Basil Altaie’nin Kelâm’a Dayalı Sürekli Yeniden Yaratılış Yaklaşımı ve Onun Hristiyan Kökenli Kuantum İlahi Eylem Modelleriyle Karşılaştırılması

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 2, 435 - 464, 31.12.2024

Hakan Turan Çevirmen: Hakan Turan

Öz

Yaygın kabule göre kuantum teorisi fiziksel alemin mikro süreçleri için bir indeterminizmi, yani mekanik zorunluluğu aşan bir gelecek belirsizliğini öngörür. Bu indeterminizmin ontolojik olarak ne anlama geldiği yaklaşık bir asırdır tartışılmıştır. Bu esnada ortaya atılan tezlerden bir tanesine göre her olguda mevcut olduğu varsayılan belirsizliklerin ve onlarla istatistiksel olarak örtüşen mikroskopik rastlantıların son gerçek olmadığı, bilakis kuantum belirsizliğin metafizik bir perde arkasına sahip olduğudur. Ona göre bu perde arkası her mikro olgunun somut neticesini aktif olarak takdir eden ve yaratan bir Tanrı’nın varlığıdır. Modern bilimi ve yaratıcı bir ilah konseptini birbiriyle bağdaştırma niyetiyle yola çıkan ve özellikle Hristiyan bilim adamları ve felsefeciler tarafından geliştirilen “kuantum ilahi eylem” modelleri bu indeterminizmden yola çıkmaktadır. Bu makale, Müslüman teorik fizikçi ve kelâm bilgini Basil Altaie’nin kelâm ilmine dayalı bir kuantum ilahi eylem modeli olarak yorumlanabilecek doğa felsefesini, Hristiyan yaklaşımlar ile mukayese ederek felsefi ve teolojik açılardan inceleyip tartışmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kelâm, İlahi eylem, Kuantum indeterminizmi, Doğa yasaları, Okasyonalizm

The Kalām-based Continous Re-creation Approach of Basil Altaie Compared to Quantum Divine Action Models from Christian Contexts

Öz

It is widely accepted that quantum theory predicts an indeterminism for the micro-processes of the physical realm, i.e. a future uncertainty that transcends mechanical necessity. What this indeterminism means ontologically has been debated for nearly a century. According to one of the theses put forward during this time, the uncertainties that are assumed to be present in every phenomenon and the microscopic coincidences that statistically coincide with them are not the ultimate reality, but rather quantum uncertainty has a metaphysical behind-the-scenes, namely the existence of a God who actively ordains and creates the concrete outcome of every micro phenomenon. It is from this indeterminacy that the “quantum divine action” models, especially those put forward by Christian scientists and philosophers with the intention of reconciling modern science with the concept of a creator God, start. This article analyses the natural philosophy of the Muslim theoretical physicist and scholar of Islamic Kalām theology Basil Altaie, which can be interpreted as a quantum divine action model based on Islamic theology. Altaie’s approach is here discussed from different philosophical and theological perspectives and compared with Christian approaches.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kalām, Divine action, Quantum indeterminism, Natural laws, Occasionalism

Kaynakça

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