Türkiye'deki Gebelerde Algılanan Sosyal Desteğin Prenatal Emzirme Öz-yeterliğine Etkisi: Web tabanlı kesitsel bir çalışma

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 133 - 143, 30.11.2022

Şükran Başgöl Burcu Küçükkaya

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, gebelerde algılanan sosyal desteğin prenatal emzirme öz-yeterliliğe etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç-Yöntem: Kesitsel özellikte yürütülen bu çalışma 10 Mayıs - 20 Temmuz 2022 tarihleri arasında, web yolu ile sosyal medya (facebook, instagram gibi) forum veya grup sayfalarında paylaşılarak araştırmaya katılmaya gönüllü 572 gebe kadın üzerinde çalışma yürütülmüştür. Çalışmaya katılmaya gönüllü gebelerden literatür incelenerek hazırlanan Bilgi Formu, Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği ve Prenatal Emzirme Öz-Yeterlilik Ölçeği’ni içeren e-anket ile toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan gebelerin yaş ortalaması 30,89±5,74 ve gebelik haftası ortalaması 26,59±7,70’dir. Gebelerin %78,6’sının isteyerek evlendiği, %71,4’ünün eşleriyle uyumlu olduğunu düşündüğü ve %78,0’ının gebeliğe karşı olumlu duygular beslediği belirlenmiştir. Gebelerin Prenatal Emzirme Öz-Yeterlilik Ölçeği (PEÖYÖ) toplam puan ortalaması 75,98±30,42, Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği (ÇBASDÖ) toplam puan ortalaması 64,90±25,62, ÇBASDÖ’nün aile alt boyut puan ortalaması 21,69±8,51, arkadaşlar alt boyut puan ortalaması 21,53±8,62 ve özel ilişkiler alt boyut puan ortalaması 21,68±8,54 olarak bulunmuştur. Gebelerin PEÖYÖ ile ÇBASDÖ ölçeği toplam ve alt boyut puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır (p<0,001).
Sonuç: Gebelerin, gebelik sürecinde aileleri, arkadaşları ile özel ilişki kurdukları bireyler tarafından algıladıkları sosyal desteğin artmasıyla birlikte prenatal emzirme öz-yeterliliği de artmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Gebe, algılanan sosyal destek, prenatal, emzirme, öz-yeterlilik.

The Effect of Perceived Social Support on Prenatal Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy in Pregnants in Turkey: A web-based cross-sectional study

Öz

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effect of perceived social support on prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy in pregnant women.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 572 pregnant women who volunteered to participate in the research by sharing them on social media (such as Facebook, Instagram) forums or group pages between 10 May and 20 July 2022. The Information Form prepared by examining the literature from the pregnant women who volunteered to participate in the study was collected with an e-questionnaire including the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and the Prenatal Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (PBSES).
Results: The mean age of the pregnant women participating in the study was 30.89±5.74 and week of gestation was 26.59±7.70. It was determined that 78.6% of the pregnant women got married voluntarily, 71.4% thought they were compatible with their spouses, and 78.0% had positive feelings towards pregnancy. PBSES total score average of pregnant is 75.98±30.42, MSPSS total score average is 64.90±25.62, MSPSS mean family sub-dimension score is 21.69±8.51, friends sub-dimension mean score was 21.53±8.62, and significant other sub-dimension mean score was 21.68±8.54. A statistically positive and significant correlation was found between the PBSES and MSPSS scale total and sub-dimension mean scores of the pregnant women (p<0.001).
Conclusions: All pregnant women must be evaluated for breastfeeding self-efficacy and support systems, and it must be routine of the control when visiting hospital for prenatal examination by health care practitioners.

Anahtar Kelimeler

prenatal, Pregnant, perceived social support, breastfeeding, self-efficacy

Kaynakça

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