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Vaccine Supply Chain Processes: Problems and Digital Solutions

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 62, 922 - 944, 30.04.2021

İkbal Ece Dizbay Ömer Öztürkoğlu

https://doi.org/10.19168/jyasar.765783
Cited By: 2

Öz

One of the most important methods of preventing the spread of epidemics is vaccination. It is also possible to eliminate epidemic disease by using the vaccination method. However, in order to prevent epidemics, the cold chain should not be corrupted in any of the supply chain stages of the vaccines and the vaccines should be treated under proper conditions. If proper conditions are not provided, vaccine loss occurs and this loss results with low immunity rates in the society, higher environmental waste, increased immunization costs etc... In this study, problems that lead to losses in the vaccine supply chain are examined. Then, with the literature review, the benefits of developing technology and methods within the scope of Industry 4.0 will be handled to solve the identified problems in the vaccine supply chain.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Vaccine Supply Chain Management Cold Chain Industry 4.0

Kaynakça

  • Arifoğlu, K., S. Deo, ve & S. M. Iravani. 2012. «Consumption externality and yield uncertainty in the influenza vaccine supply chain: Interventions in demand and supply sides.» Management Science 58 (6): 1072-1091.
  • Ashok, A., M. Brison, ve Y. LeTallec. 2017. «Improving cold chain systems: Challenges and solutions.» Vaccine 35: 2217-2223.
  • Assi, Tina-Marie, Shawn T. Brown, Souleymane Kone, Bryan A. Norman, Ali Djibo, Diana L. Connor, Angela R. Wateska, Jayant Rajgopal, Rachel B. Slayton, ve Bruce Y. Lee. 2013. «Removing the regional level from the Niger vaccine supply chain.» Vaccine 31 (26): 2828-2834.
  • Bharath, S. 2016. «Smart Portable IOT Vaccine Monitor.» International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research (IJETR) 5 (3): 2454-4698.
  • Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi, Vincenza Gianfredi, Milena Villarini, Roberto Rosselli, Ahmed Nasr, Amr Hussein, Mariano Martini, ve and Masoud Behzadifar. 2018. «Vaccines Meet Big Data: State-of-the-Art and Future Prospects. From the Classical 3Is (“Isolate–Inactivate–Inject”) Vaccinology 1.0 to Vaccinology 3.0, Vaccinomics, and Beyond: A Historical Overview.» Front Public Health 6 (62).
  • Brooks, A., D. Habimana, ve G. Huckerby. 2017. «Making the leap into the next generation: a commentary on how gavi, the vaccine alliance is supporting countries’ supply chain transformations in 2016-2020.» Vaccine 35 (17): 2110-2110.
  • Chiu, Ruey-kei, Chi-Ming Chang, ve Yen-Chun Chang. 2008. «A Forecasting Model for Deciding Annual Vaccine Demand.» 2008 Fourth International Conference on Natural Computation. Jinan, Çin: IEEE. 107-111.
  • Chopra, S., Meindl, P. 2017. Tedarik zinciri yönetimi:: Strateji, planlama ve operasyon. Çeviren Emrah ed. Bulut. Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi.
  • Comes, Tina, Kristin Bertora Sandvik, ve Bartel Van de Walle. 2018. «Cold Chains, interrupted: The use of technology and information for decisions that keep humanitarian vaccines cool.» Journal of Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain Management 8 (1): 49-69.
  • Controlled Temperature Chain Working Group. 2017. Controlled Temperature Chain: Strategic Roadmap for Priority Vaccines 2017-2020. Geneva: World Health Organization.
  • De Boeck, Kim, Catherine Decouttere, ve Nico Vandaele. 2019. «Vaccine distribution chains in low- and middle-income countries: A literature review.» Omega Basım aşamasında.
  • Dessouky, M., F. Ordóñez, H. Jia, ve Z. Shen. 2006. Rapid Distribution of Medical Supplies. Cilt 91, Patient Flow: Reducing Delay in Healthcare Delivery içinde, yazan Hall R.W., 385-410. Boston: Springer.
  • Dhamodharan, A., ve R.A. Proano. 2012. «Determining the optimal vaccine vial size in developing countries: a monte carlo simulation approach.» Health Care Manag. Sci. 15 (3): 188-196.
  • Dhandapani, J., ve R. Uthayakumar. 2019. «An EOQ model for a high cost and most wanted vaccine considering the expiration period.» The Journal of Analysis 27: 55-73.
  • Duijzer, Lotty Evertje, Willem van Jaarsveld, ve Rommert Dekker. 2018. «Literature review: The vaccine supply chain.» Production, Manufacturing and Logistics 268 (1): 174-192.
