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Taxonomic Implications of Leaf Anatomical Patterns in Riparian Apocynaceae Species

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 3, 422 - 452, 25.12.2025

Muhammad Rizwan Khan Muhammad Zafar , Salman Majeed , Trobjon Makhkamov Nasibakhon Naraliyeva Sayyara İbadullayeva , Munira Inomova Alisher Shokirov Muhayyo O. Buranova Laziza Botirova Nilufar Ergasheva Nazgul Moldobolotova

https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1845756

Öz

Aim of study: This study described micro magnified anatomical variable patterns to understand the complex relationship between the macroscopic and microscopic features of leaves within the riparian Apocynaceae species.
Area of study: The biomagnification process provides crucial insights into the structural adaptations and ecological roles from riparian zone of Punjab.
Material and method: Comparative foliar anatomical features of 25 Apocynaceous taxa were examined using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to document epidermal characteristics and trichome diversity.
Main results: Both surfaces of the leaves exhibited differences in their leaf anatomical traits including type of stomata, epidermis, anticlinal wall, lobes and diversity of trichomes. The epidermal cells shape reported as irregular, rectangular, polygonal, undulated, isodiametric and uniseriate. The largest epidermal cells were examined in Vinca major (59.6 µm) and (77.6 μm) on adaxial and abaxial surfaces respectively. Largest stomatal complex was recorded for Beaumontia grandiflora (48.6 µm) while smallest for Cryptolepis dubia (13.2 μm). The maximum stomatal index (SI) was calculated (37.2%) in Asclepias curassavica. Multicellular non-glandular trichomes were observed on both surfaces of Beaumontia grandiflora while uniseriate trichomes located in inter-coastal zone in Trachelospermum jasminoides especially on the abaxial surface. The longest trichome length was measured for Pergularia tomentosa (135 µm) along adaxial side, while along the abaxial surface, maximum length was calculated for Asclepias curassavica (262 µm).
Research highlights: The study using LM and SEM, key taxonomically relevant features including trichome types, stomatal complex arrangements, and epidermal cell patterns were identified. These micromorphological markers proved valuable in distinguishing closely related species and contributed to the development of diagnostic taxonomic keys.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Taxonomic Markers Micro-histology Epidermis Trichome Structure Riparian Zone

Kaynakça

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  • Abdalla, M.M., Eltahir, A.S. & El-Kamali, H.H. (2016). Comparative morph-anatomical leaf characters of Nerium oleander and Catharanthus roseus family (Apocynaceae). European Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 3(3), 68-73.
  • Abeysinghe, P.D. & Scharaschkin, T. (2022). Comparative anatomy of two forms of Sri Lankan Calotropis gigantea (L.) R. Br.(Family Apocynaceae sl–Subfamily Asclepiadoideae)-Taxonomic implications. Ceylon Journal of Science, 51(3), 307-318.
  • Adeniran, A.A., Adeyanju, E. & Okeke, N.K. (2022). Anatomical characterization and physicochemical standardization of Gongronema latifolium Benth.(Apocynaceae). Journal of Pharmacy & Bioresources, 19(1), 16-23.
  • Agustiar, A.B., Masyitoh, D., Fibriana, I.D., Khumairoh, A.S., Rianti, K.A. & et al. (2020). Phenetic Kinship Relationship of Apocynaceae Family Based on Morphological and Anatomical Characters. Bioeduscience, 4(2), 113-119.
  • Ahmad, K., Khan, M.A., Ahmad, M., Zafar, M., Arshad, M. & Ahmad, F. (2009). Taxonomic diversity of stomata in dicot flora of a district tank (NWFP) in Pakistan. African journal of Biotechnology, 8(6), 1052.
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  • Ashfaq, S., Ahmad, M., Zafar, M., Sultana, S., Bahadur, S. & et al. (2019). Foliar micromorphology of Convolvulaceous species with special emphasis on trichome diversity from the arid zone of Pakistan. Flora, 255, 110-124.
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  • Bashir, K., Sohail, A., Ali, U., Ullah, A., Ul Haq, Z. & et al. (2020). Foliar micromorphology and its role in identification of the Apocynaceae taxa. Microscopy Research and Technique, 83(7), 755-766.
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Kıyısal Apocynaceae Türlerinde Yaprak Anatomik Desenlerinin Taksonomik Sonuçları

