ESTIMATION OF THE COSTS OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN TURKEY: AN EVALUATION IN TERMS OF THE INSURANCE AND FINANCIAL SYSTEM

Ercan Ozen; Erhan Genc; Zubeyde Kaya

doi:10.19168/jyu.94397

ESTIMATION OF THE COSTS OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN TURKEY: AN EVALUATION IN TERMS OF THE INSURANCE AND FINANCIAL SYSTEM

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 33, 5649 - 5673, 01.06.2014

Ercan Ozen Erhan Genc Zubeyde Kaya

https://doi.org/10.19168/jyu.94397

Cited By: 4

Öz

The aim of the study is to estimate the costs of traffic accidents in Turkey and to put forward conjectural magnitude of these costs within insurance and financial system. Another purpose is to predict the non-systemic costs which are difficult to be involved in records and that are caused by accidents. Different kinds of cost elements come out as a result of traffic accidents. In this study, great effort is spent to predict the cost elements such as material damage, medical care and labour loss. The cost predictions are performed by using the data issued by Turkish Insurance Association and the data acquired by the questionnaire carried out in the city of Uşak. In cost analysis conducted, it is seen that the total costs of traffic accidents occurred in 2012 is more than $4,3 billion. It is found out that insurance companies made a loss of approximately $233 million from traffic insurance operations in 2012. This decreases the contribution of insurance companies, which have significant * This article was funded by Uşak University Scientific Research Project Unit, Project No: 2013-SOSB005 ercan.ozen@usak.edu.tr, eozentr@hotmail.com, Assistant Professor in Uşak University Applied Sciences Academy Banking And Finance Department erhan.genc@usak.edu.tr, Research Associate in Uşak University at Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Department of Business zkaya64@hotmail.com Afyon Kocatepe University SSI. Postgraduate at Business Department function in financial system, to total saving volume. The total accident costs found in this study accounts for 16,37% share within insurance system, 0,36% share within financial system and 0,55% share within GDP.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Costs of traffic accidents, Insurance, Finance, GDP