  • Easterbrook, P.J., T. Roberts, A. Sands, ve R. Peeling. 2017. «Diagnosis of viral hepatitis.» Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS 302-314.
  • Favin, Michael, Robert Steinglass, Rebecca Fields, Kaushik Banerjee, ve Monika Sawhney. 2012. «Why children are not vaccinated: a review of the grey literature.» International Health 4 (4): 229-238.
  • Garcia, Sandra E. 2019. F.A.A. Allows U.P.S. to Deliver Medical Packages Using Drones. 02 10. Erişildi: 02 24, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/02/us/UPS-drone-deliveries.html.
  • Gavi. 2019. 24 04. Erişildi: 02 20, 020. https://www.gavi.org/ghana-launches-the-world-s-largest-vaccine-drone-delivery-network.
  • Gharote, Mangesh Sharad, Abhay Sodani, Girish Palshika, Pujita A Tibrewala, Karunashree Saproo, ve Aditya Bendre. 2015. «Efficient Vaccine Distribution Planning using IoT.» Technical Architects' Conference (TACTiCS 2015). Chennai.
  • Hecht, R., ve G. Gandhi. 2008. «Demand forecasting for preventive AIDS vaccines: economic and policy dimensions.» Pharmacoeconomics. 26 (8): 679-97. HERMES. Erişildi: 09 23, 2019. http://hermes.psc.edu/about.html.
  • Insight Big Data . 2019. 10 02. https://insidebigdata.com/2019/02/10/how-big-data-helps-vaccines-improve/.
  • Kaddara, Miloud, Helen Saxenian, Kamel Senoucic, Ezzeddine Mohsnid, ve Nahad Sadr-Azodi. 2019. «Vaccine procurement in the Middle East and North Africa region: Challenges and ways of improving program efficiency and fiscal space.» Vaccine 37 (27): 3520-3528.
  • Kahn, Anna-Lea, Debra Kristensen, ve Raja Rao. 2017. «Extending supply chains and improving immunization coverage and equity through controlled temperature chain use of vaccines.» Vaccine, 2214-2216.
  • Kaufmann, Judith R., Roger Miller, ve James Cheyne. 2011. «Vaccine Supply Chains Need To Be Better Funded And Strengthened, Or Lives Will Be At Risk.» Health Affairs 30 (6).
  • Küçüktürkmen, Berrin, ve Asuman Bozkır. 2018. «Özel saklama koşulu gerektiren veya soğuk zincire tabi ilaçlar ve uygulamalar açısından değerlendirmeler.» Türk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi 75 (3): 305-322.
  • Lemmens, S, C Decouttere, N Vandaele, ve M Bernuzzi. 2016. «Integrated supply chain network design models for vaccines: a literature review.» Chemical Engineering Research & Design 109: 366 - 384.
  • Lennon, P., B. Atuhaire, S. Yavari, V. Sampath, ve M. N. Mvundura. 2017. «Root cause analysis underscores the importance of understanding, addressing, and communicating cold chain equipment failures to improve equipment performance.» Vaccine 35 (17): 2198-2202.
  • Lim, J., B.A. Norman, ve J. Rajgopal. 2017. «Process redesign and simplified policies for more effective vaccine inventory management Process redesign and simplified policies for more effective vaccine inventory management.» Engineering Management Journal 29 (1): 17-25. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10429247.2016.1277446.
  • Lydon, Patrick, Benjamin Schreiber, Aurelia Gasca, Laure Dumolard, Daniela Urfer, ve Kamel Senoucia. 2017. «Vaccine stockouts around the world: Are essential vaccines always available when needed?» Vaccine 35 (17): 2121-2126.
  • Mertz, Leslie . 2018. «Vaccination Innovation: New Technologies Are Leading the Way to Vaccines That Work Better, Hurt Less.» IEEE Pulse 9 (5): 25 - 30.
  • Mueller, L.E., L.A. Haidari, A.R. Wateska, R.J. Phillips, M.M. Schmitz, D.L. Connor, ve ... 2016. «The impact of implementing a demand forecasting system into a low-income country's supply chain.» Vaccine 34 (32): 3663-3669. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.05.027.
  • Norman, B.A., S. Nourollahi, S.I. Chen, S.T. Brown, E.G. Claypool, L.D. Connor D, M.M. Schmitz, J. Rajgopal, A.R. Wateska, ve B.Y. Lee. 2013. «A passive cold storage device economic model to evaluate selected immunization location scenarios.» Vaccine 31 (45): 5232-5328.
  • Public Health England. 2019. «Green Book.» 03 19. Erişildi: 02 11, 2020. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/storage-distribution-and-disposal-of-vaccines-the-green-book-chapter-3.
  • Rogers, Bonnie, Kim Dennison, Nikki Adepoju, ve Shelia Dowd. 2010. «Vaccine cold chain: part 1. proper handling and storage of vaccine.» AAOHN J. 58 (8): 337-345.
  • Schwenker, Burkhard. 2019. «A SOUND GRASP OF THE MOST IMPORTANT MEGATRENDS: A BIGGER PICTURE FOR A BETTER STRATEGY.» https://www.rolandberger.com.