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 3, 422 - 452, 25.12.2025

Muhammad Rizwan Khan Muhammad Zafar , Salman Majeed , Trobjon Makhkamov Nasibakhon Naraliyeva Sayyara İbadullayeva , Munira Inomova Alisher Shokirov Muhayyo O. Buranova Laziza Botirova Nilufar Ergasheva Nazgul Moldobolotova

https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1845756

Öz

Çalışmanın amacı: Bu çalışmada, kıyısal Apocynaceae türlerindeki yaprakların makroskobik ve mikroskobik özellikleri arasındaki karmaşık ilişkiyi anlamak için mikro büyütmeli anatomik değişken desenleri tanımlanmıştır.
Çalışma alanı: Biyobüyütme süreci, Pencap kıyı bölgesindeki yapısal adaptasyonlar ve ekolojik roller hakkında önemli bilgiler sağlamaktadır.
Materyal ve yöntem: Epidermal özellikleri ve trikom çeşitliliğini belgelemek amacıyla 25 Apocynaceous taksonunun karşılaştırmalı yaprak anatomik özellikleri ışık mikroskobu ve taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) kullanılarak incelenmiştir.
Temel sonuçlar: Yaprakların her iki yüzeyi de stoma tipi, epidermis, antiklinal duvar, loblar ve trikom çeşitliliği dahil olmak üzere yaprak anatomik özelliklerinde farklılıklar göstermiştir. Epidermal hücre şekli düzensiz, dikdörtgen, poligonal, dalgalı, izodiametrik ve uniseriat olarak bildirilmiştir. En büyük epidermal hücreler Vinca major'da (59.6 µm) ve adaksiyal ve abaksiyal olmayan yüzeylerde (77.6 µm) incelenmiştir. En büyük stoma kompleksi Beaumontia grandiflora için (48.6 µm) kaydedilirken en küçüğü Cryptolepis dubia için (13.2 µm) kaydedildi. Maksimum stoma indeksi (SI) Asclepias curassavica'da hesaplanmıştır. (%37.2). Beaumontia grandiflora'nın her iki yüzeyinde çok hücreli glandüler olmayan trikomlar gözlemlenirken, Trachelospermum jasminoides'te özellikle abaksiyal yüzeyde kıyılar arası bölgede bulunan uniseriat trikomlar gözlenmiştir. En uzun trikom uzunluğu Pergularia tomentosa için abaksiyal tarafta ölçüldü (135 µm), abaksiyal yüzey boyunca ise maksimum uzunluk Asclepias curassavica için hesaplanmıştır (262 µm).
Araştırma vurguları: Çalışma, Pakistan'ın Pencap eyaletinin kıyı bölgelerinden toplanan 25 Apocynaceous taksonundaki yaprak mikromorfolojik özelliklerinin kapsamlı bir karşılaştırmalı analizini sunmaktadır. Işık mikroskobu ve taramalı elektron mikroskobu kullanılarak, trikom tipleri, stoma kompleksi düzenlemeleri ve epidermal hücre desenleri gibi taksonomik olarak önemli özellikler belirlenmiştir. Bu mikromorfolojik belirteçler, yakın ilişkili türleri ayırt etmede değerli olduğunu kanıtlamış ve tanısal taksonomik anahtarların geliştirilmesine katkıda bulunmuştur. Bulgular, temel anatomik veriler sağlıyor ve Apocynaceae'deki yaprak epidermal yapılarının ekolojik uyarlanabilirliğini ve sistematik önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Taksonomik Belirteçler Mikro-histoloji Epidermis Trikom Yapısı Kıyı Bölgesi

