Isothecium alopecuroides’in antimikrobiyal aktivitesi ve bazı iklim elemanlarının bu briyofit örneğinin aktivitesi üzerine potansiyel etkisi

Yıl 2018, , 126 - 137, 15.09.2018

Ergin Murat Altuner Barbaros Çetin

https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.315779

Cited By: 2

Öz

Çalışmanın amacı: Bu çalışmanın amacı, bir briyofit olan Isothecium alopecuroides (Lam. ex Dubois) Isov.’i örnek olarak kullanarak iklimin bir bitkinin antimikrobiyal aktivitesini nasıl önemli ölçüde etkileyebileceği göstermek ve araştırmacılar tarafından bitki örneklerini toplayabilecekleri doğru yeri ve zamanı belirlemek için dikkate alabilecekleri bazı önemli çevresel faktörleri ortaya koymaktır.

Materyal ve Yöntem: İki adet briyofit örneği Aydın ve Muğla olmak üzere iki farklı lokasyondan toplanmıştır. Ekstraksiyon çözücüsü olarak kloroform, benzen, dietil eter, etil alkol, metil alkol, etil asetat, sdH20 ve 0,5 M Tris-HCl tamponu (pH: 8.0) kullanılmıştır. Antimikrobiyal aktivite Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enteretidis, Shigella flexneri, Staphylococcus aureus ve Yersinia enterocolitica’ya karşı disk difüzyon, minimum inhibisyon konsantrasyonu ve minimum bakterisidal/fungisidal konsantrasyonu testleri ile denenmiştir. Meteorolojik veriler ise Meteoroloji İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü’nden alınmıştır.

Temel Sonuçlar: Sonuç olarak Aydın'dan toplanan briyofit örneğinin sadece benzen ekstraktının B. subtilis'e etki ettiği, Muğla'dan toplanan örneğin ise B. subtilis, S. aureus, E. coli ve C. albicans'a farklı ekstraktlarda farklı değerlerde etkili olduğu gözlenmiştir. Bazı iklim elemanlarının da etkide önemli olduğu bulunmuştur.

Araştırma vurguları: Sekonder metabolitlere dayalı yapılacak herhangi bir çalışmada, bitki örneklerinin toplandığı zaman ve çevresel koşulların dikkate alınması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Isothecium alopecuroides, antimikrobiyal aktivite, iklim, sekonder metabolitler, çevresel faktörler

Antimicrobial activity of Isothecium alopecuroides and potential effect of some climate elements on the activity of this bryophyte sample

Öz

Aim of study: This study aims to present how some climate elements can dramatically affect the antimicrobial activity of a plant by using Isothecium alopecuroides (Lam. ex Dubois) Isov., a bryophyte, as a plant sample to put forward some important environmental factors.

Material and Methods: Two bryophyte samples, which were collected from two different locations, namely Aydın and Muğla. Chloroform, benzene, diethyl ether, ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, sdH2O and 0.5 M Tris-HCl buffer (pH: 8.0) were used as extraction solvents. The antimicrobial activity were tested against Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enteretidis, Shigella flexneri, Staphylococcus aureus and Yersinia enterocolitica by disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration test and minimum bactericidal/fungicial concentration tests. Meteorological data were obtained from the Turkish State Meteorological Service.

Main results: As a result, it was observed that the bryophyte sample collected from Aydın was only active against B. subtilis with only its benzene extract, but the sample collected from Muğla was active against B. subtilis, S. aureus, E. coli and C. albicans with its different extracts at different ranges. Some climate elements were also found to be important in the activity of samples.

