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TE’VİL VE TEKFİR KURAMI ÇERÇEVESİNDE GAZZÂLÎ’NİN TOPLUMSAL BARIŞA KATKISI

Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2 31 Temmuz 2017
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The Contribution of Gazzali to Social Peace in the Framework of Takfir and Ta’wil Theories

Abstract

One of the reasons for the political and economic instability of Muslims today is the religious and the ideological divisions. The disputes that started shortly after the death of the Prophet resulted in the emergence of different sects and internal conflicts between Muslims emerged when these sects were mutually accused of disbelief (takfir). It is generally observed in Muslim societies that different thinkers and believers have been pushed out of religion by being accused of unbeliever or they have been pushed out of the room of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jamaah by accusing them of heresy; so it seems that different groups of thought have been tried to be excluded and alienated. Undoubtedly, the most dangerous of these exclusion means was the weapon of takfir because of the legal consequences. Beginning with the Khawarij for the first time in Islamic history the takfir issue is a problem which deepens the religious and political divisions among Muslims and which effects continue even today. When we look at the history of Muslims, almost every party has found a reason to brands the sects unbeliever except its own sect. At the beginning of these reasons undoubtedly comes the issue of ta'wil. Gazzâlî (d. 505/111), which has been alienated because of some of his views and given a fatwa in the direction of burning his works, tried to clarify the concepts of takfir and ta'vil by writing an article titled “Faysalü’t-tefrika beyne’l-İslam ve’z-zendeka” and has developed a unique method in this regard. Gazzâlî has made an important opening in the subject of ta'wil and takfir in this article and closed this path to whom that accused everybody outside their own sect of being unbeliever. Thus, he has established a framework to enable different denominations and communities to live together with peace in Islamic societies. 

Keywords

Gazzali,takfir,ta'wil,social peace,coexistence

Kaynakça

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  8. Gazzâlî, Ebû Hâmid, Tehâfütü’l-felâsife. trc. Mahmut Kaya-Hüseyin Sarıoğlu, Yazma Eserler Kurumu Başkanlığı, İstanbul, 2014.
  9. Gazzâlî, Ebû Hâmid, İslam’da Müsamaha, çev. Süleyman Uludağ, Dergâh Yayınları, İstanbul, 2014.
  10. Gazzâlî, Ebû Hâmid, İlcâmü’l-avâm ʻan ʻilmi’l-kelâm. thk. İ. E. Muhammed, Mecmuaʻtür’-resâili’l-Gazzâlî içinde, ss. 319-355, Mektebetü’T-tevfikiyye, Mısır, ts.

Kaynak Göster

ISNAD
Kandemir, Ahmet Mekin. “TE’VİL VE TEKFİR KURAMI ÇERÇEVESİNDE GAZZÂLÎ’NİN TOPLUMSAL BARIŞA KATKISI”. KADER Kelam Araştırmaları Dergisi 15/2 (01 Temmuz 2017): 343-361. https://doi.org/10.18317/kader.316806.