Deniz Konteyner Limanları Perspektifinde Terminal Seçimi için Entegre bir AHP TOPSIS Yaklaşımı Türkiye’nin Konteyner Liman ve Terminalleri İçin Örnek bir Uygulama

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 14, 33 - 47, 27.03.2019

Ömer Faruk Görçün

Öz

Bu çalışma konteyner operatörleri, lojistik işletmeler ve tedarik
zincirinin diğer aktörleri açısından konteyner liman seçiminin stratejik
önemine odaklanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın ana odak noktası iki önemli soruyla
ilgilidir: Bir konteyner limanı ve terminali, lojistik ve deniz konteyner
operatörleri tarafından nasıl seçilir ve karar vericiler için en önemli
faktörler nelerdir. Bu sorulara cevap ararken, başlangıçta seçim kriterlerinin
ve karar alternatiflerinin ayrıntılı olarak belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Uygun
ve optimal konteyner limanı ve terminali seçebilmek için Analitik Hiyerarşi
Prosesi (AHP) teorisi ve TOPSIS yöntemi seçilmiştir ve bu metodolojiler
konteyner limanı seçimiyle ilgili karar verme problemini çözmek için entegre
edilmiştir. Bu çalışma beş aşamadan oluşmaktadır. İlk aşamada bir literatür
taraması yapıldı. optimal konteyner liman ve terminalini seçmek için AHP ve
TOPSIS yöntemleri tanımlanmış ve bu entegre yöntemin adımları bu çalışmanın
ikinci aşamasında gösterilmiştir. Üçüncü aşamada, hibrid yöntem olarak entegre
bir AHP-TOPSIS yöntemi kullanılarak sayısal analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Dördüncü aşamada elde edilen sonuçlar değerlendirilmiş ve uzmanlar kurulu
tarafından derinlemesine analiz yapılmıştır. Son aşamada bu çalışma özetlenmiş
ve son sonuçlar gösterilmiş ve bu hibrid yöntemin konteyner liman seçim süreci
ile ilgili literatüre katkısı değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada yedi üyeden
oluşan uzmanlar kurulu oluşturulmuş ve kurul üyeleri şirketlerinde karar verme
süreçlerinde önemli rol oynayan profesyonellerdir. Bu nedenle, uzmanlar kurulu
tarafından araştırmacı tarafından seçilirken, deniz taşımacılığı sektöründe üst
düzey yönetici veya şirket sahibi olmak ana kural olarak belirlenmiştir. Tüm
seçim kriterleri, karar alternatifleri ve bu çalışmanın temel amacı, uzmanlar
kurulu ile birlikte gerçekleştirilen yuvarlak masa toplantılarında
belirlenmiştir. Çift yönlü karşılaştırma soruları araştırmacı tarafından
hazırlanmıştır ve üst düzey yönetici olarak denizcilik alanında çalışan
seçilmiş otuz karar vericiye yönlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

AHP-TOPSIS Yöntemi, Liman Seçimi, Lojistik, Denizyolu Taşımacılığı

An Integrated AHP-TOPSIS Approach for Terminal Selection Problems in the Logistics Management Perspectives of Marine Container Ports: A Case Study for Turkey’s Container Ports and Terminals

Öz

This study focuses on the strategic
importance of container port selection with regard to container operator
companies, logistics firms and other actors of a supply chain. The main focal
point of this paper deals with two important questions: how a container port
and terminal is selected by logistics and marine container operators and what
is the most important factors for decision makers. When an answer is seeking to
these questions, initially it should be necessary to determine the selection
criteria and decision alternatives in detail. In order to select proper and
optimal container port and terminal, the Analytic Hierarchy Process theory and
TOPSIS method were selected and these methodologies were integrated to solve
decision-making problem that related to container port selection. This study
consists of five stages. In the first stage, a literature review was made. AHP
and TOPSIS methods were defined and their steps of these methodologies were
shown in the second stage of this study. In the third stage, numerical analysis
was realized by using an integrated AHP-TOPSIS methods as a hybrid method. In
the fourth stage, the obtained results were evaluated and depth analysis was
made by the member of the board of experts. In the final stage, this study was
summarized and final results were shown and the contribution of this hybrid
method to the literature concerning with the container port selection process was
evaluated. In this study, the board of experts that consisted of seven members
was constructed and they are professionals who play an important role in the
decision making processes in their companies. Therefore, while the members of
the board of experts were selected by the researcher, to be the senior
executive or company owner in the field of the maritime transportation sector
was determined as the main rule. All selection criteria, decision alternatives
and the main goal of this study were determined in the roundtable meetings that
realized with together the board of experts. Pairwise comparison questions were
prepared by the researcher and were directed to the selected thirty decision
makers who work in the field of maritime as the senior executive. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

AHP-TOPSIS Methods, Container Port Selection, Logistics, Maritime Transportation

Kaynakça

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