Assessment and Cross-Language Comparison of ChatGPT’s Responses to Frequently Asked Questions by Pregnant Women: A Multilingual Prospective Observational Study

Öz

Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of ChatGPT in providing pregnancy-related health information in English, Turkish, and Arabic, with a focus on medical accuracy, empathetic communication, clarity, and appropriateness of referral to obstetricians. This research aims to address concerns regarding the variability of response accuracy and quality across different languages. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted within the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Fifteen commonly asked pregnancy-related questions were translated into Turkish and Arabic by certified translators to ensure linguistic accuracy. Responses generated by ChatGPT in English, Turkish, and Arabic were independently assessed by four experienced obstetricians. Evaluation criteria included medical accuracy, empathetic tone, clarity, and appropriateness of referral. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square tests, with statistical significance defined as p < 0.05. Results: Statistically significant differences were identified across languages in terms of medical accuracy (p = 0.0012), empathetic tone (p < 0.001), and clarity (p < 0.001). Responses provided in English were rated as “excellent” in 73.3% of cases, compared to 40% in Turkish and 41.6% in Arabic. Overall, more than 80% of all responses were rated as either “good” or “excellent.” No significant difference was observed concerning the appropriateness of referral recommendations (p = 0.0885). Conclusions: ChatGPT demonstrates potential as a reliable tool for addressing pregnancy-related health inquiries. However, discrepancies in response accuracy and clarity across languages highlight the need for improved language support, particularly for underrepresented languages. Future research should include a broader range of questions and additional languages to enhance the reliability and clinical applicability of this technology.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Artificial intelligence
• Artificial Neural Networks
• ChatGPT
• Large language model
• Multilingual
• Pregnancy

Kaynakça

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