  • Scott, Judy E., ve Carlton H. Scott. 2017. «Drone Delivery Models for Healthcare.» Proceedings of the 50th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Hawaii. 3297-3304.
  • Scott, Nick, Anna Palmer, Christopher Morgan, ve Olufunmilayo Lesi. 2018. «Cost-effectiveness of the controlled temperature chain for the hepatitis B virus birth dose vaccine in various global settings: a modelling study.» The Lancet Global Health 6: e659–67.
  • Setia, S, H Mainzer, M.L. Washington, G Coil, R Snyder, ve BG Weniger. 2002. «Frequency and causes of vaccine wastage.» Vaccine 20 (7-8): 1148-56.
  • Shams-ur Rahmana, David K. Smith. 2000. «Use of location-allocation models in health service developmentplanning in developing nations.» Invited Review 123: 437±452.
  • Shittu, E., M. Harnly, S. Whitaker, ve R. Miller. 2016. «Reorganizing nigeria's vaccine supply chain reduces need for additional storage facilities, but more storage is required.» Health Affair 35 (2): 293-300.
  • Sidhu, Sabrina. 2018. Child given world’s first drone-delivered vaccine in Vanuatu - UNICEF. 18 12. Erişildi: 02 24, 2020. https://www.unicef.org/eap/press-releases/child-given-worlds-first-drone-delivered-vaccine-vanuatu-unicef.
  • Smith, J, M Lipsitch, ve J Almond. 2011. «Vaccine production, distribution,access, and uptake.» The Lancet 378 (9789): 428–438.
  • Strategic Advisory Group of Experts . 2016. Pre-empting and responding to vaccine supply shortages. April. Erişildi: 01 09, 2020. http://www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2016/april/presentations_background_docs/en/index1.html.
  • T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. 2018. Aşı Portalı. Erişildi: 11 06, 2019. https://asi.saglik.gov.tr/genel-bilgiler/34-aşı-nedir.html.
  • T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. 2008. Genişletilmiş Bağışıklama Programı Genelgesi . Ankara: T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı.
  • Vaccines Europe. 2016. The EU Vaccine Industry in Figures. 13 07. Erişildi: 11 07, 2019. https://www.vaccineseurope.eu/about-vaccines/vaccines-europe-in-figures/.
  • WHO. 2018. Controlled temperature chain (CTC). 12 07. Erişildi: 08 24, 2019. https://www.who.int/immunization/programmes_systems/supply_chain/ctc/en/.
  • WHO. 2005. Guidelines on the international packaging and shipping of vaccines. Geneva: WHO.
  • WHO. 2003. Intercountry Meeting on Vaccine Procurement for Self-Procuring Countries (Central and Eastern Europe, Turkey and NIS). Kophenag: WHO.
  • WHO. 2002. Intercountry meeting on vaccine procurement for self-procuring countries. Copenhagen: WHO.
  • WHO. 2015. Module 2: The vaccine cold chain. Genewa: World Health Organisation, 5. Erişildi: 09 05, 2019. https://www.who.int/immunization/documents/IIP2015_Module2.pdf.
  • WHO. 2005. Monitoring waccine wastage at country level. Geneva : World Health Organization.
  • WHO. 2008. Training for mid-level managers (MLM) 1. Cold chain, vaccines and safe-injection equipment management. Geneva : World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/immunization/documents/MLM_module1.pdf.
  • WHO. 2012. WHO/ Health Canada Drafting Group Meeting on Scientific and Regulatory Considerations on the Stability Evaluation of Vaccines under Controlled Temperature Chain. Ottawa: World Health Organization.
  • WHO, ve PATH. 2014. Temperature Sensitivity of Vaccines. World Health Organisation. https://www.who.int/immunization/programmes_systems/supply_chain/resources/VaccineStability_EN.pdf.
  • WHO/UNICEF joint statement. 2016. Achieving immunization targets with the comprehensive effective vaccine management (EVM) framework. New YorK: World Health Organization.
  • World Health Organization. 2005. Monitoring vaccine wastage at country level. Geneva: World Health Organization.
  • Yong, Binbin, Jun Shen, Xin Liu, Fucun Li, Huaming Chen, ve Qingguo Zhou. 2020. «An intelligent blockchain-based system for safe vaccine supply and supervision.» International Journal of Information Management 52.
  • Zaffran, Michel, Jos Vandelaer, Debra Kristensen, Bjørn Melgaard, Prashant Yadav, K. O. Antwi-Agyeig, ve Heidi Lasher. 2013. «The imperative for stronger vaccine supply and logistics systems.» Vaccine 31 (2): B73-B80.
  • Zheng, Wang, Zhou Chun-yue, ve Hu Xiang-pei. 2013. «A simulation-based method for evaluating the reliability of vehicle routing schemes in the vaccine delivery with vehicle breakdown.» 2013 International Conference on Management Science and Engineering 20th Annual Conference Proceedings. Harbin: IEEE. 258-262.

