Kalām Studies in the Indian Subcontinent (A Bibliographical Study)

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1, 94 - 123, 30.06.2019

Harun Işık

https://doi.org/10.18317/kaderdergi.513721

Öz

Though, the tradition of Muslim religious-scientific work in the Indian Subcontinent can be traced back to 12th century, especially Shaykh Ahmad Sirhindī, Shaykh Abd al-Haqq Muhaddith Dihlawī, Shaykh Abdur Rahim and Shah Waliullah are the most important figures of 18th century and later. Examined carefully the works on aqaid and ‘ilm al-kalām written by these scholars of Sunni tradition, in the light of the method adopted by them, it is seen that they are either regarded as traditionalist, modernist or rationalist. Meanwhile, Shiism, which was already present in the Subcontinent since the rise of the Safavid Dynasty with scholars from Ithnā ‘Ashariyah (Twelver Shiites) and Ismā‘ilīyah, is also influential in the region with their thoughts and works. Similarly, considering the works of later Shiite scholars, it can be said that some are considered to have a traditionalist perspective while others to have modernist. Apart from all these, Qādiyānīs, except Lahor branch, took also place in the history of Indian Subcontinent thought as a heretic formation within the Islamic tradition. The aim of this study which was prepared via the data obtained by the support of Erciyes University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit under grant number 8217 is to present a bibliographical survey of the works on aqâid and ‘ilm al-kalām focusing on the development of Islamic thought in the Indian Subcontinent, especially after Shah Waliullah.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Indian Subcontinent, Sunni, Shia, Traditionalism, Rationalism, Modernism, Heresy

Hint Alt Kıtası’nda İlm-i Kelâm Çalışmaları (Bibliyografik Bir Deneme)

Öz

Hint alt kıtasında Müslümanlara ait dinî-ilmî eser geleneği, milâdî XII. yüzyıldan itibaren başlamış ve günümüze kadar gelmiştir. Özellikle Şeyh Ahmed Sirhindî, Şeyh Abdülhak Muhaddis Dihlevî, Şeyh Abdürrahim ve Şah Veliyyullah 18. yüzyıl ve sonrasına kaynaklık teşkil eden önemli şahsiyetlerdir. Sünnî geleneğe mensup İslâm düşünürlerinin kaleme aldığı Akâidve Kelam’a dair eserlerde benimsedikleri yöntem incelendiğinde, gelenekçiler, modernistler ve rasyonalistler olarak üç gruba ayrıldıkları görülmektedir. Şîa da Safevî Hânedanlığının yükselişinin ardından bölgedekendisini göstermeye başlamış, İsnâ Aşeriyye’ye ve İsmailî âlimler düşünce ve eserleriyle bölgede etkili olmuşlardır. Şiî âlimlerin bazısının gelenekçi bazısının da modernist olduğunu söyleyebiliriz.  Kādiyânilik de Lahor kolu hariç, İslâmî gelenek içerisindeki heretik bir yapı olarak alt kıtanındüşünce tarihindeki yerini almıştır. Erciyes Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi tarafından 8217 nolu proje kapsamında elde edilen veriler ışığında hazırlanan bu çalışmanın amacı, İslâm düşüncesinin Hint alt kıtasındaki gelişimi bağlamında özellikle Şah Veliyullah sonrasına ait Akâid ve Kelam ilmi alanındaki çalışmaların bibliyografik açıdan tespit edilmesidir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hindistan, Gelenekçiler, Modernistler, Rasyonalistler, Sünnîlik, Şîa, Kādiyânîlik, Rasyonalistler

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