Araştırma Makalesi
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Hipertiroidilerde Reaksiyon Zamanının Oddball Paradigması ile Araştırılması

Yıl 2018, Yıl: 2018 Sayı: 1, 35 - 38, 01.04.2018
https://doi.org/10.5505/kjms.2018.44274

Öz

Amaç: Tiroid hormonları beyinde fizyolojik ve bilişsel işlevler için oldukça önemlidir. Tiroid bezinden aşırı tiroid hormonu üretimi ile karakterize olan hipertiroidizmin bilişsel işlevlerde değişikliklere neden olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, işitsel uyaranlara reaksiyon zamanı ölçülerek hipertiroidi’nin bilişsel süreçten kaynaklanan motor yanıt üzerine etkisi araştırıldı.
Materyal ve Metot: Çalışma, yeni tanı konmuş hipertiroidi hastaları (n=20) ve sağlıklı kontrol grubu (n=20) üzerinde yürütüldü. Tepki süresi işitsel oddball paradigması ile değerledirildi. Bu amaçla katılımcılara 160 ses uyaranı verildi (120 standart, 40 hedef). Katılımcılara ses uyaranını duyduklarında sağ ellerinin altındaki butona basmaları istendi. Uyaranın verilmesi ve butona basma süresi arasında geçen süre reaksiyon zamanı olarak hesaplandı. Bulgular: Reaksiyon zamanı anlamlı şekilde hipertiroidi grubunda kontrol grubuna göre uzadı (p≤0,001). Sonuç: Hipertiroidili hastalarının algılama süreleri uzamakta, dikkat ve konsantrasyonda anlamlı azalma olmuştur. Bu duruma bozulmuş motor fonksiyondan kaynaklanan uzamış reaksiyon zamanı neden olmuş olabilir.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Schroeder AC, Privalsky ML. Thyroid Hormones, T3 and T4, in the Brain. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)2014;40(5):1–6.
  • 2. Lillevang-Johansen M, Petersen I, Christensen K, et al. Is previous hyperthyroidism associated with long-term cognitive dysfunction? A twin study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf )2014;80(2):290–295.
  • 3. Cho MK. Thyroid dysfunction and subfertility. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2015;42(4):131–5.
  • 4. Ritchie M, Yeap BB. Thyroid hormone: Influences on mood and cognition in adults. Maturitas 2015;81(2):266–75.
  • 5. Beydoun MA, Beydoun HA, Kitner-Triolo MH, et al. Thyroid hormones are associated with cognitive function: moderation by sex, race, and depressive symptoms. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013;98(8):3470–81.
  • 6. Kurian MA, Jungbluth H. Genetic disorders of thyroid metabolism and brain development. Dev Med Child Neurol 2014;56(7):627–34.
  • 7. Yuan L, Tian Y, Zhang F, et al. Decision-Making in Patients with Hyperthyroidism: A Neuropsychological Study. PLoS One 2015;10: e0129773.
  • 8. Wahlin A, Wahlin TB, Small BJ, et al. Influences of thyroid stimulating hormone on cognitive functioning in very old age. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 1998;53:234–239.
  • 9. Winkler A, Weimar C, Jockel KH, et al. Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Mild Cognitive Impairment: Results of the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2015;49(3):797–807.
  • 10. Brent GA. Clinical practice. Graves’ disease. N Engl J Med 2008;358(24):2594–2605.
  • 11. Motomura K, Brent GA. Mechanisms of thyroid hormone action. Implications for the clinical manifestation of thyrotoxicosis. Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am 1998;27:1–23.