Aşı Tedarik Zinciri Süreçleri: Karşılaşılan Sorunlar ve Dijital Çözümler

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 62, 922 - 944, 30.04.2021

İkbal Ece Dizbay Ömer Öztürkoğlu

https://doi.org/10.19168/jyasar.765783
Cited By: 2

Öz

Salgın hastalıkların yayılımını engelleme yöntemlerinin en önemlilerinden biri aşılama yöntemidir. Aşılama yöntemi kullanılarak salgın hastalıkların tamamen yok edilmesi de mümkün olabilmektedir. Ancak hastalık veya salgınların önüne geçebilmesi için aşıların tedarik zinciri aşamalarından herhangi birinde soğuk zincirin bozulmaması ve uygun koşullarda işlem yapılması gerekmektedir. Uygun koşullar sağlanamadığı takdirde aşı fireleri ortaya çıkmakta ve bu durum toplumda bağışıklık oranlarının düşük olmasına, çevresel atıklara ve bağışıklama maliyetlerinin yükselmesine sebep olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada aşı tedarik zinciri aşamalarında aşı firelerine yol açan sebepler incelenmiştir. Ardından literatür taraması ile, gelişen teknoloji ve Endüstri 4.0 kapsamında yer alan yöntemlerin aşı tedarik zincirinde belirlenen sorunların çözümüne sağlayacağı faydalar incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aşı Tedarik Zinciri Endüstri 4.0 Soğuk Zincir