Kaynakça

Aertsens J., Geus B., Vandenbulcke G., Degraeuwe B., Broekx S., Nocker L., Liekens I., Mayeres I., Meeusen R., Thomas I., Torfs R., Willems H., Panis L., (2010), “Commuting by Bike in Belgium, the Cost of Minor Accidents”, Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol.42, p.2149-2157.
Alemany R., Ayuso M., Guillén M., (2013), Impact of Road Traffic Injuries on Disability Rates and Long-term Care Cost in Spain”, Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol.60, p. 95-102.
Al-Masaeid, H. R., Al-Mashakbeh, A. A.& Qudah, A, M., (1999). “Economic Costs of Trafic Accidents in Jordan”, Accident and Analysis & Prevention, 31, 347-357.
Al-shami, H.A., (2008), Determinants of Insurance Companies Profitability in UAE, Master Thesis, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia.
Anh, T., Dao, T., ve Xuan, N. (2005), “The Cost of Road Traffic Accident in Vietnam”. Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies. 5, 1923-1933.
Antić B., Vujanić M., Lipovac K., Pešić D., (2011), “Estimation of the Traffic Accidents Costs in Serbia by Using Dominant Costs Model”, Transport, Vol, 26 (4), p.433-440.
Bankacılık Düzenleme ve Denetleme Kurumu (BDDK), (2012), Finansal Piyasalar Raporu, Ankara.
Caliendo, C., De Guglielmo ML., (2012), “Accident Rates in Road Tunnels ad Social Cost Evaluation”, Procedia-Social and Behaviorial Science, 53, pp. 166-177.
Connelly, L. B. ve Supangan, R. (2006), “The Economic Costs of Road Traffic Crashes: Australia, States and Territories”, Accident Analysis and Prevention. 38, 1087-1093.
Demiröz, A. (2006). Kazaların Çevresel ve Teknik Araştırması. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Ankara: Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
Doğan, M., (2013), Sigorta Şirketlerinin Sermaye Yapısı ile Karlılık Arasındaki İlişki: Türk Sermaye Piyasası Üzerine bir İnceleme”, Muhasebe ve Finansman Dergisi, S.57, s.121-136
DPT, (2007), Dokuzuncu Kalkınma Planı, Finansal Hizmetler (Mali Piyasalar, Finans Kurumları, Bankacılık, Sigortacılık), Özel İhtisas Komisyonu Raporu, Yayın No: DPT: 2704, ÖİK: 659, Ankara.
Elmas G., Yıldızhan B., (1999), “Türkiye’de Ulaşım Politikaları ve Trafik Kazalarının Ekonomik Analizi”, II.Ulaşım ve Trafik Kongresi Bildiri Kitabı, s.268-286, http://arsiv.mmo.org.tr/pdf/11174.pdf , (Access: 002013)
Elvik, R., Kolbenstvedt, M., Elvebakk, B., Hervik, A., B., (2009), “Costs and Benefits to Sweden of Swedish Road Safety Research”, Accident Analysis and Prevention, 41, p. 387-392.
Elvik, R., (1995), “An Analysis of Official Economic Valuations of Traffic Accident Fatalities in 20 Motorized Countries”. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 27( 2), 237-247.
Elvik, R., (2000) “How Much Do Road Accidents Cost the National Economy”, Accident and Analysis & Prevention, Vol.32, p.849-851.
Hejazi R., Shamsudin MN., Radam A., Rahim KA., Ibrahim AZ., Yazdani S., (2013), “Estimation of Traffic Accident Costs: a Prompted Model”, International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, Vol.20, No.2, p.152-157.
İsmail, M.A., Abdelmageed, Samar, M., M., (2010), “Cost of Traffic Accidents in Egypt”, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 42, p. 1308-1314.
López, J., Serrano, P., Duque, B., (2004), “The Economic Costs of Traffic Accidents in Spain”, The Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection and Critical Care, Vol. 56 (4), p.883–889.
Malik H., (2011), “Determinants of Insurance Companies Profitability: An Analysis of Insurance Sector of Pakistan”, Academic Research International, Vol.1, No.3, p.315-321.
Mareste, P., Persson, U., Berntman, M., (2003), “Long-Term Follow –up and Conequences for Severe Road Traffic Injuries- Treatment Costs and Health Impairment in Sweden in the 1960s and the 1990s”, Health Policy, 66, p. 147-158.
Nguyen H., Ivers R.Q., Jan S., Martiniuk A.LC., Li, Q., Pham C., (2013), “The Economic Burden of the Road Traffic Injuries: Evidence from a Provincial General Hospital in Vietnam”, Injury Prevention, Vol.19, p.79-84.
Özer, U., (2010), Kasko ve Trafik Sigortaları Karlılık Değerlendirmesi, Reasürör, S. 2010 Nisan, s.7-23.
Öztürk, O., Eken, H., Er, C. (2006), “Motorlu Taşıt Satışlarının Trafik Kazaları Üzerine Olan Etkileri”, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 13 (4), 12-15.
Pārupa D., Ādamsone L., (2008), “Effectiveness of Public Investment in Road Traffic Accident Prevention Projects, Economics and Business, 7337, p.9-17
Perez, K., Altes, A. G., (2007), “The Economic Cost of Road Traffic Crashes in an Urban Setting”, Injury Prevention, 13, p. 65-68.
Pérez-Nşñez R., Híjar-Medina M., Heredia-Pi I., Jones S., Silveira-Rodrigues EM., (2010), “Economic Impact of Fatal and Nonfatal Road Traffic Injuries in Belize in 2007”, Rev Panam Salud Publica, Vol.28 (5), p.326-336.
Reeddy GMM., Negandhi H., Singh D., Singh A., (2009), “Extent and Determinants of Cost of Road Traffic Injuries in an Indian City”, Indian Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol.63, No.12, p.549-556.
Seninger S., (2010), “Economic Costs of Alcohol-Related Vehicle Crashes in Montana”, Montana Business Quarterly/Summer, p.21-24.
Sümer, N., Lajunen, T., Özkan, T., (2002). Sürücü Davranışlarının Kaza Riskindeki Rolü: İhlaller ve Hatalar, Uluslararası 1. Trafik ve Yol Güvenliği Kongresi ve Fuarı, 8-12 Mayıs, Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara.
Sigortacı Gazetesi, (2013), http://www.sigortacigazetesi.com.tr/manet/5371-kisidusen-sita-prinyada655-turkie-144-dolar.html , (Access: 11.12.2013).
Sweroad, (2001), Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Karayolu İyileştirme ve Trafik Güvenliği (KİTGİ) Trafik Güvenliği
Projesi Ulusal Trafik Güvenliği Programı, Ana Rapor, Ankara. TUİK, (2012), Karayolu Trafik Kaza Maliyeti 2011, http://www.tuik.gov.tr/Kitap.do?metod= KitapDetay&KT_ID=15&KITAP_ID=70 , (Access: 25.07.2013).
Türkiye Sigorta Birliği (TSB) 2012, (2012), Sigorta Sektöründeki Değişim ve Geleceği Şekillendirecek Trendler, http://www.kpmg.com/TR/tr/sektorler/Finansal-hizmetler/Documents/FS-2012de-SigortaSektoru-Mustafa-SU.pdf , (Access: 11.12.2013).
Ünal, T., (1994), Sigorta Sektörünün Ekonomik İşlevi ve Fon Yaratma Kapasitesi, İstanbul Ticaret Odası, Yayın No. 1994-04, İstanbul.
Veisten, K., Sælensminde, K., Alvær, K., Bjİrnskau, T., Elvik, R., Schistad, T., Ytterstad, B., (2007). “Total Cost of Bicycle Injuries in Norway: Correcting Injury Figures and Indicating Data Needs”, Accident Analysis & Prevention, 39, p. 1162-1169.
Watkins, K. ve Sridhar, D. (2009), Road Traffic Injuries: The Hidden Development Crisis, A Policy Briefing for the First Global Ministerial Conference on Road Safety, Moscow, 19-20 November.
World Health Organization, (2013a), “Road Traffic Injuries”, http://www.who.int/mediacentre/ factsheets/fs358/en/ , (Access: 05.12.2013)
World Health Organization, (2013b). Global Status Report on Road Safety: Supporting A Decade of Action, World Health Organization, Geneva.
Yıldırım İ., (2013), “Türk Sigortacılık Sektörünün Yumuşak Karnı: Sigorta Suistimalleri Sorunu”, Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Dergisi, Cilt 5, No.1, s.331-340
Yurtseven, E. (2010), “Sigortacılık Sektöründen Ekonomiye Büyük Destek”, Sigortacı Gazetesi. Kasım 20
Zaloshnja, E., Miller, T., Council, F., Persaud, B., (2006), “Crash Costs in the United States by Crash Geometry”, Accident Analysis and Prevention, 38, p. 644-651. 5510 Sayılı Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sağlık Sigortası Kanunu. www.trafik.gov.tr www.tsb.org.tr/sayfa/2012-yili-trafik-istatistikleri-4-donem ( Access : 02013 ) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_vehicles_per_capita (Access: 10.02.2013) http://www.trafik.gov.tr/Sayfalar/Istatistikler/Genel-Kaza.aspx (Access: 28.06.2013) http://www.tsrsb.org.tr/sayfa/kasko-ve-saglik-analizleri-2011 (Access: 15.02.2013) http://trafikfestivali.usak.edu.tr , Uşak Road Traffic Festival Official WEB Page