Kaynakça

  • Abbas, N., Zafar, M., Ahmad, M., Althobaiti, A.T., Ramadan, M.F. & et al. (2022). Tendril anatomy: a tool for correct identification among Cucurbitaceous taxa. Plants, 11(23), 3273.
  • Abdalla, M.M., Eltahir, A.S. & El-Kamali, H.H. (2016). Comparative morph-anatomical leaf characters of Nerium oleander and Catharanthus roseus family (Apocynaceae). European Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 3(3), 68-73.
  • Abeysinghe, P.D. & Scharaschkin, T. (2022). Comparative anatomy of two forms of Sri Lankan Calotropis gigantea (L.) R. Br.(Family Apocynaceae sl–Subfamily Asclepiadoideae)-Taxonomic implications. Ceylon Journal of Science, 51(3), 307-318.
  • Adeniran, A.A., Adeyanju, E. & Okeke, N.K. (2022). Anatomical characterization and physicochemical standardization of Gongronema latifolium Benth.(Apocynaceae). Journal of Pharmacy & Bioresources, 19(1), 16-23.
  • Agustiar, A.B., Masyitoh, D., Fibriana, I.D., Khumairoh, A.S., Rianti, K.A. & et al. (2020). Phenetic Kinship Relationship of Apocynaceae Family Based on Morphological and Anatomical Characters. Bioeduscience, 4(2), 113-119.
  • Ahmad, K., Khan, M.A., Ahmad, M., Zafar, M., Arshad, M. & Ahmad, F. (2009). Taxonomic diversity of stomata in dicot flora of a district tank (NWFP) in Pakistan. African journal of Biotechnology, 8(6), 1052.
  • Akinsulire, O.P., Oladipo, O.T., Akinkunmi, O.C., Adeleye, O.E. & Adelalu, K.F. (2020). Leaf and Petiole Micro-Anatomical Diversities in Some Selected Nigerian Species of Loefl.: the Significance in Species Identification at Vegetative State. Acta Biologica Marisiensis, 3(1), 15-29.
  • Akinsulire, O.P., Oladipo, O.T., Akinloye, A.J. & Illoh, H.C. (2018). Structure, distribution and taxonomic significance of leaf and petiole anatomical characters in five species of Terminalia (L.)(Combretaceae: Magnoliopsida). Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences, 5(10), 515-528.
  • Ashfaq, S., Ahmad, M., Zafar, M., Sultana, S., Bahadur, S. & et al. (2019). Foliar micromorphology of Convolvulaceous species with special emphasis on trichome diversity from the arid zone of Pakistan. Flora, 255, 110-124.
  • AZ Alsudani, A.A.A. & Altameme, H.J.M. (2021). A Taxonomical Study of Carissa Macrocarpa (Eckl.) A. Dc (Apocynaceae) In Iraq. Review of International Geographical Education Online, 11(7).
  • Bahadur, S., Ahmad, M., Mir, S., Zafar, M., Sultana, S. & et al. (2018). Identification of monocot flora using pollen features through scanning electron microscopy. Microscopy Research and Technique, 81(6), 599-613.
  • Bashir, K., Sohail, A., Ali, U., Ullah, A., Ul Haq, Z. & et al. (2020). Foliar micromorphology and its role in identification of the Apocynaceae taxa. Microscopy Research and Technique, 83(7), 755-766.
  • Baxtiyorovna, N. A., Qudratovich, X. K., Zamira, D., Ramadan, M. F., Ma’rufovich, N. M. S. & et al. (2025). Pollen as an insect interaction marker: palynological, chemical, and microscopic perspectives of selected medicinal plants. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 1-15.
  • Beckers, V., Rapini, A., Smets, E. & Lens, F. (2022). Comparative wood anatomy and origin of woodiness in subfamilies Secamonoideae and Asclepiadoideae (Apocynaceae). Taxon, 71(6), 1230-1250.
  • Beilstein, M.A., Al‐Shehbaz, I.A. & Kellogg, E.A. (2006). Brassicaceae phylogeny and trichome evolution. American Journal of Botany, 93(4), 607-619.
  • Bhoyar, S. & Biradar, S. (2015). Preliminary Phytochemical Screening and Physicochemical Analysis of Leaves Of Pergularia Daemia (Forssk.)
  • Bridson, D. & Forman, L. (1999). The Herbarium Handbook. 3rd Edifion Reprinted.
  • Bukhari, N.A., Al-Otaibi, R.A. & Ibrahim, M.M. (2017). Phytochemical and taxonomic evaluation of Rhazya stricta in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Journal of biological sciences, 24(7), 1513-1521.
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  • Joubert, L. (2013). A taxonomic study of the genus cryptolepis (Periplocoideae: apocynaceae). Doctoral dissertation, University of the Free State.