Kaynakça

  • Arifoğlu, K., S. Deo, ve & S. M. Iravani. 2012. «Consumption externality and yield uncertainty in the influenza vaccine supply chain: Interventions in demand and supply sides.» Management Science 58 (6): 1072-1091.
  • Ashok, A., M. Brison, ve Y. LeTallec. 2017. «Improving cold chain systems: Challenges and solutions.» Vaccine 35: 2217-2223.
  • Assi, Tina-Marie, Shawn T. Brown, Souleymane Kone, Bryan A. Norman, Ali Djibo, Diana L. Connor, Angela R. Wateska, Jayant Rajgopal, Rachel B. Slayton, ve Bruce Y. Lee. 2013. «Removing the regional level from the Niger vaccine supply chain.» Vaccine 31 (26): 2828-2834.
  • Bharath, S. 2016. «Smart Portable IOT Vaccine Monitor.» International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research (IJETR) 5 (3): 2454-4698.
  • Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi, Vincenza Gianfredi, Milena Villarini, Roberto Rosselli, Ahmed Nasr, Amr Hussein, Mariano Martini, ve and Masoud Behzadifar. 2018. «Vaccines Meet Big Data: State-of-the-Art and Future Prospects. From the Classical 3Is (“Isolate–Inactivate–Inject”) Vaccinology 1.0 to Vaccinology 3.0, Vaccinomics, and Beyond: A Historical Overview.» Front Public Health 6 (62).
  • Brooks, A., D. Habimana, ve G. Huckerby. 2017. «Making the leap into the next generation: a commentary on how gavi, the vaccine alliance is supporting countries’ supply chain transformations in 2016-2020.» Vaccine 35 (17): 2110-2110.
  • Chiu, Ruey-kei, Chi-Ming Chang, ve Yen-Chun Chang. 2008. «A Forecasting Model for Deciding Annual Vaccine Demand.» 2008 Fourth International Conference on Natural Computation. Jinan, Çin: IEEE. 107-111.
  • Chopra, S., Meindl, P. 2017. Tedarik zinciri yönetimi:: Strateji, planlama ve operasyon. Çeviren Emrah ed. Bulut. Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi.
  • Comes, Tina, Kristin Bertora Sandvik, ve Bartel Van de Walle. 2018. «Cold Chains, interrupted: The use of technology and information for decisions that keep humanitarian vaccines cool.» Journal of Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain Management 8 (1): 49-69.
  • Controlled Temperature Chain Working Group. 2017. Controlled Temperature Chain: Strategic Roadmap for Priority Vaccines 2017-2020. Geneva: World Health Organization.
  • De Boeck, Kim, Catherine Decouttere, ve Nico Vandaele. 2019. «Vaccine distribution chains in low- and middle-income countries: A literature review.» Omega Basım aşamasında.
  • Dessouky, M., F. Ordóñez, H. Jia, ve Z. Shen. 2006. Rapid Distribution of Medical Supplies. Cilt 91, Patient Flow: Reducing Delay in Healthcare Delivery içinde, yazan Hall R.W., 385-410. Boston: Springer.
  • Dhamodharan, A., ve R.A. Proano. 2012. «Determining the optimal vaccine vial size in developing countries: a monte carlo simulation approach.» Health Care Manag. Sci. 15 (3): 188-196.
  • Dhandapani, J., ve R. Uthayakumar. 2019. «An EOQ model for a high cost and most wanted vaccine considering the expiration period.» The Journal of Analysis 27: 55-73.
  • Duijzer, Lotty Evertje, Willem van Jaarsveld, ve Rommert Dekker. 2018. «Literature review: The vaccine supply chain.» Production, Manufacturing and Logistics 268 (1): 174-192.
  • Easterbrook, P.J., T. Roberts, A. Sands, ve R. Peeling. 2017. «Diagnosis of viral hepatitis.» Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS 302-314.
  • Favin, Michael, Robert Steinglass, Rebecca Fields, Kaushik Banerjee, ve Monika Sawhney. 2012. «Why children are not vaccinated: a review of the grey literature.» International Health 4 (4): 229-238.
  • Garcia, Sandra E. 2019. F.A.A. Allows U.P.S. to Deliver Medical Packages Using Drones. 02 10. Erişildi: 02 24, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/02/us/UPS-drone-deliveries.html.
  • Gavi. 2019. 24 04. Erişildi: 02 20, 020. https://www.gavi.org/ghana-launches-the-world-s-largest-vaccine-drone-delivery-network.
  • Gharote, Mangesh Sharad, Abhay Sodani, Girish Palshika, Pujita A Tibrewala, Karunashree Saproo, ve Aditya Bendre. 2015. «Efficient Vaccine Distribution Planning using IoT.» Technical Architects' Conference (TACTiCS 2015). Chennai.