ESTIMATION OF THE COSTS OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN TURKEY: AN EVALUATION IN TERMS OF THE INSURANCE AND FINANCIAL SYSTEM

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 33, 5649 - 5673, 01.06.2014

Ercan Ozen Erhan Genc Zubeyde Kaya

https://doi.org/10.19168/jyu.94397

Cited By: 4

Öz

Çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de trafik kazalarının maliyetlerini tahmin etmek ve bu maliyetlerin sigortacılık ve finansal sistem içindeki tahmini büyüklüğünü ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmanın diğer bir amacı da, kayıtlara dahil edilmesi oldukça zor olan, kazalardan doğan sistem dışı maliyetleri tahmin etmektir. Trafik kazalarına bağlı farklı maliyet unsurları ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Çalışmada; maddi hasara, tedavi ve işgücü kaybına bağlı maliyet unsurları tahmin edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Maliyet tahminleri Türkiye Sigorta Birliği tarafından yayınlanan veriler ve Uşak ilinde uygulanan anket çalışmasından elde edilen veriler kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Yapılan maliyet hesaplamalarında, 2012 yılında trafik kazalarının toplam maliyetinin 4,3 Milyar ABD Doları’nın üzerinde olduğu tahmin edilmiştir. Sigorta şirketlerinin trafikle ilgili sigorta işlemlerinden 2012 yılında yaklaşık 233 Milyon $ tutarında zarar ettikleri görülmüştür. Bu da finansal sistem içinde önemli fonksiyona sahip olan sigorta şirketlerinin, toplam tasarruf hacmine yaptığı katkıyı azaltmaktadır. Çalışmada bulunan kaza maliyetlerinin toplamı, sigortacılıkta %16,37’lik paya, finansal sistem içinde % 0,36’lik paya sahipken, GSYİH içinde %0,55’lik paya sahiptir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Trafik Kaza Maliyeti, Sigorta, Finans, GSYİH

