An Old Problem in the New Era: Effects of Artificial Intelligence to Unemployment on the Way to Industry 5.0

Öz

Unemployment is one of the most important and unfinished debates in the economic literature and every decade witnessed a crisis that created unemployment. Especially youth and long-term unemployment rates of the countries are very high and policymakers are focusing their interest on the unemployment problems. On the other hand, the impact of digitalisation is the most cited issue of the last decade in economic discussions. Especially, due to the impact of technological advancements, automation and artificial intelligence (AI) became the main keyword of future discussions. Advances in automation by using the increasing capability of AI changed the direction of the labor market by changing the quantity and type of jobs. The increasing capability of automation with AI turned the robots to cobots and leads to Industry 5.0 as a new industrial revolution. This study aims to explore the effects of AI in Industry 5.0 concept on unemployment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Artificial Intelligence
• Unemployment
• Industry 5.0
• Technological Change
• Cobot

Yeni Çağda Eski Bir Sorun: Endüstri 5.0 Yolunda Yapay Zekanın İşsizliğe Etkileri

Öz

İşsizlik, ekonomi literatüründeki en önemli ve bitmemiş tartışmalardan biridir ve her on yılda bir işsizliği yaratan bir krize tanık olunmuştur. Ülkelerin özellikle gençlik ve uzun vadeli işsizlik oranları çok yüksek ve politika yapıcılar ilgilerini işsizlik sorunlarına odaklamaktadır. Öte yandan, dijitalleşmenin etkisi, ekonomik tartışmalarda son on yılın en çok atıf yapılan konusudur. Özellikle teknolojik gelişmelerin etkisiyle otomasyon ve yapay zekâ (AI) gelecekteki tartışmaların anahtar kelimesi haline gelmiştir. Yapay zekânın artan kabiliyetini kullanarak otomasyondaki gelişmeler, işlerin sayısını ve türünü değiştirerek işgücü piyasasının yönünü değiştirmiştir. Yapay zekâ ile artan otomasyon yeteneği, robotları kobotlara dönüştürmüş ve yeni bir sanayi devrimi olarak Sanayi 5.0'a yol açmıştır. Bu çalışma, Sanayi 5.0 kavramı çerçevesinde yapay zekânın işsizlik üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yapay Zekâ
• İşsizlik
• Sanayi 5.0
• Teknolojik Değişim
• Kobot

Kaynakça

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