Preliminary Studies on Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino toward Dietary Supplement Development: Antidiabetic Activity and Phytochemical Analysis

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2, 15 - 21, 21.07.2025

Methiye Mancak , Fatma Zeynep Uzuner , Ufuk Koca

Öz

Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino is a plant belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family called jiaogulan. The herb of the plant is used for the treatment of diabetes for many years. In the literature, the antidiabetic effect of G. pentaphyllum was determined by in vivo and clinical studies. On the other hand, it was determined that in vitro activity studies aimed at elucidating the mechanism of action of the plant are limited. Although there are commercial preparations containing the plant in America, Europe, China and Asian countries, it was determined that there is no product in Turkiye. Based on these deficiencies, the aim of this study was to determine the antidiabetic activity of G. pentaphyllum, to elucidate its mechanism of action and to perform preliminary phytochemical analyses to prepare standardized extracts in the future. As a result of the studies, it was determined that both methanol and aqueous extracts of the plant showed antidiabetic activity by inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes under in vitro conditions. The methanol extract was much richer than the aqueous extract in terms of phenolic and flavonoid content. Our research provides preliminary data for the preparation of standardized extracts and food supplements from G. pentaphyllum and is a pioneering work for further studies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Diabetes , Gynostemma pentaphyllum , HPLC , phytochemical analysis , saponin

Proje Numarası

1919B012305993

Gıda Takviyesine Giden Yolda Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino Bitkisi Üzerinde Ön Çalışmalar: Antidiyabetik Aktivite ve Fitokimyasal Analizler

Öz

Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino, jiaogulan olarak adlandırılan Cucurbitaceae familyasına ait bir bitkidir. Bitkinin toprak üstü kısımları uzun yıllardır diyabet tedavisi için kullanılmaktadır. Literatürde, G. pentaphyllum’un antidiyabetik etkisi in vivo ve klinik çalışmalar ile belirlenmiştir. Diğer taraftan bitkinin etki mekanizmasını aydınlatmaya yönelik in vitro aktivite çalışmalarının kısıtlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Amerika, Avrupa, Çin ve Asya ülkelerinde bitkiyi içeren ticari preparatları bulunsa da Türkiye’de herhangi bir ürünü bulunmadığı belirlenmiştir. Bu eksiklerden yola çıkarak bu çalışmada G. pentaphyllum’un antidiyabetik aktivitesinin belirlenmesi, etki mekanizmasının aydınlatılması ve ileride standardize ekstrelerinin hazırlanabilmesi için ön fitokimyasal analizlerinin yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmalar sonucunda bitkinin hem metanollü hem de sulu ekstresinin in vitro koşullarda α-amilaz ve α-glukozidaz enzimlerini inhibe ederek antidiyabetik aktivite gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Fenolik madde ve flavonoit içeriği bakımından metanollü ekstrenin sulu ekstreden çok daha zengin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırmalarımız G. pentaphyllum’dan standart ekstre ve gıda takviyesi hazırlanması için ön verileri sağlamakta olup ileri çalışmalar için öncü bir çalışmadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Diyabet , fitokimyasal analiz , Gynostemma pentaphyllum , saponin , YPSK

Etik Beyan

Çalışmalar in vitro olarak gerçekleştirildiği için etik kurul onayına ihtiyaç yoktur.

Destekleyen Kurum

TÜBİTAK

Proje Numarası

1919B012305993

Teşekkür

Bu araştırma, 2209-A Üniversite Öğrencileri Araştırma Projeleri Destekleme Programı kapsamında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Destekleri için TÜBİTAK’a teşekkürlerimizi sunarız. (Proje no: 1919B012305993)

Kaynakça

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