  • 12. Hu LY, Shen CC, Hu YW, et al. Hyperthyroidism and Risk for Bipolar Disorders: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. PLoS One 2013;8(8): e73057.
  • 13. Oatridge A, Barnard ML, Puri BK, et al. Changes in brain size with treatment in patients with hyper- or hypothy-roidism. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2002;23(9):1539–1544.
  • 14. Hogervorst E, Huppert F, Matthews FE, et al. Thyroid function andcognitive decline in the MRC Cognitive Function and Ageing Study. Psychoneuroendocrinol 2008;33(7):1013–1022.
  • 15. Vogel A, Elberling TV, Hørding M, et al. Affective symptoms and cognitive functions in the acute phase of Graves’ thyrotoxicosis. Psychoneuroendocrinol 2007;32(1):36–43.
  • 16. Wijsman LW, de Craen AJ, Trompet S, et al. Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction and Cognitive Decline in Old Age. PLoS One 2013;8(3): e59199.
  • 17. Smith CD, Grondin R, LeMaster W, et al. Thyroid Reversible cognitive, motor, and driving impairments in severe hypothyroidism. Thyroid 2015;25(1):28–36.
  • 18. Ascioglu M, Dolu N, Golgeli A, et al. Effects of cigarette smoking on cognitive processing. Int J Neurosci 2004;114(3):381–90.
  • 19. Moncayo R, Ortner K. Multifactorial determinants of cognition - Thyroid function is not the only one. BBA Clin 2015;3:289–98.
  • 20. Yuan L, Tian Y, Zhang F, et al. Impairment of attention networks in patients with untreated hyperthyroidism. Neurosci Lett 2014;574:26–30.
  • 21. Yudiarto FL, Muliadi L, Moeljanto D, et al. Neuropsychological findings in hyperthyroid patients. Acta Med Indones 2006;38(1):6–10.
  • 22. Gobel A, Heldmann M, Gottlich M, et al. Effect of Experimental Thyrotoxicosis on Brain Gray Matter: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study. Eur Thyroid J 2015;1:113–8.
  • 23. Gottlich M, Heldmann M, Gobel A, et al. Experimentally induced thyrotoxicosis leads to increased connectivity in temporal lobe structures: a resting state fMRI study. Psychoneuroendocrinol 2015;56:100–9.
  • 24. Samuels MH, Schuff KG, Carlson NE, et al. Health status, mood, and cognition in experimentally induced subclinical thyrotoxicosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008;93(5):1730–6.
  • 25. Squizzato A, Gerdes VEA, Brandjes DPM, et al. Thyroid Diseases and Cerebrovascular Diseases. Stroke 2005;36(10):2302–2310.
  • 26. Yin J, Zhu J, Huang D, et al. Unilateral symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis and myopathy in an adolescent with Graves disease: a case report of an high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging study. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2015;24(1): e49–52.
  • 27. Munir A. Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis: an endocrine cause of paraparesis. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2014;2:99–100.
  • 28. Shah SH, Nahar PS. Reaction time in hypothyroid and hyperthyroid patients before and after drug treatment. IOSR J Pharmacy 2012;2(2):218–221.
  • 29. Jonderko G, Straszecka J, Marcisz C, et al. Influence of treating hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism upon psychical reaction time. Pol Arch Med Wewn 1992;88(5):295–301.

