Analysis of Cost Allocation Methods in International Sea-Rail Multimodal Freight Transportation

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 57, 129 - 142, 31.01.2020

Yaşanur Kayıkcı

https://doi.org/10.19168/jyasar.568692

Cited By: 4

Öz

Freight consolidation
is often considered in order to enhance the competitive advantage and
operational efficiency level of multimodal freight transportation. The
transport networks require substantial horizontal collaborations between
multiple partners in the multimodal transport chain. In this regard, it raises
a question as how the benefits, which will be provided via collaboration, shall
be allocated among the participants and beneficiaries. The vast collection of
scientific literature has mainly focused on the development of allocation
models for unimodal road transport conducted with the collaboration among
shippers and carriers, however there is no sufficient research on the
allocation of cost and saving which are provided over the multimodal freight
transport. Furthermore, since the sea and rail transport providers in
multimodal freight transport operate with different size and shape of vessels
and rail freight wagons with different price structures, application of
allocation mechanisms is more complex than unimodal transport. In this
research, cost allocation models are analyzed in multimodal freight transport.
In addition to this, three types of cost allocation model, respectively,
proportional allocation mechanism, decomposition method and Shapley value for
the same freight transport volumes are analyzed with comparison of the
situations for coalitions which comprise of the two, three and four partners of
sea-rail multimodal transport service providers and it ends with the delivered
sustainable results.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Freight Coalition, Multimodal Transportation, Consolidation, Cost Allocation, Horizontal Collaboration, Sea-Rail

Destekleyen Kurum

TUBITAK

Proje Numarası

116C048

Teşekkür

This research was supported by the project number 116C048 within the framework of the TUBITAK 2232 Scholarship Program. The outputs of this study are applied on the web-based reservation platform of sea-rail multimodal freight transport for development of Ship2Rail project (http://www.ship2rail.com/).

Uluslararası Deniz-Demir Yolu Kombine Yük Taşımacılığında Maliyet Dağıtım Yöntemlerinin Analizi

Öz

Kombine yük
taşımacılığında rekabet üstünlüğünün ve operasyonel verimlilik seviyesinin
arttırılabilmesi için yüklerin konsolide edilebilmesine sıklıkla
başvurulmaktadır. Kombine yük taşımacılığı zinciri üzerinde bulunan taşıma
ağları birden fazla ortak arasında yatay işbirliklerini gerektirmektedir. Bu
bağlamda, sağlanacak işbirliği vasıtasıyla elde edilecek faydanın tüm
katılımcılar yani paydaşlar arasında adil bir şekilde dağıtımının (tahsis)
nasıl yapılması gerektiği ile ilgili soruyla karşılaşılmaktadır. Şu ana kadar
yapılan bilimsel çalışmalar, daha ziyade tek türlü kara yolu taşımacılığında
nakliyatçılar ve taşıyıcılar arasındaki işbirlikleri üzerinden dağıtım
modellerinin geliştirilmesine yoğunlaşmıştır, ancak kombine yük taşımacılığında
elde edilen maliyet ya da kazancın dağıtımı ile ilgili yeteri kadar araştırma
yapılamamıştır. Bunun yanı sıra kombine yük taşımacılığında deniz ve demir yolu
yük taşımacılığı operatörlerinin kullandığı farklı boyut ve ebatta gemi ve tren
tiplerinin farklı fiyat yapılarını içermesinden dolayı dağıtım mekanizmalarının
uygulanması tek türlü taşımacılığa göre hayli karmaşıktır. Bu çalışmada kombine
yük taşımacılığında kullanılan maliyet dağıtım modelleri incelenecektir. Bunun
yanı sıra üç çeşit maliyet dağıtım modeli, sırasıyla orantılı tahsis
mekanizması, ayrıştırma yöntemi ve Shapley değeri olarak, eşit olan yük
gönderimlerine sahip iki, üç ve dört ortak deniz-demir yolu kombine taşımacılık
operatöründen oluşan koalisyon yapısına göre birbirleriyle karşılaştırılarak
analiz edilecek ve elde edilen sonuçların sürdürülebilirliği gösterilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yük Koalisyonu, Kombine Taşımacılık, Konsolidasyon, Maliyet Dağıtımı, Yatay işbirliği, Deniz-Demir Yolu

Proje Numarası

116C048

Kaynakça

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