Çeşitli Asidik Ajanlar ile Fonksiyonelleştirilmiş Biyokütlenin Özellikleri ve Sorpsiyon Performansının Kinetik Analizi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3, 21 - 35, 25.11.2024

Sahra Dandıl

Öz

Bu çalışmada kivi kabukları hidroklorik asit (HCl), sülfürik asit (H2SO4) ve fosforik asit (H3PO4) kullanılarak fonksiyonelleştirildi. Fonksiyonelleştirilmiş malzemelerin özellikleri belirlendi. Ajanların neden olduğu fonksiyonel grupları göstermek için Fourier dönüşümlü kızılötesi spektrometresi (FTIR) kullanıldı. X-ışını kırınımı (XRD) analiziyle kristal veya amorf yapı açıklandı. Taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM), kivi kabuğunun yüzeyinde asidik ajanların neden olduğu değişiklikleri ortaya koydu. Elementel bileşim, enerji dağılımlı X-ışını spektroskopisi (EDX) analizi kullanılarak incelendi. Farklı asidik ajanlarla fonksiyonelleştirilen kivi kabuklarının sorpsiyon deneylerindeki performansı araştırıldı. Hidroklorik asit ile fonksiyonelleştirilmiş kivi kabuğu (HAFKP), sülfürik asit ile fonksiyonelleştirilmiş kivi kabuğu (SAFKP) ve fosforik asit ile fonksiyonelleştirilmiş kivi kabuğu (PAFKP) 0.1 g için 24 saat sonra 50 mL’lik 10 mg/L boya çözeltisinden sırasıyla % 94.53, 98.62 ve 96.76 sorpsiyon sergiledi. Malzemelerin sorpsiyonu için elde edilen veriler kinetik modellerle değerlendirildi. Yalancı birinci derece, yalancı ikinci derece, Elovich ve Bangham modelleri prosesleri zamana bağlı olarak ele aldı. HAFKP ve PAFKP ile gerçekleştirilen proseslerin yalancı ikinci derece kinetik modele uyduğu ve boya ile kimyasal bağlar yoluyla kuvvetli etkileşime girdikleri belirlendi. SAFKP ise yalancı birinci dereceden kinetik modele göre boya ile fiziksel olarak etkileşime girdi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Karakterizasyon, fonksiyonelleştirme, kinetikler, kivi

Characteristics and Kinetic Analysis of Sorption Performance of Functionalised Biomass by Various Acidic Agents

Öz

In this study, kiwi fruit peels were functionalized using hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4). The properties of the functionalized materials were determined. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) used to show functional groups caused by the agents. Crystalline or amorphous structure clarified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed the changes by acidic agents on the surface of kiwi peel. The elemental composition was examined using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. The performance of kiwi peels functionalized with different acidic agents in sorption experiments were investigated. Kiwi peel functionalized with hydrochloric acid (HAFKP), kiwi peel functionalized with sulphuric acid (SAFKP), and kiwi peel functionalized with phosphoric acid (PAFKP) exhibited 94.53, 98.62, and 96.76% sorption, respectively, from 50 mL of 10 mg/L dye solution for 0.1 g after 24 h. The data obtained for the sorption of the materials were evaluated with kinetic models. Pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, Elovich and Bangham models considered the processes as time-dependent. The processes carried out with HAFKP and PAFKP were fit the pseudo-second order kinetic model and determined to interact strongly with dye via chemical bonds. SAFKP, on the other hand, interacts physically with dye according to the pseudo-first order kinetic model.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Characterization, functionalization, kinetics, kiwi

Kaynakça

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