Kaynakça

Aertsens J., Geus B., Vandenbulcke G., Degraeuwe B., Broekx S., Nocker L., Liekens I., Mayeres I., Meeusen R., Thomas I., Torfs R., Willems H., Panis L., (2010), “Commuting by Bike in Belgium, the Cost of Minor Accidents”, Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol.42, p.2149-2157.
Alemany R., Ayuso M., Guillén M., (2013), Impact of Road Traffic Injuries on Disability Rates and Long-term Care Cost in Spain”, Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol.60, p. 95-102.
Al-Masaeid, H. R., Al-Mashakbeh, A. A.& Qudah, A, M., (1999). “Economic Costs of Trafic Accidents in Jordan”, Accident and Analysis & Prevention, 31, 347-357.
Al-shami, H.A., (2008), Determinants of Insurance Companies Profitability in UAE, Master Thesis, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia.
Anh, T., Dao, T., ve Xuan, N. (2005), “The Cost of Road Traffic Accident in Vietnam”. Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies. 5, 1923-1933.
Antić B., Vujanić M., Lipovac K., Pešić D., (2011), “Estimation of the Traffic Accidents Costs in Serbia by Using Dominant Costs Model”, Transport, Vol, 26 (4), p.433-440.
Bankacılık Düzenleme ve Denetleme Kurumu (BDDK), (2012), Finansal Piyasalar Raporu, Ankara.
Caliendo, C., De Guglielmo ML., (2012), “Accident Rates in Road Tunnels ad Social Cost Evaluation”, Procedia-Social and Behaviorial Science, 53, pp. 166-177.
Connelly, L. B. ve Supangan, R. (2006), “The Economic Costs of Road Traffic Crashes: Australia, States and Territories”, Accident Analysis and Prevention. 38, 1087-1093.
Demiröz, A. (2006). Kazaların Çevresel ve Teknik Araştırması. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Ankara: Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
Doğan, M., (2013), Sigorta Şirketlerinin Sermaye Yapısı ile Karlılık Arasındaki İlişki: Türk Sermaye Piyasası Üzerine bir İnceleme”, Muhasebe ve Finansman Dergisi, S.57, s.121-136
DPT, (2007), Dokuzuncu Kalkınma Planı, Finansal Hizmetler (Mali Piyasalar, Finans Kurumları, Bankacılık, Sigortacılık), Özel İhtisas Komisyonu Raporu, Yayın No: DPT: 2704, ÖİK: 659, Ankara.
Elmas G., Yıldızhan B., (1999), “Türkiye’de Ulaşım Politikaları ve Trafik Kazalarının Ekonomik Analizi”, II.Ulaşım ve Trafik Kongresi Bildiri Kitabı, s.268-286, http://arsiv.mmo.org.tr/pdf/11174.pdf , (Access: 002013)
Elvik, R., Kolbenstvedt, M., Elvebakk, B., Hervik, A., B., (2009), “Costs and Benefits to Sweden of Swedish Road Safety Research”, Accident Analysis and Prevention, 41, p. 387-392.
Elvik, R., (1995), “An Analysis of Official Economic Valuations of Traffic Accident Fatalities in 20 Motorized Countries”. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 27( 2), 237-247.
Elvik, R., (2000) “How Much Do Road Accidents Cost the National Economy”, Accident and Analysis & Prevention, Vol.32, p.849-851.
Hejazi R., Shamsudin MN., Radam A., Rahim KA., Ibrahim AZ., Yazdani S., (2013), “Estimation of Traffic Accident Costs: a Prompted Model”, International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, Vol.20, No.2, p.152-157.
İsmail, M.A., Abdelmageed, Samar, M., M., (2010), “Cost of Traffic Accidents in Egypt”, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 42, p. 1308-1314.
López, J., Serrano, P., Duque, B., (2004), “The Economic Costs of Traffic Accidents in Spain”, The Journal of Trauma—Injury Infection and Critical Care, Vol. 56 (4), p.883–889.
Malik H., (2011), “Determinants of Insurance Companies Profitability: An Analysis of Insurance Sector of Pakistan”, Academic Research International, Vol.1, No.3, p.315-321.
Mareste, P., Persson, U., Berntman, M., (2003), “Long-Term Follow –up and Conequences for Severe Road Traffic Injuries- Treatment Costs and Health Impairment in Sweden in the 1960s and the 1990s”, Health Policy, 66, p. 147-158.
Nguyen H., Ivers R.Q., Jan S., Martiniuk A.LC., Li, Q., Pham C., (2013), “The Economic Burden of the Road Traffic Injuries: Evidence from a Provincial General Hospital in Vietnam”, Injury Prevention, Vol.19, p.79-84.