  • Hecht, R., ve G. Gandhi. 2008. «Demand forecasting for preventive AIDS vaccines: economic and policy dimensions.» Pharmacoeconomics. 26 (8): 679-97. HERMES. Erişildi: 09 23, 2019. http://hermes.psc.edu/about.html.
  • Insight Big Data . 2019. 10 02. https://insidebigdata.com/2019/02/10/how-big-data-helps-vaccines-improve/.
  • Kaddara, Miloud, Helen Saxenian, Kamel Senoucic, Ezzeddine Mohsnid, ve Nahad Sadr-Azodi. 2019. «Vaccine procurement in the Middle East and North Africa region: Challenges and ways of improving program efficiency and fiscal space.» Vaccine 37 (27): 3520-3528.
  • Kahn, Anna-Lea, Debra Kristensen, ve Raja Rao. 2017. «Extending supply chains and improving immunization coverage and equity through controlled temperature chain use of vaccines.» Vaccine, 2214-2216.
  • Kaufmann, Judith R., Roger Miller, ve James Cheyne. 2011. «Vaccine Supply Chains Need To Be Better Funded And Strengthened, Or Lives Will Be At Risk.» Health Affairs 30 (6).
  • Küçüktürkmen, Berrin, ve Asuman Bozkır. 2018. «Özel saklama koşulu gerektiren veya soğuk zincire tabi ilaçlar ve uygulamalar açısından değerlendirmeler.» Türk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi 75 (3): 305-322.
  • Lemmens, S, C Decouttere, N Vandaele, ve M Bernuzzi. 2016. «Integrated supply chain network design models for vaccines: a literature review.» Chemical Engineering Research & Design 109: 366 - 384.
  • Lennon, P., B. Atuhaire, S. Yavari, V. Sampath, ve M. N. Mvundura. 2017. «Root cause analysis underscores the importance of understanding, addressing, and communicating cold chain equipment failures to improve equipment performance.» Vaccine 35 (17): 2198-2202.
  • Lim, J., B.A. Norman, ve J. Rajgopal. 2017. «Process redesign and simplified policies for more effective vaccine inventory management Process redesign and simplified policies for more effective vaccine inventory management.» Engineering Management Journal 29 (1): 17-25. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10429247.2016.1277446.
  • Lydon, Patrick, Benjamin Schreiber, Aurelia Gasca, Laure Dumolard, Daniela Urfer, ve Kamel Senoucia. 2017. «Vaccine stockouts around the world: Are essential vaccines always available when needed?» Vaccine 35 (17): 2121-2126.
  • Mertz, Leslie . 2018. «Vaccination Innovation: New Technologies Are Leading the Way to Vaccines That Work Better, Hurt Less.» IEEE Pulse 9 (5): 25 - 30.
  • Mueller, L.E., L.A. Haidari, A.R. Wateska, R.J. Phillips, M.M. Schmitz, D.L. Connor, ve ... 2016. «The impact of implementing a demand forecasting system into a low-income country's supply chain.» Vaccine 34 (32): 3663-3669. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.05.027.
  • Norman, B.A., S. Nourollahi, S.I. Chen, S.T. Brown, E.G. Claypool, L.D. Connor D, M.M. Schmitz, J. Rajgopal, A.R. Wateska, ve B.Y. Lee. 2013. «A passive cold storage device economic model to evaluate selected immunization location scenarios.» Vaccine 31 (45): 5232-5328.
  • Public Health England. 2019. «Green Book.» 03 19. Erişildi: 02 11, 2020. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/storage-distribution-and-disposal-of-vaccines-the-green-book-chapter-3.
  • Rogers, Bonnie, Kim Dennison, Nikki Adepoju, ve Shelia Dowd. 2010. «Vaccine cold chain: part 1. proper handling and storage of vaccine.» AAOHN J. 58 (8): 337-345.
  • Schwenker, Burkhard. 2019. «A SOUND GRASP OF THE MOST IMPORTANT MEGATRENDS: A BIGGER PICTURE FOR A BETTER STRATEGY.» https://www.rolandberger.com.
  • Scott, Judy E., ve Carlton H. Scott. 2017. «Drone Delivery Models for Healthcare.» Proceedings of the 50th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Hawaii. 3297-3304.
  • Scott, Nick, Anna Palmer, Christopher Morgan, ve Olufunmilayo Lesi. 2018. «Cost-effectiveness of the controlled temperature chain for the hepatitis B virus birth dose vaccine in various global settings: a modelling study.» The Lancet Global Health 6: e659–67.
  • Setia, S, H Mainzer, M.L. Washington, G Coil, R Snyder, ve BG Weniger. 2002. «Frequency and causes of vaccine wastage.» Vaccine 20 (7-8): 1148-56.
