Physical Activity: From Health to the Academic Success

Öz

Nowadays, with the spread of sedentary life and the increasing negative effects of it, the importance and necessity of physical activity for human nature is gaining more and more Considering its contributions to the protection and development of health, as well as its effects on different areas of development, the importance of physical activity in human life is increasing everyday. With this review, the effects of physical activity on general health and physical appearance, as well as its effects on psychological, social and cognitive areas, the neurological changes it causes in the brain and, accordingly, its effects on academic success are revealed. When the parameters of the type, intensity, duration and frequency of physical activity and exercise are examined within the framework of the literature, it has been determined that there are changes in the cognitive field and neurological structure. It has been determined that there are no studies that state that physical activity negatively affects academic achievement, on the contrary, there are many studies that talk about positive effects. As a result, physical activity and exercise have an important role in supporting the multifaceted development of individuals, so they should be made a part of life from childhood.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Physical activity
• Cognitive function
• Academic success

Fiziksel Aktivite: Sağlıktan Akademik Başarıya

Öz

Günümüzde hareketsiz yaşamın yaygınlaşması ve olumsuz etkilerinin giderek artmasıyla fiziksel aktivitenin insan doğası için önemi ve gerekliliği de daha fazla anlam kazanmaktadır. Sağlığın korunması ve geliştirilmesine olan katkılarının yanında farklı gelişim alanlarına etkileri de göz önüne alındığında fiziksel aktivitenin insan yaşamındaki önemi gittikçe artmaktadır. Bu derleme ile fiziksel aktivitenin; genel sağlık ve fiziksel görünüm üzerine etkileri ile birlikte, psikolojik, sosyal ve bilişsel alanlar üzerine etkileri, beyinde meydana getirdiği nörolojik değişimler ve tüm bunlara bağlı olarak akademik başarıya olan etkileri ortaya koyulmaktadır. Fiziksel aktivite ve egzersizin türü, şiddeti, süresi ve sıklığı parametreleri literatür çerçevesinde incelendiğinde bilişsel alanda ve nörolojik yapıda meydana gelen değişimlerin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Fiziksel aktivitenin akademik başarıyı negatif yönde etkilediğini ifade eden çalışma olmadığı, aksine olumlu etkilerden bahseden pek çok çalışma olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak fiziksel aktivite ve egzersizin bireylerin çok yönlü gelişimlerinin desteklenmesinde önemli bir role sahip olduğundan çocukluktan itibaren yaşamın bir parçası haline getirilmesi gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fiziksel aktivite
• Bilişsel fonksiyonlar
• Akademik başarı

Kaynakça

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