Endüstri 5.0 ve Döngüsel Ekonomi Yakınsaması: Bibliyometrik Analiz ve Tematik Evrim

Öz

Bu çalışma, Scopus ve Web of Science veritabanlarından elde edilen 61 hakemli yayının (2021-2024) bibliyometrik analizi ve konu modellemesi yoluyla Endüstri 5.0 ve Döngüsel Ekonomi (DE) paradigmaları arasındaki araştırma manzarasını ve tematik yakınsamayı incelemektedir. Araştırma, bu iki yeni paradigmanın çağdaş akademik literatürdeki kesişimini anlamak için teorik temellerini, tematik evrimini ve entegrasyon kalıplarını incelemektedir. Metodoloji, araştırma eğilimlerini, işbirliği kalıplarını ve literatür içindeki gizli tematik yapıları tanımlamak için R'da Bibliometrix kullanarak bibliyometrik analiz ve Python'da Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) konu modellemesi kullanmıştır.Bibliyometrik analiz, %104.08'lik yıllık yayın oranı ile araştırma ilgisinde önemli bir büyüme ve güçlü uluslararası işbirliği (%37.7 ortak yazarlık oranı) ortaya koymaktadır. Konu modellemesinden dört farklı araştırma teması ortaya çıkmıştır: Akıllı Sürdürülebilir Sistemler (%4.18), dijitalleşme ve tedarik zinciri entegrasyonunu vurgulamakta; İnsan Merkezli Endüstri (%2.26), insan-makine işbirliğine odaklanmakta; Eko-Stratejik İnovasyon (%2.04), atık yönetimi ve stratejik entegrasyonu ele almakta; ve Yeşil Enerji Dönüşümü (%1.95), çevre yönetimi ve karbon azaltımına yoğunlaşmaktadır. Analiz, dijital ikizler, IoT ve siber-fiziksel sistemler aracılığıyla teknolojik entegrasyonun, insan merkezli üretim çerçeveleri içinde döngüsel ekonomi uygulaması için kilit bir kolaylaştırıcı olarak ortaya çıktığını göstermektedir. Pratik uygulama zorlukları, uzun vadeli etki değerlendirmesi ve kapsamlı entegrasyon stratejilerinde araştırma boşlukları tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma, Endüstri 5.0-DE yakınsama literatüründeki tematik yapı ve araştırma eğilimlerini anlamaya katkıda bulunmakta ve bu disiplinlerarası alanda gelecekteki ampirik araştırmalar ve teorik gelişim için bir temel sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Endüstri 5.0
• Döngüsel Ekonomi
• Bibliyometrik Analiz
• Konu Modellemesi

Industry 5.0 and Circular Economy Convergence: Bibliometric Analysis and Thematic Evolution

Öz

This study investigates the research landscape and thematic convergence between Industry 5.0 and Circular Economy (CE) paradigms through bibliometric analysis and topic modeling of 61 peer-reviewed publications from Scopus and Web of Science databases (2021-2024). The research examines the theoretical foundations, thematic evolution, and integration patterns of these two emerging paradigms to understand their intersection in contemporary academic literature. The methodology employed bibliometric analysis using Bibliometrix in R and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modeling in Python to identify research trends, collaboration patterns, and latent thematic structures within the literature.The bibliometric analysis reveals significant growth in research interest with a 104.08% annual publication rate and strong international collaboration (37.7% co-authorship rate). Four distinct research themes emerged from the topic modeling: Smart Sustainable Systems (4.18%), emphasizing digitalization and supply chain integration; Human-Centric Industry (2.26%), focusing on human-machine collaboration; Eco-Strategic Innovation (2.04%), addressing waste management and strategic integration; and Green Energy Transition (1.95%), concentrating on environmental management and carbon reduction. The analysis demonstrates that technological integration through digital twins, IoT, and cyber-physical systems emerges as a key enabler for circular economy implementation within human-centric production frameworks. Research gaps were identified in practical implementation challenges, long-term impact assessment, and comprehensive integration strategies. The study contributes to understanding the thematic structure and research trends in Industry 5.0-CE convergence literature, providing a foundation for future empirical investigations and theoretical development in this interdisciplinary field.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Industry 5.0
• Circular Economy
• Bibliometric Analysis
• Topic Modeling

