EŞ ŞİDDETİNİ ÖNLEMEDE ERKEKLERİN KATILIMI İÇİN CİNSİYET TEMELLİ TRANSFORMATİF GİRİŞİMLER: KAVRAMSAL MODELE DAYALI LİTERATÜR ARAŞTIRMASI

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 29 - 39, 23.10.2018

Emine Gerçek , Beyzanur İşbay

Öz

Toplumsal cinsiyete dayalı şiddeti
önleme girişimlerinde şiddeti uygulayanlar olarak erkeklerin katılımını
sağlamak, cinsiyet temelli şiddeti sona erdirmek için küresel çabaların giderek
kurumsallaşan bir bileşenidir. Özellikle erkeklerin cinsiyet eşitliği ve şiddet
içermeyen tutum ve davranışlarını geliştirmeyi amaçlayan müdahaleler konusunda
erkeklerin katılımını sağlayan çabaların etkisi tüm dünyada ortaya çıkmaya
başlamıştır. Bu makalenin amacı, eş şiddetini önlemede erkeklerin katılımını
sağlamaya yönelik cinsiyet temelli transformatif girişimlerin incelenmesidir.

Cinsiyet temelli şiddete (CTŞ)
yönelik girişimlerin planlanmasında erkeklerin hem aşağıda anlatılacak olan
şiddeti önleme programları düzeyinde hem de günlük yaşamlarında şiddeti önleme
çalışmalarına katılımları önem arz etmektedir. Bu kapsamda, toplumsal cinsiyete
yönelik tutum ve inançlar dâhil olmak üzere, erkeklerin özellikleri ve
erkeklerin zaman içindeki CTŞ hareketlerine eğilimini sağlayan faktörlerin
dikkate alınması önerilmektedir.

Eş şiddetini önlemede cinsiyet
temelli transformatif girişimleri kapsayan kavramsal modelde girişimler üç
temel boyutta ele alınmaktadır: Birinci boyut olan cinsiyet temelli
transformatif yaklaşımı kavramsallaştırma kapsamında şiddeti önleme olup, bu
alanlarda yer alan girişimler sosyal ağlar aracılığıyla katılım; bağlam
aracılığıyla katılım; kişisel, duygusal bağ aracılığıyla katılım; umut verme
aracılığıyla katılım ve bağlantılar aracılığıyla katılımdır. İkinci boyut
erkeklerin tutum ve davranışlarını değiştirmeye yönelik müdahaleler olup, bu
boyutta cinsiyete dayalı transformatif ve girişimsel bileşenler yer almaktadır.
Üçüncü boyut ise erkeklerin sosyal etkilerini içermektedir. Bu boyuttaki
girişimler CTŞ’nin ortadan kaldırılmasına ve daha genel olarak cinsiyet temelli
adaletin oluşması ve sürdürülmesine yönelik makro düzeyde sosyal desteğin
sağlanması için eylem planlarını kapsamaktadır.

Dünyada yeni bir kavram olan
cinsiyet temelli transformatif girişimler kapsamındaki eş şiddetini önleme
programları ile erkeklerin cinsiyete dayalı adaletin sağlanması için çaba sarf
etmede araç ya da katalizör görevi görmesi hedeflenmektedir. Kadın sağlığı
hemşireleri de mevcut gelişmeleri takip ederek toplum tabanlı girişimlerde yer
almalıdırlar.

Anahtar Kelimeler

toplumsal cinsiyet, partner şiddeti, erkek katılımı, kadın sağlığı, hemşirelik

Gender-Based Transformative Initıatives For The Prevention of Partner Violence: Literature Study Based on Conceptual Model

Öz

It
is an increasingly institutionalized component of global efforts to ensure the participation
of men in gender-based violence as perpetrators and beneficiaries of
gender-based violence prevention initiatives. Accordingly, the impact of
efforts to promote men's participation in interventions aimed at improving gender
equality and non violent attitudes and behaviors of men has started to emerge all
over the world. The purpose of this article is to examine gender-based transformer
initiatives aimed at preventing male participation in partner violence.

Gender-based
violence (GBV) is the nature of men's participation in prevention efforts both
at a programme level and in their daily lives; the characteristics of men
working with beliefs and social net works; and the factors that enable men to participate
in GBV movements over time are recommended to be taken into account.

Conceptual
model including gender-based transformer initiatives in preventing partner violence
is discussed in three main dimensions: In the context of conceptualization of
the first dimension, gender-based transformer approach, the Prevention of
violence is organized in five areas formal individuals. These are as participation
through social net works, participation through context, participation through personal,
emotional bond, participation through hope, and participation through “links”
among the initiatives involved. These co dimension is the interventions to change
attitudes and behavior of men. This size includes gender-based transformers and
interventional components. The third dimension includes the social effects of
males. These initiatives include action plans to provide macro-level social support
for the elimination of gender-based violence (GBV) and, in general, for the creation
and maintenance of gender-based justice.

It
is aimed to serve as a tool or a catalyst for the efforts of men to achieve gender-based
justice through partner violence prevention programs within the scope of gender-based
transformer initiatives, a new concept in the world. Women's health nurses should
follow current developments and take part in community-based initiatives.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Gender, partnerviolence, maleparticipation, femalehealth, nursing

Kaynakça

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