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  • Khan, M. R., Zafar, M., Ahmad, M., Al-Ghamdi, A. A., Elshikh, M. S. & et al. (2023). Exploring intraspecific pollen morphology variation in Apocynaceae: A roadmap for horticultural innovation. Folia Hortic, 35(2), 479-498.
  • Khan, M. R., Zafar, M., Majeed, S., Makhkamov, T., Naraliyeva, N. & et al. (2025). Palynology as a taxonomic tool in the identification of riparian Moraceae species. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 1-12.
  • Khan, R., Abidin, S.Z.U., Ahmad, M., Zafar, M., Liu, J., Jamshed, S. & Kiliç, Ö. (2019). Taxonomic importance of SEM and LM foliar epidermal micro-morphology: A tool for robust identification of gymnosperms. Flora, 255, 42-68.
  • Liu, Y., Saqib, S., Lu, L., Lai, Y., Hu, H. & et al. (2025). Phylogenetic regionalization of the Pan‐Himalayan vascular flora. Journal of Systematics and Evolution, 63(1), 12-24.
  • Majeed, S., Zafar, M., Althobaiti, A.T., Ramadan, M.F., Ahmad, M. & et al. (2022). Comparative petiole histology using microscopic imaging visualization among Amaranthaceous taxa. Flora, 297, 152178.
  • Majeed, S., Zafar, M., Elshikh, M. S., Ali, M. A., Ahmad, M. & et al. (2024). Histological analysis of petiole structure in Euphorbiaceae species for taxonomic classification. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 1-23. Metcalfe, C.R. (1968). Current developments in systematic plant anatomy. Current developments in systematic plant anatomy.
  • Munir, M., Khan, M.A., Ahmed, M., Bano, A., Ahmed, S.N. & et al. (2011). Foliar epidermal anatomy of some ethnobotanically important species of wild edible fruits of northern Pakistan. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 5(24), 5873-5880.
  • Nazir, A., Khan, M.A., Ahmad, F., Ullah, K. & Shah, A. (2013). Foliar epidermal studies as an aid to the identification of grasses of tribe Andropogoneae (Poaceae) from Potohar region of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 45(1), 235-241.
  • Nisa, S.U., Shah, S.A., Mumtaz, A.S. & Sultan, A., 2019. Stomatal novelties in Vincetoxicum arnottianum (Asclepiadeae: Asclepiadoideae: Apocynaceae). Flora, 260, 151464.
  • Patil, V.S. & Malpathak, N.P. (2017). Micro-morphoanatomical approach for comparative analysis of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers and its adulterant plant using SEM and Cryostat. Pharmacognosy Journal, 9(1).
  • Pirolla-Souza, A., O Arruda, R.C., Pace, M.R. & Farinaccio, M.A. (2019). Leaf anatomical characters of Rhabdadenia (Rhabdadenieae, Apocynaceae), their taxonomic implications, and notes on the presence of articulated laticifers in the genus. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 305, 797-810.
  • Poornima, N., Umarajan, K.M. & Babu, K. (2009). Studies on anatomical and phytochemical analysis of Oxystelma esculentum (Lf) R. br. Ex Schltes. Botany Research International, 2(4), 239-243.
  • Qayyum, I., Ahmad, M., Habib, A., Zafar, M., Ramadan, M. F., Majeed, S., ... & Khan, M. R. (2025). SEM‐Based Foliar Micromorphology for Taxonomic Delimitation of Selected Herbaceous Species. Microscopy Research and Technique.
  • Rashid, P., Shethi, K.J. & Ahmed, A. (2020). Leaf anatomical adaptation of eighteen mangrove plant species from the Sundarbans in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Botany, 49(4), 903-911.
  • Raza, J., Ahmad, M., Zafar, M., Yaseen, G., Sultana, S., & Majeed, S. (2022). Systematic significance of seed morphology and foliar anatomy among Acanthaceous taxa. Biologia, 77(11), 3125-3142.
  • Samatova, S., Berdiyev, M., Baysunov, B., Zafar, M., Majeed, S. & et al. (2025). Phenological and morphological adaptations of Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica—(Thunb.) Lindl. ex Spach.)[Rosaceae]: insights from palynology and leaf histology. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 1-13.
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Toplam 68 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Ormancılık (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Muhammad Rizwan Khan Bu kişi benim

