-77. https://doi.org/10.33773/jum.1913242
AMA
1.Khodabocus MI, Sookıa NUH. GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL OPERATOR ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-OPERATOR) THEORY IN GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL SPACES ($\mathcal{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}$-Spaces)\\ Part V. GENERALIZED EXTERIOR ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-EXTERIOR) AND GENERALIZED FRONTIER ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-FRONTIER) OPERATORS. JUM. 2026;9(1):46-77. doi:10.33773/jum.1913242
Chicago
Khodabocus, Mohammad Irshad, ve Noor-Ul-Hacq Sookıa. 2026. “GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL OPERATOR ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-OPERATOR) THEORY IN GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL SPACES ($\mathcal{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}$-Spaces)\\ Part V. GENERALIZED EXTERIOR ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-EXTERIOR) AND GENERALIZED FRONTIER ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-FRONTIER) OPERATORS”. Journal of Universal Mathematics 9 (1): 46-77. https://doi.org/10.33773/jum.1913242.
EndNote
Khodabocus MI, Sookıa N-U-H (01 Haziran 2026) GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL OPERATOR ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-OPERATOR) THEORY IN GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL SPACES ($\mathcal{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}$-Spaces)\\ Part V. GENERALIZED EXTERIOR ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-EXTERIOR) AND GENERALIZED FRONTIER ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-FRONTIER) OPERATORS. Journal of Universal Mathematics 9 1 46–77.
IEEE
[1]M. I. Khodabocus ve N.-U.-H. Sookıa, “GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL OPERATOR ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-OPERATOR) THEORY IN GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL SPACES ($\mathcal{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}$-Spaces)\\ Part V. GENERALIZED EXTERIOR ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-EXTERIOR) AND GENERALIZED FRONTIER ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-FRONTIER) OPERATORS”, JUM, c. 9, sy 1, ss. 46–77, Haz. 2026, doi: 10.33773/jum.1913242.
ISNAD
Khodabocus, Mohammad Irshad - Sookıa, Noor-Ul-Hacq. “GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL OPERATOR ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-OPERATOR) THEORY IN GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL SPACES ($\mathcal{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}$-Spaces)\\ Part V. GENERALIZED EXTERIOR ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-EXTERIOR) AND GENERALIZED FRONTIER ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-FRONTIER) OPERATORS”. Journal of Universal Mathematics 9/1 (01 Haziran 2026): 46-77. https://doi.org/10.33773/jum.1913242.
JAMA
1.Khodabocus MI, Sookıa N-U-H. GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL OPERATOR ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-OPERATOR) THEORY IN GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL SPACES ($\mathcal{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}$-Spaces)\\ Part V. GENERALIZED EXTERIOR ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-EXTERIOR) AND GENERALIZED FRONTIER ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-FRONTIER) OPERATORS. JUM. 2026;9:46–77.
MLA
Khodabocus, Mohammad Irshad, ve Noor-Ul-Hacq Sookıa. “GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL OPERATOR ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-OPERATOR) THEORY IN GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL SPACES ($\mathcal{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}$-Spaces)\\ Part V. GENERALIZED EXTERIOR ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-EXTERIOR) AND GENERALIZED FRONTIER ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-FRONTIER) OPERATORS”. Journal of Universal Mathematics, c. 9, sy 1, Haziran 2026, ss. 46-77, doi:10.33773/jum.1913242.
Vancouver
1.Mohammad Irshad Khodabocus, Noor-Ul-Hacq Sookıa. GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL OPERATOR ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-OPERATOR) THEORY IN GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL SPACES ($\mathcal{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}$-Spaces)\\ Part V. GENERALIZED EXTERIOR ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-EXTERIOR) AND GENERALIZED FRONTIER ($\operatorname{\mathfrak{g}-\mathfrak{T}_{\mathfrak{g}}}$-FRONTIER) OPERATORS. JUM. 01 Haziran 2026;9(1):46-77. doi:10.33773/jum.1913242