Finansal Gelişmenin Yenilenebilir Enerji Tüketimine Etkisinin Toplamsal Olmayan Sabit Etkili Panel Kantil Yöntemiyle Analizi: CIVETS Ülkelerinden Ampirik Kanıtlar

Öz

Doğal kaynakların bilinçsizce ve aşırı tüketimi, sanayileşme, ormansızlaşma ve benzeri faktörler çevresel sürdürülebilirliğin küresel düzeyde tehdidine yol açmaktadır. Çevresel bozulma sürecinin uluslararası boyutta hissedilmesiyle beraber ülkelerin bu süreci yavaşlatmaya veya durdurmaya yönelik önlemler aldığı bilinmektedir. Fosil yakıtların ciddi çevresel hasarlara yol açması, temiz enerji kaynakları olarak da tanımlanan yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına olan ilgiyi artırmıştır. Bu artan ilgiyle beraber yenilenebilir enerji tüketiminin belirleyicilerine yönelik araştırmaların arttığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada CIVETS ülkelerinde finansal gelişmenin yenilenebilir enerji tüketime etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Belirtilen bu amaç kapsamında CIVETS ülkeleri olarak bilinen Kolombiya, Endonezya, Vietnam, Mısır, Türkiye ve Güney Afrika’ya ait 1990-2018 dönemini kapsayan yıllık veriler analize dahil edilmiştir. Bağımlı değişken olarak yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi, finansal gelişmişlik göstergesi ve bağımsız değişken olarak da IMF tarafından yayınlanan Finansal Gelişmişlik Endeksi kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca doğrudan yabancı yatırım girişleri ve ekonomik büyüme gibi bağımsız değişkenler de çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Çalışmada analizlerin gerçekleştirilmesinde Powell (2016) tarafından geliştirilen güncel bir yaklaşım olarak Toplamsal Olmayan Sabit Etkili Panel Kantil yönteminden faydalanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler neticesinde CIVETS ülkelerinde tüm kantil düzeyleri için finansal gelişmenin yenilenebilir enerji tüketimini negatif yönde etkilediği bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Finansal Gelişme
• Yenilenebilir Enerji Tüketimi
• Toplamsal Olmayan Sabit Etkili Panel Kantil Regresyon Yöntemi

Kaynakça

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