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The Role of Forest Areas as Carbon Sinks in Türkiye: The Impact of Industrialization and Energy Consumption on Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1 27 Mart 2026
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The Role of Forest Areas as Carbon Sinks in Türkiye: The Impact of Industrialization and Energy Consumption on Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Öz

Aim of study: This study examines the impact of forest area expansion on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Türkiye, focusing on the roles of industrial production, energy consumption, and economic growth. Area of study: The analysis covers Türkiye using annual data for the period 1990–2021. Data on GHG emissions, forest areas, industrial production, energy consumption, and economic growth were obtained from the Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat) and other official sources. Material and method: The study employs the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model and Johansen cointegration approach to analyze the long-run relationships among the variables. Unit root tests were conducted to examine the stationarity properties of the series. Main results: The findings indicate that forest area expansion significantly reduces GHG emissions in the long run, highlighting the role of forests as carbon sinks. In contrast, industrial production, energy consumption, and GDP per capita exert statistically significant positive effects on emissions. The Johansen cointegration results confirm a stable long-run equilibrium relationship among the variables. Research highlights: Achieving Türkiye’s emission reduction targets requires strengthening forest management policies and aligning industrial production and energy consumption with environmental sustainability.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Forest Areas, Energy Consumption, Industrialization, Türkiye

Kaynakça

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  3. Dietz, T. & Rosa, E. A. (1997). Effects of population and affluence on CO₂ emissions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 94(1), 175-179.
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  5. Engle, R. F. & Granger, C. W. J. (1987). Cointegration and error correction: representation, estimation and testing. Econometrica, 55, 251-276. https://doi.org/10.2307/1913236
  6. Erdoğan, A., Yılmaz, H. & Demir, S. (2021). Paris İklim Anlaşması ve Türkiye: Orman alanlarının genişletilmesiyle sera gazı emisyonlarının azaltılması. İklim Değişikliği ve Çevre Politikaları Dergisi, 6(2), 45-60.
  7. Grossman, G. M. & Krueger, A. B. (1995). Economic growth and the environment. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 110(2), 353-377. https://doi.org/10.2307/2118443
  8. Gujarati, D. N. (2021). Basic econometrics (5th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
  9. Inanç, S., & Ayaz, H. (2018). The impact of forests in climate change. International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology (IJEAB), 3(1), 208-213. https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab/3.1.26
  10. International Energy Agency (IEA). (2021). Global Energy Review 2021: CO₂ emissions in 2021. Retrieved from https://www.iea.org/reports/global-energy-review-2021

Kaynak Göster

APA
Şengül, S. (2026). The Role of Forest Areas as Carbon Sinks in Türkiye: The Impact of Industrialization and Energy Consumption on Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, 26(1), 42-57. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1916841
AMA
1.Şengül S. The Role of Forest Areas as Carbon Sinks in Türkiye: The Impact of Industrialization and Energy Consumption on Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 2026;26(1):42-57. doi:10.17475/kastorman.1916841
Chicago
Şengül, Serkan. 2026. “The Role of Forest Areas as Carbon Sinks in Türkiye: The Impact of Industrialization and Energy Consumption on Greenhouse Gas Emissions”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 26 (1): 42-57. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1916841.
EndNote
Şengül S (01 Mart 2026) The Role of Forest Areas as Carbon Sinks in Türkiye: The Impact of Industrialization and Energy Consumption on Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 26 1 42–57.
IEEE
[1]S. Şengül, “The Role of Forest Areas as Carbon Sinks in Türkiye: The Impact of Industrialization and Energy Consumption on Greenhouse Gas Emissions”, Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, c. 26, sy 1, ss. 42–57, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.17475/kastorman.1916841.
ISNAD
Şengül, Serkan. “The Role of Forest Areas as Carbon Sinks in Türkiye: The Impact of Industrialization and Energy Consumption on Greenhouse Gas Emissions”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 26/1 (01 Mart 2026): 42-57. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1916841.
JAMA
1.Şengül S. The Role of Forest Areas as Carbon Sinks in Türkiye: The Impact of Industrialization and Energy Consumption on Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 2026;26:42–57.
MLA
Şengül, Serkan. “The Role of Forest Areas as Carbon Sinks in Türkiye: The Impact of Industrialization and Energy Consumption on Greenhouse Gas Emissions”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, c. 26, sy 1, Mart 2026, ss. 42-57, doi:10.17475/kastorman.1916841.
Vancouver
1.Serkan Şengül. The Role of Forest Areas as Carbon Sinks in Türkiye: The Impact of Industrialization and Energy Consumption on Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 01 Mart 2026;26(1):42-57. doi:10.17475/kastorman.1916841