Kaynakça

1. Aria, M., & Cuccurullo, C. (2017). bibliometrix : An R-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis. Journal of Informetrics, 11(4), 959–975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2017.08.007
2. Bjørnbet, M. M., Skaar, C., Fet, A. M., & Schulte, K. Ø. (2021). Circular economy in manufacturing companies: A review of case study literature. Journal of Cleaner Production, 294, 126268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126268
3. Blei, D. M., Ng, A. Y., & Jordan, M. I. (2003). Latent dirichlet allocation. The Journal of Machine Learning Research, 3, 993–1002.
4. COM. (2021). Communication From The Commission To The European Parliament, The Council, The European Economic And Social Committee And The Committee Of The Regions .
5. Dabo, A.-A. A., & Hosseinian-Far, A. (2023). An Integrated Methodology for Enhancing Reverse Logistics Flows and Networks in Industry 5.0. Logistics, 7(4), 97. https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics7040097
6. Delbari, S. A., & Hof, L. A. (2024). Glass waste circular economy - Advancing to high-value glass sheets recovery using industry 4.0 and 5.0 technologies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 462, 142629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.142629
7. Dhayal, K. S., Giri, A. K., Kumar, A., Samadhiya, A., Agrawal, S., & Agrawal, R. (2023). Can green finance facilitate Industry 5.0 transition to achieve sustainability? A systematic review with future research directions. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(46), 102158– 102180. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023- 29539-w
8. Dwivedi, A., Agrawal, D., Jha, A., & Mathiyazhagan, K. (2023). Studying the interactions among Industry 5.0 and circular supply chain: Towards attaining sustainable development. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 176, 108927. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2022.108927