Research of the Effect of Hyperthyroidism on Reaction Time Using the Oddball Paradigm

Yıl 2018, Yıl: 2018 Sayı: 1, 35 - 38, 01.04.2018
https://doi.org/10.5505/kjms.2018.44274

Öz

Aim: Thyroid hormones are so important for the normal physiological functions and the cognitive functions of brain. It is known that hyperthyroidism, the presence of excessive thyroid hormone produced by the thyroid gland, causes changes in cognitive functions. In this study, we have examined the effect of hyperthyroidism on motor response that result from this cognitive process by measuring reaction time to auditory stimuli. Material and Method: The study was conducted on newly diagnosed hyperthyroid patients (n=20) and healthy controls (n=20). The reaction time was evaluated in an auditory oddball paradigm. For that purpose, participants have been listened to 160 sound stimuli (120 standards, 40 targets). We asked them to press the button under their right hand when they hear the target sounds. The elapsed time between the presentation of the stimulus and the subsequent pressing button has been defined as reaction time. Results: Reaction time was significantly prolonged in the hyperthyroid group compared with the control group (p≤0.001). Conclusion: Hyperthyroid patients had prolonged perception time and significant decrease on attention and concentration. They can be result in prolonged reaction time because of impaired motor functions.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Schroeder AC, Privalsky ML. Thyroid Hormones, T3 and T4, in the Brain. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)2014;40(5):1–6.
  • 2. Lillevang-Johansen M, Petersen I, Christensen K, et al. Is previous hyperthyroidism associated with long-term cognitive dysfunction? A twin study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf )2014;80(2):290–295.
  • 3. Cho MK. Thyroid dysfunction and subfertility. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2015;42(4):131–5.
  • 4. Ritchie M, Yeap BB. Thyroid hormone: Influences on mood and cognition in adults. Maturitas 2015;81(2):266–75.
  • 5. Beydoun MA, Beydoun HA, Kitner-Triolo MH, et al. Thyroid hormones are associated with cognitive function: moderation by sex, race, and depressive symptoms. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013;98(8):3470–81.
  • 6. Kurian MA, Jungbluth H. Genetic disorders of thyroid metabolism and brain development. Dev Med Child Neurol 2014;56(7):627–34.
  • 7. Yuan L, Tian Y, Zhang F, et al. Decision-Making in Patients with Hyperthyroidism: A Neuropsychological Study. PLoS One 2015;10: e0129773.
  • 8. Wahlin A, Wahlin TB, Small BJ, et al. Influences of thyroid stimulating hormone on cognitive functioning in very old age. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 1998;53:234–239.
  • 9. Winkler A, Weimar C, Jockel KH, et al. Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Mild Cognitive Impairment: Results of the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2015;49(3):797–807.
  • 10. Brent GA. Clinical practice. Graves’ disease. N Engl J Med 2008;358(24):2594–2605.
  • 11. Motomura K, Brent GA. Mechanisms of thyroid hormone action. Implications for the clinical manifestation of thyrotoxicosis. Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am 1998;27:1–23.
  • 12. Hu LY, Shen CC, Hu YW, et al. Hyperthyroidism and Risk for Bipolar Disorders: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. PLoS One 2013;8(8): e73057.
  • 13. Oatridge A, Barnard ML, Puri BK, et al. Changes in brain size with treatment in patients with hyper- or hypothy-roidism. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2002;23(9):1539–1544.
  • 14. Hogervorst E, Huppert F, Matthews FE, et al. Thyroid function andcognitive decline in the MRC Cognitive Function and Ageing Study. Psychoneuroendocrinol 2008;33(7):1013–1022.
  • 15. Vogel A, Elberling TV, Hørding M, et al. Affective symptoms and cognitive functions in the acute phase of Graves’ thyrotoxicosis. Psychoneuroendocrinol 2007;32(1):36–43.
  • 16. Wijsman LW, de Craen AJ, Trompet S, et al. Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction and Cognitive Decline in Old Age. PLoS One 2013;8(3): e59199.
  • 17. Smith CD, Grondin R, LeMaster W, et al. Thyroid Reversible cognitive, motor, and driving impairments in severe hypothyroidism. Thyroid 2015;25(1):28–36.
  • 18. Ascioglu M, Dolu N, Golgeli A, et al. Effects of cigarette smoking on cognitive processing. Int J Neurosci 2004;114(3):381–90.
  • 19. Moncayo R, Ortner K. Multifactorial determinants of cognition - Thyroid function is not the only one. BBA Clin 2015;3:289–98.
  • 20. Yuan L, Tian Y, Zhang F, et al. Impairment of attention networks in patients with untreated hyperthyroidism. Neurosci Lett 2014;574:26–30.
  • 21. Yudiarto FL, Muliadi L, Moeljanto D, et al. Neuropsychological findings in hyperthyroid patients. Acta Med Indones 2006;38(1):6–10.
  • 22. Gobel A, Heldmann M, Gottlich M, et al. Effect of Experimental Thyrotoxicosis on Brain Gray Matter: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study. Eur Thyroid J 2015;1:113–8.
  • 23. Gottlich M, Heldmann M, Gobel A, et al. Experimentally induced thyrotoxicosis leads to increased connectivity in temporal lobe structures: a resting state fMRI study. Psychoneuroendocrinol 2015;56:100–9.
  • 24. Samuels MH, Schuff KG, Carlson NE, et al. Health status, mood, and cognition in experimentally induced subclinical thyrotoxicosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008;93(5):1730–6.
  • 25. Squizzato A, Gerdes VEA, Brandjes DPM, et al. Thyroid Diseases and Cerebrovascular Diseases. Stroke 2005;36(10):2302–2310.
  • 26. Yin J, Zhu J, Huang D, et al. Unilateral symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis and myopathy in an adolescent with Graves disease: a case report of an high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging study. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2015;24(1): e49–52.
  • 27. Munir A. Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis: an endocrine cause of paraparesis. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2014;2:99–100.
  • 28. Shah SH, Nahar PS. Reaction time in hypothyroid and hyperthyroid patients before and after drug treatment. IOSR J Pharmacy 2012;2(2):218–221.
  • 29. Jonderko G, Straszecka J, Marcisz C, et al. Influence of treating hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism upon psychical reaction time. Pol Arch Med Wewn 1992;88(5):295–301.
Toplam 29 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Nazan Dolu Bu kişi benim