  • Shams-ur Rahmana, David K. Smith. 2000. «Use of location-allocation models in health service developmentplanning in developing nations.» Invited Review 123: 437±452.
  • Shittu, E., M. Harnly, S. Whitaker, ve R. Miller. 2016. «Reorganizing nigeria's vaccine supply chain reduces need for additional storage facilities, but more storage is required.» Health Affair 35 (2): 293-300.
  • Sidhu, Sabrina. 2018. Child given world’s first drone-delivered vaccine in Vanuatu - UNICEF. 18 12. Erişildi: 02 24, 2020. https://www.unicef.org/eap/press-releases/child-given-worlds-first-drone-delivered-vaccine-vanuatu-unicef.
  • Smith, J, M Lipsitch, ve J Almond. 2011. «Vaccine production, distribution,access, and uptake.» The Lancet 378 (9789): 428–438.
  • Strategic Advisory Group of Experts . 2016. Pre-empting and responding to vaccine supply shortages. April. Erişildi: 01 09, 2020. http://www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2016/april/presentations_background_docs/en/index1.html.
  • T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. 2018. Aşı Portalı. Erişildi: 11 06, 2019. https://asi.saglik.gov.tr/genel-bilgiler/34-aşı-nedir.html.
  • T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. 2008. Genişletilmiş Bağışıklama Programı Genelgesi . Ankara: T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı.
  • Vaccines Europe. 2016. The EU Vaccine Industry in Figures. 13 07. Erişildi: 11 07, 2019. https://www.vaccineseurope.eu/about-vaccines/vaccines-europe-in-figures/.
  • WHO. 2018. Controlled temperature chain (CTC). 12 07. Erişildi: 08 24, 2019. https://www.who.int/immunization/programmes_systems/supply_chain/ctc/en/.
  • WHO. 2005. Guidelines on the international packaging and shipping of vaccines. Geneva: WHO.
  • WHO. 2003. Intercountry Meeting on Vaccine Procurement for Self-Procuring Countries (Central and Eastern Europe, Turkey and NIS). Kophenag: WHO.
  • WHO. 2002. Intercountry meeting on vaccine procurement for self-procuring countries. Copenhagen: WHO.
  • WHO. 2015. Module 2: The vaccine cold chain. Genewa: World Health Organisation, 5. Erişildi: 09 05, 2019. https://www.who.int/immunization/documents/IIP2015_Module2.pdf.
  • WHO. 2005. Monitoring waccine wastage at country level. Geneva : World Health Organization.
  • WHO. 2008. Training for mid-level managers (MLM) 1. Cold chain, vaccines and safe-injection equipment management. Geneva : World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/immunization/documents/MLM_module1.pdf.
  • WHO. 2012. WHO/ Health Canada Drafting Group Meeting on Scientific and Regulatory Considerations on the Stability Evaluation of Vaccines under Controlled Temperature Chain. Ottawa: World Health Organization.
  • WHO, ve PATH. 2014. Temperature Sensitivity of Vaccines. World Health Organisation. https://www.who.int/immunization/programmes_systems/supply_chain/resources/VaccineStability_EN.pdf.
  • WHO/UNICEF joint statement. 2016. Achieving immunization targets with the comprehensive effective vaccine management (EVM) framework. New YorK: World Health Organization.
  • World Health Organization. 2005. Monitoring vaccine wastage at country level. Geneva: World Health Organization.
  • Yong, Binbin, Jun Shen, Xin Liu, Fucun Li, Huaming Chen, ve Qingguo Zhou. 2020. «An intelligent blockchain-based system for safe vaccine supply and supervision.» International Journal of Information Management 52.
  • Zaffran, Michel, Jos Vandelaer, Debra Kristensen, Bjørn Melgaard, Prashant Yadav, K. O. Antwi-Agyeig, ve Heidi Lasher. 2013. «The imperative for stronger vaccine supply and logistics systems.» Vaccine 31 (2): B73-B80.
  • Zheng, Wang, Zhou Chun-yue, ve Hu Xiang-pei. 2013. «A simulation-based method for evaluating the reliability of vehicle routing schemes in the vaccine delivery with vehicle breakdown.» 2013 International Conference on Management Science and Engineering 20th Annual Conference Proceedings. Harbin: IEEE. 258-262.
Toplam 61 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