9. European Commission. (2022). Industry 5.0: A Transformative Vision for Europe.
10. Garrido, S., Muniz, J., & Batista Ribeiro, V. (2024). Operations Management, Sustainability & Industry 5.0: A critical analysis and future agenda. Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain, 10, 100141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clscn.2024.100141
11. Geissdoerfer, M., Savaget, P., Bocken, N. M. P., & Hultink, E. J. (2017). The Circular Economy – A new sustainability paradigm? Journal of Cleaner Production, 143, 757–768. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.048
12. Ghaffari, M., Aliahmadi, A., Khalkhali, A., Zakery, A., Daim, T. U., & Zamani, M. (2024). Exploring the technological leaders using tire industry patents: A topic modeling approach. Technology in Society, 78, 102664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2024.102664
13. Ghobakhloo, M., Iranmanesh, M., Foroughi, B., Babaee Tirkolaee, E., Asadi, S., & Amran, A. (2023). Industry 5.0 implications for inclusive sustainable manufacturing: An evidence-knowledge-based strategic roadmap. Journal of Cleaner Production, 417, 138023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.138023
14. Hadi, A., Cheung, F., Adjei, S., & Dulaimi, A. (2023). Evaluation of Lean Off-Site Construction Literature through the Lens of Industry 4.0 and 5.0. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 149(12). https://doi.org/10.1061/JCEMD4.COENG-13622
15. Hetmanczyk, M. P. (2024a). A Method for Evaluating the Maturity Level of Production Process Automation in the Context of Digital Transformation—Polish Case Study. Applied Sciences, 14(11), 4380. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14114380
16. Hsu, C.-H., Li, Z.-H., Zhuo, H.-J., & Zhang, T.-Y. (2024). Enabling Industry 5.0-Driven Circular Economy Transformation: A Strategic Roadmap. Sustainability, 16(22), 9954. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16229954
17. Ivanov, D. (2023). The Industry 5.0 framework: viability-based integration of the resilience, sustainability, and human-centricity perspectives. International Journal of Production Research, 61(5), 1683–1695. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2022.2118892
18. Jelodar, H., Wang, Y., Yuan, C., Feng, X., Jiang, X., Li, Y., & Zhao, L. (2019). Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) and topic modeling: models, applications, a survey. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 78(11), 15169–15211. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-018-6894-4
19. Kirchherr, J., Reike, D., & Hekkert, M. (2017). Conceptualizing the circular economy: An analysis of 114 definitions. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 127, 221–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.09.005
20. Lubis, F. F., Rosmansyah, Y., & Supangkat, S. H. (2019). Topic Discovery of Online Course Reviews Using LDA with Leveraging Reviews Helpfulness. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 9(1), 426. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i1.pp426-438
21. Ma, S., Ding, W., Liu, Y., Zhang, Y., Ren, S., Kong, X., & Leng, J. (2024). Industry 4.0 and cleaner production: A comprehensive review of sustainable and intelligent manufacturing for energyintensive manufacturing industries. Journal of Cleaner Production, 467, 142879. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.142879
22. Ma, S., Huang, Y., Chen, Y., Xiao, Q., Xu, J., & Leng, J. (2024). Edge-Cloud Cooperation Driven Intelligent Sustainability Evaluation Strategy Based on IoT and CPS for Energy-Intensive Manufacturing Industries. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 1–1. https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2024.3520612 MacArthur, E. (2013). Towards the Circular Economy.
23. Mejía-Moncayo, C., Kenné, J.-P., & Hof, L. A. (2023). On the development of a smart architecture for a sustainable manufacturing-remanufacturing system: A literature review approach. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 180, 109282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2023.109282
24. Mies, A., & Gold, S. (2021). Mapping the social dimension of the circular economy. Journal of Cleaner Production, 321, 128960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128960
25. Mongeon, P., & Paul-Hus, A. (2016). The journal coverage of Web of Science and Scopus: a comparative analysis. Scientometrics, 106(1), 213–228. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-0151765-5
26. Murali, D., Suresh, M., & Raman, R. (2024). Breaking down to build up: how deconstruction and carbon finance foster sustainable, resilient construction in the industry 5.0 era. Construction Innovation. https://doi.org/10.1108/CI-04-2024-0124
27. Murray, A., Skene, K., & Haynes, K. (2017). The Circular Economy: An Interdisciplinary Exploration of the Concept and Application in a Global Context. Journal of Business Ethics, 140(3), 369– 380. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-2693-2
28. Nahavandi, S. (2019). Industry 5.0—A Human-Centric Solution. Sustainability, 11(16), 4371. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11164371
29. Narula, S., Tamvada, J. P., Kumar, A., Puppala, H., & Gupta, N. (2024). Putting Digital Technologies at the Forefront of Industry 5.0 for the Implementation of a Circular Economy in Manufacturing Industries. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 71, 3363–3374. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEM.2023.3344373
30. Nikseresht, A., Golmohammadi, D., & Zandieh, M. (2024). Empirical modeling approaches in sustainable supply chain management: A review with bibliometric and network analyses. Business Strategy and the Environment, 33(8), 8759–8783. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.3937
31. Payer, R. C., Quelhas, O. L. G., & Bergiante, N. C. R. (2024). Framework to supporting monitoring the circular economy in the context of industry 5.0: A proposal considering circularity indicators, digital transformation, and sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 466, 142850. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.142850
32. Pearce, D. W., & Turner, R. K. (1989). Economics of natural resources and the environment. Johns Hopkins University Press.
33. Ramírez-Peña, M., Cerezo-Narváez, A., Pastor-Fernández, A., Otero-Mateo, M., & Ballesteros-Pérez, P. (2023). Determination of Requirements for the Improvement of Occupational Safety in the Cleaning of Vertical Tanks of Petroleum Products. Safety, 9(1), 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/safety9010006
34. Sachsenmeier, P. (2016). Industry 5.0—The Relevance and Implications of Bionics and Synthetic Biology. Engineering, 2(2), 225–229. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENG.2016.02.015
35. Santiago, B. da S., Scavarda, L. F., Gusmão Caiado, R. G., Santos, R. S., & Mattos Nascimento, D. L. de. (2024). Corporate social responsibility and circular economy integration framework within sustainable supply chain management: Building blocks for industry 5.0. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.2949
36. Sarp, S., Kuzlu, M., Jovanovic, V., Polat, Z., & Guler, O. (2024). Digitalization of railway transportation through AI-powered services: digital twin trains. European Transport Research Review, 16(1), 58. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-024-00679-5
37. Suchek, N., Fernandes, C. I., Kraus, S., Filser, M., & Sjögrén, H. (2021). Innovation and the circular economy: A systematic literature review. Business Strategy and the Environment, 30(8), 3686– 3702. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2834
38. Turner, C., & Oyekan, J. (2023). Manufacturing in the Age of Human-Centric and Sustainable Industry 5.0: Application to Holonic, Flexible, Reconfigurable and Smart Manufacturing Systems. Sustainability, 15(13), 10169. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151310169
39. Vasić, S., Orošnjak, M., Brkljač, N., Vrhovac, V., & Ristić, K. (2024). Identification of Criteria for Enabling the Adoption of Sustainable Maintenance Practice: An Umbrella Review. Sustainability, 16(2), 767. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16020767
40. Voulgaridis, K., Lagkas, T., Angelopoulos, C. M., Boulogeorgos, A.-A. A., Argyriou, V., & Sarigiannidis, P. (2024). Digital product passports as enablers of digital circular economy: a framework based on technological perspective. Telecommunication Systems, 85(4), 699–715. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-024-01104-x
41. Wang, B., Zhou, H., Li, X., Yang, G., Zheng, P., Song, C., Yuan, Y., Wuest, T., Yang, H., & Wang, L. (2024). Human Digital Twin in the context of Industry 5.0. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 85, 102626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcim.2023.102626
42. Zhang, H., Daim, T., & Zhang, Y. (Peggy). (2021). Integrating patent analysis into technology roadmapping: A latent dirichlet allocation based technology assessment and roadmapping in the field of Blockchain. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 167, 120729. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.120729
43. Zupic, I., & Čater, T. (2015). Bibliometric Methods in Management and Organization. Organizational Research Methods, 18(3), 429–472. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428114562629