Seval Keloğlan Müsüroğlu

Leyla Şahin Bu kişi benim

Kürşad Ünlühizarcı Bu kişi benim

Mustafa Tayfun Turan Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Nisan 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Yıl: 2018 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Dolu, N., Keloğlan Müsüroğlu, S., Şahin, L., Ünlühizarcı, K., vd. (2018). Research of the Effect of Hyperthyroidism on Reaction Time Using the Oddball Paradigm. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences, 8(1), 35-38. https://doi.org/10.5505/kjms.2018.44274
AMA Dolu N, Keloğlan Müsüroğlu S, Şahin L, Ünlühizarcı K, Turan MT. Research of the Effect of Hyperthyroidism on Reaction Time Using the Oddball Paradigm. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences. Nisan 2018;8(1):35-38. doi:10.5505/kjms.2018.44274
Chicago Dolu, Nazan, Seval Keloğlan Müsüroğlu, Leyla Şahin, Kürşad Ünlühizarcı, ve Mustafa Tayfun Turan. “Research of the Effect of Hyperthyroidism on Reaction Time Using the Oddball Paradigm”. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences 8, sy. 1 (Nisan 2018): 35-38. https://doi.org/10.5505/kjms.2018.44274.
EndNote Dolu N, Keloğlan Müsüroğlu S, Şahin L, Ünlühizarcı K, Turan MT (01 Nisan 2018) Research of the Effect of Hyperthyroidism on Reaction Time Using the Oddball Paradigm. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences 8 1 35–38.
IEEE N. Dolu, S. Keloğlan Müsüroğlu, L. Şahin, K. Ünlühizarcı, ve M. T. Turan, “Research of the Effect of Hyperthyroidism on Reaction Time Using the Oddball Paradigm”, Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences, c. 8, sy. 1, ss. 35–38, 2018, doi: 10.5505/kjms.2018.44274.
ISNAD Dolu, Nazan vd. “Research of the Effect of Hyperthyroidism on Reaction Time Using the Oddball Paradigm”. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences 8/1 (Nisan 2018), 35-38. https://doi.org/10.5505/kjms.2018.44274.
JAMA Dolu N, Keloğlan Müsüroğlu S, Şahin L, Ünlühizarcı K, Turan MT. Research of the Effect of Hyperthyroidism on Reaction Time Using the Oddball Paradigm. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences. 2018;8:35–38.
MLA Dolu, Nazan vd. “Research of the Effect of Hyperthyroidism on Reaction Time Using the Oddball Paradigm”. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences, c. 8, sy. 1, 2018, ss. 35-38, doi:10.5505/kjms.2018.44274.
Vancouver Dolu N, Keloğlan Müsüroğlu S, Şahin L, Ünlühizarcı K, Turan MT. Research of the Effect of Hyperthyroidism on Reaction Time Using the Oddball Paradigm. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences. 2018;8(1):35-8.