Özer, U., (2010), Kasko ve Trafik Sigortaları Karlılık Değerlendirmesi, Reasürör, S. 2010 Nisan, s.7-23.
Öztürk, O., Eken, H., Er, C. (2006), “Motorlu Taşıt Satışlarının Trafik Kazaları Üzerine Olan Etkileri”, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 13 (4), 12-15.
Pārupa D., Ādamsone L., (2008), “Effectiveness of Public Investment in Road Traffic Accident Prevention Projects, Economics and Business, 7337, p.9-17
Perez, K., Altes, A. G., (2007), “The Economic Cost of Road Traffic Crashes in an Urban Setting”, Injury Prevention, 13, p. 65-68.
Pérez-Nşñez R., Híjar-Medina M., Heredia-Pi I., Jones S., Silveira-Rodrigues EM., (2010), “Economic Impact of Fatal and Nonfatal Road Traffic Injuries in Belize in 2007”, Rev Panam Salud Publica, Vol.28 (5), p.326-336.
Reeddy GMM., Negandhi H., Singh D., Singh A., (2009), “Extent and Determinants of Cost of Road Traffic Injuries in an Indian City”, Indian Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol.63, No.12, p.549-556.
Seninger S., (2010), “Economic Costs of Alcohol-Related Vehicle Crashes in Montana”, Montana Business Quarterly/Summer, p.21-24.
Sümer, N., Lajunen, T., Özkan, T., (2002). Sürücü Davranışlarının Kaza Riskindeki Rolü: İhlaller ve Hatalar, Uluslararası 1. Trafik ve Yol Güvenliği Kongresi ve Fuarı, 8-12 Mayıs, Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara.
Sigortacı Gazetesi, (2013), http://www.sigortacigazetesi.com.tr/manet/5371-kisidusen-sita-prinyada655-turkie-144-dolar.html , (Access: 11.12.2013).
Sweroad, (2001), Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Karayolu İyileştirme ve Trafik Güvenliği (KİTGİ) Trafik Güvenliği
Projesi Ulusal Trafik Güvenliği Programı, Ana Rapor, Ankara. TUİK, (2012), Karayolu Trafik Kaza Maliyeti 2011, http://www.tuik.gov.tr/Kitap.do?metod= KitapDetay&KT_ID=15&KITAP_ID=70 , (Access: 25.07.2013).
Türkiye Sigorta Birliği (TSB) 2012, (2012), Sigorta Sektöründeki Değişim ve Geleceği Şekillendirecek Trendler, http://www.kpmg.com/TR/tr/sektorler/Finansal-hizmetler/Documents/FS-2012de-SigortaSektoru-Mustafa-SU.pdf , (Access: 11.12.2013).
Ünal, T., (1994), Sigorta Sektörünün Ekonomik İşlevi ve Fon Yaratma Kapasitesi, İstanbul Ticaret Odası, Yayın No. 1994-04, İstanbul.
Veisten, K., Sælensminde, K., Alvær, K., Bjİrnskau, T., Elvik, R., Schistad, T., Ytterstad, B., (2007). “Total Cost of Bicycle Injuries in Norway: Correcting Injury Figures and Indicating Data Needs”, Accident Analysis & Prevention, 39, p. 1162-1169.
Watkins, K. ve Sridhar, D. (2009), Road Traffic Injuries: The Hidden Development Crisis, A Policy Briefing for the First Global Ministerial Conference on Road Safety, Moscow, 19-20 November.
World Health Organization, (2013a), “Road Traffic Injuries”, http://www.who.int/mediacentre/ factsheets/fs358/en/ , (Access: 05.12.2013)
World Health Organization, (2013b). Global Status Report on Road Safety: Supporting A Decade of Action, World Health Organization, Geneva.
Yıldırım İ., (2013), “Türk Sigortacılık Sektörünün Yumuşak Karnı: Sigorta Suistimalleri Sorunu”, Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Dergisi, Cilt 5, No.1, s.331-340
Yurtseven, E. (2010), “Sigortacılık Sektöründen Ekonomiye Büyük Destek”, Sigortacı Gazetesi. Kasım 20
Zaloshnja, E., Miller, T., Council, F., Persaud, B., (2006), “Crash Costs in the United States by Crash Geometry”, Accident Analysis and Prevention, 38, p. 644-651. 5510 Sayılı Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sağlık Sigortası Kanunu. www.trafik.gov.tr www.tsb.org.tr/sayfa/2012-yili-trafik-istatistikleri-4-donem ( Access : 02013 ) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_vehicles_per_capita (Access: 10.02.2013) http://www.trafik.gov.tr/Sayfalar/Istatistikler/Genel-Kaza.aspx (Access: 28.06.2013) http://www.tsrsb.org.tr/sayfa/kasko-ve-saglik-analizleri-2011 (Access: 15.02.2013) http://trafikfestivali.usak.edu.tr , Uşak Road Traffic Festival Official WEB Page

Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	Türkçe
Bölüm	Makaleler
Yazarlar	Ercan Ozen Bu kişi benim Erhan Genc Bu kişi benim Zubeyde Kaya Bu kişi benim
Yayımlanma Tarihi	1 Haziran 2014
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2014 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 33

Kaynak Göster

APA	Ozen, E., Genc, E., & Kaya, Z. (2014). ESTIMATION OF THE COSTS OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN TURKEY: AN EVALUATION IN TERMS OF THE INSURANCE AND FINANCIAL SYSTEM. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi, 9(33), 5649-5673. https://doi.org/10.19168/jyu.94397
AMA	Ozen E, Genc E, Kaya Z. ESTIMATION OF THE COSTS OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN TURKEY: AN EVALUATION IN TERMS OF THE INSURANCE AND FINANCIAL SYSTEM. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi. Haziran 2014;9(33):5649-5673. doi:10.19168/jyu.94397
Chicago	Ozen, Ercan, Erhan Genc, ve Zubeyde Kaya. “ESTIMATION OF THE COSTS OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN TURKEY: AN EVALUATION IN TERMS OF THE INSURANCE AND FINANCIAL SYSTEM”. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi 9, sy. 33 (Haziran 2014): 5649-73. https://doi.org/10.19168/jyu.94397.
EndNote	Ozen E, Genc E, Kaya Z (01 Haziran 2014) ESTIMATION OF THE COSTS OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN TURKEY: AN EVALUATION IN TERMS OF THE INSURANCE AND FINANCIAL SYSTEM. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi 9 33 5649–5673.
IEEE	E. Ozen, E. Genc, ve Z. Kaya, “ESTIMATION OF THE COSTS OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN TURKEY: AN EVALUATION IN TERMS OF THE INSURANCE AND FINANCIAL SYSTEM”, Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi, c. 9, sy. 33, ss. 5649–5673, 2014, doi: 10.19168/jyu.94397.
ISNAD	Ozen, Ercan vd. “ESTIMATION OF THE COSTS OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN TURKEY: AN EVALUATION IN TERMS OF THE INSURANCE AND FINANCIAL SYSTEM”. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi 9/33 (Haziran 2014), 5649-5673. https://doi.org/10.19168/jyu.94397.
JAMA	Ozen E, Genc E, Kaya Z. ESTIMATION OF THE COSTS OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN TURKEY: AN EVALUATION IN TERMS OF THE INSURANCE AND FINANCIAL SYSTEM. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi. 2014;9:5649–5673.
MLA	Ozen, Ercan vd. “ESTIMATION OF THE COSTS OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN TURKEY: AN EVALUATION IN TERMS OF THE INSURANCE AND FINANCIAL SYSTEM”. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi, c. 9, sy. 33, 2014, ss. 5649-73, doi:10.19168/jyu.94397.
Vancouver	Ozen E, Genc E, Kaya Z. ESTIMATION OF THE COSTS OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN TURKEY: AN EVALUATION IN TERMS OF THE INSURANCE AND FINANCIAL SYSTEM. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi. 2014;9(33):5649-73.