Muhammad Zafar

Salman Majeed

Trobjon Makhkamov Bu kişi benim

Nasibakhon Naraliyeva Bu kişi benim

Sayyara İbadullayeva

Munira Inomova Bu kişi benim

Alisher Shokirov Bu kişi benim

Muhayyo O. Buranova Bu kişi benim

Laziza Botirova Bu kişi benim

Nilufar Ergasheva Bu kişi benim

Nazgul Moldobolotova

Gönderilme Tarihi 25 Şubat 2025
Kabul Tarihi 23 Haziran 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 25 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Khan, M. R., Zafar, M., Majeed, S., … Makhkamov, T. (2025). Taxonomic Implications of Leaf Anatomical Patterns in Riparian Apocynaceae Species. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, 25(3), 422-452. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1845756
AMA Khan MR, Zafar M, Majeed S, vd. Taxonomic Implications of Leaf Anatomical Patterns in Riparian Apocynaceae Species. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. Aralık 2025;25(3):422-452. doi:10.17475/kastorman.1845756
Chicago Khan, Muhammad Rizwan, Muhammad Zafar, Salman Majeed, Trobjon Makhkamov, Nasibakhon Naraliyeva, Sayyara İbadullayeva, Munira Inomova, vd. “Taxonomic Implications of Leaf Anatomical Patterns in Riparian Apocynaceae Species”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 25, sy. 3 (Aralık 2025): 422-52. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1845756.
EndNote Khan MR, Zafar M, Majeed S, Makhkamov T, Naraliyeva N, İbadullayeva S, Inomova M, Shokirov A, Buranova MO, Botirova L, Ergasheva N, Moldobolotova N (01 Aralık 2025) Taxonomic Implications of Leaf Anatomical Patterns in Riparian Apocynaceae Species. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 25 3 422–452.
IEEE M. R. Khan vd., “Taxonomic Implications of Leaf Anatomical Patterns in Riparian Apocynaceae Species”, Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, c. 25, sy. 3, ss. 422–452, 2025, doi: 10.17475/kastorman.1845756.
ISNAD Khan, Muhammad Rizwan vd. “Taxonomic Implications of Leaf Anatomical Patterns in Riparian Apocynaceae Species”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 25/3 (Aralık2025), 422-452. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1845756.
JAMA Khan MR, Zafar M, Majeed S, Makhkamov T, Naraliyeva N, İbadullayeva S, Inomova M, Shokirov A, Buranova MO, Botirova L, Ergasheva N, Moldobolotova N. Taxonomic Implications of Leaf Anatomical Patterns in Riparian Apocynaceae Species. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 2025;25:422–452.
MLA Khan, Muhammad Rizwan vd. “Taxonomic Implications of Leaf Anatomical Patterns in Riparian Apocynaceae Species”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, c. 25, sy. 3, 2025, ss. 422-5, doi:10.17475/kastorman.1845756.
Vancouver Khan MR, Zafar M, Majeed S, Makhkamov T, Naraliyeva N, İbadullayeva S, vd. Taxonomic Implications of Leaf Anatomical Patterns in Riparian Apocynaceae Species. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 2025;25(3):422-5.