Correlation of Soil Quality Properties in a Tree Biosphere: A Case Study of Burnt and Unburnt Hevea brasiliensis Plantations

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1, 58 - 74, 27.03.2026

Paul Orobosa Orobator

https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1916851

https://izlik.org/JA86GF39LT

Öz

Aim of study: The study examined the correlations of soil quality properties in a tree biosphere: a case study of burnt and unburnt Hevea brasiliensis plantations.
Area of study: The research was conducted in burnt and unburnt Hevea brasiliensis plantations in Edo State, Nigeria.
Material and method: Soil samples were collected from sampled areas within the burnt and unburnt rubber plantations using the grid sampling method. Samples were obtained from both topsoil and subsoil layers and analyzed for soil properties using standard soil analytical procedures. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) statistical technique was used to determine correlations among soil quality properties.
Main results: Soil pH showed a significant positive correlation with calcium (Ca) (0.68), magnesium (Mg) (0.76), potassium (K) (0.73), iron (Fe) (0.76), zinc (Zn) (0.76), copper (Cu) (0.73), manganese (Mn) (0.69), and clay (0.67) at p < 0.05, and with exchangeable acidity (EA) (0.61) and effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) (0.62) at p < 0.01 in the topsoil of the unburnt rubber plantation. Silt showed a significant negative correlation with sand (-0.81) at p < 0.05 and with K (-0.63), Cu (-0.63), and Mn (-0.63) at p < 0.01 in the subsoil. Soil organic matter (SOM) revealed a significant positive correlation with total organic carbon (TOC) (0.96) at p < 0.05 in the topsoil of the burnt rubber plantation. Zinc (Zn) demonstrated a significant negative correlation with phosphorus (P) (-0.61) at p < 0.01 in the topsoil of the burnt rubber plantation. Clay showed a significant positive correlation with pH (0.67), EA (0.64), and ECEC (0.68) at p < 0.05 and with K (0.60) and Cu (0.60) at p < 0.01 in the topsoil of the unburnt site. Total heterotrophic bacteria count (THBC) indicated a significant positive correlation with Fe (0.95) at p < 0.05 in the topsoil of the burnt rubber plantation. THBC also showed significant positive correlations with Ca (0.74), Mg (0.83), Na (0.83), K (0.74), Fe (0.82), Zn (0.69), Cu (0.74), and Mn (0.74) at p < 0.05 in the subsoil.
Research highlights: The study revealed significant relationships among soil properties, which have important implications for soil quality management in burnt and unburnt rubber plantations. The findings also provided reliable empirical data on soil quality properties that can support precision agriculture and aid in the establishment and management of rubber plantations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bushfire , Correlation , Soil Quality , Significant Relationships , Rubber Plantations

Ağaç Biyosferinde Toprak Kalitesi Özelliklerinin Korelasyonu: Yanmış ve Yanmamış Hevea brasiliensis Plantasyonları Üzerine Bir Vaka Çalışması

https://izlik.org/JA86GF39LT

Öz

Çalışmanın Amacı: Bu çalışma, bir ağaç biyosferinde toprak kalite özelliklerinin korelasyonlarını incelemiştir: Yanmış ve yanmamış Hevea brasiliensis plantasyonları üzerine bir vaka çalışması.
Çalışma Alanı: Araştırma, Nijerya’nın Edo Eyaleti’nde bulunan yanmış ve yanmamış Hevea brasiliensis plantasyonlarında gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Toprak örnekleri, yanmış ve yanmamış kauçuk plantasyonlarındaki örnekleme alanlarından ızgara (grid) örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Örnekler hem üst toprak (topsoil) hem de alt toprak (subsoil) katmanlarından alınmış ve toprak özellikleri, standart toprak analiz yöntemleri kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Toprak kalite özellikleri arasındaki korelasyonları belirlemek için Pearson Çarpım Moment Korelasyonu (PPMC) istatistiksel tekniği uygulanmıştır.
Temel sonuçlar: Toprak pH’ı, yanmamış kauçuk plantasyonunun üst toprak katmanında kalsiyum (Ca) (0.68), magnezyum (Mg) (0.76), potasyum (K) (0.73), demir (Fe) (0.76), çinko (Zn) (0.76), bakır (Cu) (0.73), mangan (Mn) (0.69) ve kil (0.67) ile p < 0.05 düzeyinde; değişebilir asitlik (EA) (0.61) ve etkili katyon değişim kapasitesi (ECEC) (0.62) ile p < 0.01 düzeyinde anlamlı pozitif korelasyon göstermiştir. Alt toprakta silt, kum (-0.81) ile p < 0.05 düzeyinde ve K (-0.63), Cu (-0.63) ve Mn (-0.63) ile p < 0.01 düzeyinde anlamlı negatif korelasyon göstermiştir. Yanmış kauçuk plantasyonunun üst toprak katmanında toprak organik maddesi (SOM), toplam organik karbon (TOC) (0.96) ile p < 0.05 düzeyinde anlamlı pozitif korelasyon göstermiştir. Yanmış plantasyonun üst toprak katmanında çinko (Zn), fosfor (P) (-0.61) ile p < 0.01 düzeyinde anlamlı negatif korelasyon göstermiştir. Kil, yanmamış plantasyonun üst toprak katmanında pH (0.67), EA (0.64) ve ECEC (0,68) ile p < 0.05 düzeyinde; K (0.60) ve Cu (0.60) ile p < 0.01 düzeyinde anlamlı pozitif korelasyon göstermiştir. Toplam heterotrofik bakteri sayısı (THBC), yanmış kauçuk plantasyonunun üst toprak katmanında Fe (0.95) ile p < 0.05 düzeyinde anlamlı pozitif korelasyon göstermiştir. THBC ayrıca alt toprak katmanında Ca (0.74), Mg (0.83), Na (0.83), K (0.74), Fe (0.82), Zn (0.69), Cu (0.74) ve Mn (0.74) ile p < 0.05 düzeyinde anlamlı pozitif korelasyonlar göstermiştir.
Araştırma vurguları: Çalışma, toprak özellikleri arasında önemli ilişkiler bulunduğunu ortaya koymuştur; bu durum, yanmış ve yanmamış kauçuk plantasyonlarında toprak kalitesinin yönetimi açısından önemli sonuçlar doğurmaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular ayrıca, hassas tarım uygulamalarını destekleyebilecek ve kauçuk plantasyonlarının kurulması ile yönetimine katkı sağlayabilecek güvenilir ampirik veriler sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Orman Yangını , Korelasyon , Toprak Kalitesi , Anlamlı İlişkiler , Kauçuk Plantasyonları

Kaynakça

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