Müze ve Akış Deneyimi İlişkisinin İncelenmesi: Sistematik Literatür Taraması

Öz

Müzeler günümüzde klasik eser sergileme alan tanımlarından öteye ziyaretçisi için deneyimler sunan ve giderek daha fazla insan- toplum odaklı mekanlar haline dönüşmektedir. Değişen müze kavramıyla birlikte, müzelerin amaçları da değişmekte, temel amaçları arasında ziyaretçiler için üst, unutulmaz ve hatırlanabilir deneyimler sunmak stratejik bir önem kazanmaktadır. Günümüzde müze ziyaretçileri de bu tür deneyimleri aramakta ve talep etmektedir. Mevcut araştırma olağanüstü bir deneyim türü olan akış deneyimini incelemektedir. Akış, ziyaretçinin yüksek odaklanma yaşadığı, zamanın su gibi akıp geçtiği, keyifli, eğlenceli, bireyin kendini kaptığı deneyimleri ifade etmektedir. Müzelerde akış deneyimi memnuniyet, bağlılık, sadakat, yeniden ziyaret etme niyeti gibi olumlu çıktılar yarattığından, giderek müzelerin sunmayı hedeflediği önemli bir deneyim türü haline gelmektedir. Mevcut çalışmada, müze ve akış deneyimi ilişkisini inceleyen çalışmalar sistematik olarak incelenmiş, bu çalışmaların sayılarının sınırlı olduğu, teknoloji ve öğrenme alanlarında yoğunlaştığı, daha çok nicel yönteme sahip oldukları, örneklemlerinin genellikle öğrenci gruplarından oluştuğu saptanmıştır. İncelenen çalışmalarda akış boyutlarından odaklanılmış dikkat ve algılanan haz /eğlenceye odaklanıldığı, akışın deneyiminin aracı değişken olarak da sıkılıkla kullanıldığı, sonuç değişkenleri arasında ise öğrenme (bilişsel çıktı), motivasyon, memnuniyet, yeniden ziyaret, tavsiye yer aldığı ve çoğunlukla müzelerde akış deneyiminin sonuç değişkenleriyle anlamlı ve pozitif yönde ilişkide olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• müze
• müze deneyimi
• akış deneyimi
• akış teorisi
• sistematik literatür taraması (SLT)

Examining The Relationship Between Museums and The Flow Experience: A Systematic Literature Review

Öz

Museums today are transforming beyond definitions as spaces for exhibiting classical works into places that offer experiences for visitors and increasingly become human- and society-oriented spaces. Along with the changing concept of museums, the purposes of museums are also evolving, and among their main objectives, offering peak and memorable experiences for visitors has gained strategic importance. Today, museum visitors likewise seek and demand such experiences. The present research examines flow experience, which is an extraordinary type of experience. Flow refers to experiences in which visitors experience a high level of concentration, time passes quickly, and the experience is enjoyable, entertaining, and characterized by deep absorption. Since flow experience in museums generates positive outcomes such as satisfaction, attachment, loyalty, and revisit intention, it has increasingly become an important type of experience that museums aim to offer. In the present study, studies examining the relationship between museums and flow experience were systematically reviewed. It was determined that the number of such studies is limited, that they mainly concentrate on the fields of technology and learning, that they predominantly employ quantitative methods, and that their samples generally consist of student groups. In the reviewed studies, it was found that attention is primarily focused on the flow dimensions of focused attention and perceived pleasure/enjoyment, that flow experience is frequently used as a mediating variable, and that outcome variables include learning (cognitive outcome), motivation, satisfaction, revisit intention, and recommendation. Overall, it was determined that flow experience in museum contexts is mostly in a significant and positive relationship with these outcome variables.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• museum
• museum experience
• flow experience
• flow theory
• systematic literature review

Kaynakça

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