İkbal Ece Dizbay 0000-0003-2431-4269

Ömer Öztürkoğlu 0000-0003-3937-6657

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 16 Sayı: 62

Kaynak Göster

APA Dizbay, İ. E., & Öztürkoğlu, Ö. (2021). Aşı Tedarik Zinciri Süreçleri: Karşılaşılan Sorunlar ve Dijital Çözümler. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi, 16(62), 922-944. https://doi.org/10.19168/jyasar.765783
AMA Dizbay İE, Öztürkoğlu Ö. Aşı Tedarik Zinciri Süreçleri: Karşılaşılan Sorunlar ve Dijital Çözümler. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi. Nisan 2021;16(62):922-944. doi:10.19168/jyasar.765783
Chicago Dizbay, İkbal Ece, ve Ömer Öztürkoğlu. “Aşı Tedarik Zinciri Süreçleri: Karşılaşılan Sorunlar Ve Dijital Çözümler”. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi 16, sy. 62 (Nisan 2021): 922-44. https://doi.org/10.19168/jyasar.765783.
EndNote Dizbay İE, Öztürkoğlu Ö (01 Nisan 2021) Aşı Tedarik Zinciri Süreçleri: Karşılaşılan Sorunlar ve Dijital Çözümler. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi 16 62 922–944.
IEEE İ. E. Dizbay ve Ö. Öztürkoğlu, “Aşı Tedarik Zinciri Süreçleri: Karşılaşılan Sorunlar ve Dijital Çözümler”, Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi, c. 16, sy. 62, ss. 922–944, 2021, doi: 10.19168/jyasar.765783.
ISNAD Dizbay, İkbal Ece - Öztürkoğlu, Ömer. “Aşı Tedarik Zinciri Süreçleri: Karşılaşılan Sorunlar Ve Dijital Çözümler”. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi 16/62 (Nisan 2021), 922-944. https://doi.org/10.19168/jyasar.765783.
JAMA Dizbay İE, Öztürkoğlu Ö. Aşı Tedarik Zinciri Süreçleri: Karşılaşılan Sorunlar ve Dijital Çözümler. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi. 2021;16:922–944.
MLA Dizbay, İkbal Ece ve Ömer Öztürkoğlu. “Aşı Tedarik Zinciri Süreçleri: Karşılaşılan Sorunlar Ve Dijital Çözümler”. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi, c. 16, sy. 62, 2021, ss. 922-44, doi:10.19168/jyasar.765783.
Vancouver Dizbay İE, Öztürkoğlu Ö. Aşı Tedarik Zinciri Süreçleri: Karşılaşılan Sorunlar ve Dijital Çözümler. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi. 2021;16(62):922-44.

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