Research highlights: It is concluded that in any study based on secondary metabolites, the time and the environmental conditions, where the plant samples are collected should be taken into account.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Isothecium alopecuroides, antimicrobial activity, climate, secondary metabolites, environmental factors

Kaynakça

• Altuner E.M. 2011. Investigation of antimicrobial activity of Punica granatum L. fruit peel ash used for protective against skin infections as folk remedies especially after male circumcision. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res., 5, 3339-3342.
• Altuner E.M., Akata I. 2010 Antimicrobial activity of some macrofungi extracts. Sakarya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 14, 45-49.
• Altuner E.M., Akata I., Canlı K. 2012a. In vitro antimicrobial screening of Bovista nigrescens (Pers.). Kastamonu Univ., Journal of Forestry Faculty, 12, 90-96.
• Altuner E.M., Akata I., Canlı K. 2012b. In vitro antimicrobial screening of Cerena unicolor (Bull.) Murrill (Polyporaceae Fr. ex Corda). Fresenius Environ. Bull., 21(1B), 3704-3710.
• Altuner E.M., Canlı K. 2012. In vitro antimicrobial screening of Hypnum andoi A.J.E. Sm. Kastamonu Univ., Journal of Forestry Faculty, 12, 97-101.
• Altuner E.M., Canlı K., Akata I. 2014. Antimicrobial Screening of Calliergonella cuspidata, Dicranum polysetum and Hypnum cupressiforme, Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 8(1), 539-545.
• Altuner E.M., Çetin B. 2009. Antimicrobial activity of Thuidium delicatulum (Bryopsida) extracts. Kafkas Üniv. Fen Bil. Enst. Derg., 2, 85-92.
• Altuner E.M., Çetin B. 2010. Antimicrobial activity of Tortella tortulosa (Hedw.) Limpr. Extracts. Kastamonu Univ. Journal of Forestry Faculty, 10, 111-116.
• Altuner E.M., Çetin B., Çökmüş C. 2010b. Antimicrobial screening of some mosses collected from Anatolia. Pharmacogn. Mag., 6, 56.
• Andrews J.M. 2003. BSAC standardized disc susceptibility testing method (version 6). J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 60, 20-41.
• Basile A., Vuotto M.L., Ielpo T.L., Moscatiello V., Ricciardi L., Giordano S., Cobianchi R.C. 1998. Antibacterial activity in Rhynchostegium riparoides (Hedw.) Card. extract (Bryophyta). Phytother. Res., 12, 146-148.
• British Bryological Society. 2010. Mosses and liverworts of Britain and Ireland, a field guide. British Bryological Society, UK.
• Canlı K., Altuner E.M., Akata I. 2015. Antimicrobial screening of Mnium stellare, Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology, 10, 321-325.
• Canlı K., Çetin B., Altuner E.M., Türkmen Y., Üzek U., Dursun H. 2014. In vitro antimicrobial screening of Hedwigia ciliata var. leucophaea and determination of the ethanol extract composition by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 8(4), 2987-2998.
• Cowan M.M. 1999. Plant products as antimicrobial agents. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 12, 564-582.
• Croteau R., Kutchan T.M., Lewis N.G. 2000. Natural Products (Secondary Metabolites), (Editors: BUCHANAN, B.B., GRUISSEM W. and JONES R.L., Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Plants) American Society of Plant Physiologists, Rockville, MD, pp. 1250-1318.
• Crozier A., Clifford M.N., Ashihara H. 2006. Plant Secondary Metabolites: Occurrence, Structure and Role in the Human Diet. Blackwell, Oxford.
• Erdogrul Ö.T. 2002. Antibacterial activities of some plant extracts used in folk medicine. Pharm. Biol., 40, 269-273.
• Figueiredo A.C., Barroso J.G., Pedro L.G. 1997. Physiological aspects of essential oil production. (Editors: FRANZ C.H., MÁTHÉ Á., BUCHBAUER G., Essential Oils: Basic and Applied Research, Proceedings of the 27th International Symposium on Essential Oils) Allured Publishing, Carol Stream, IL, pp. 95-107.
• Figueiredo A.C., Barroso J.G., Pedro L.G., Scheffer J.J.C. 2008. Factors affecting secondary metabolite production in plants: volatile components and essential oils. Flavour Frag. J., 23, 213-226.
• Hammer K.A., Carson C.F., Riley T.V. 1999. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and other plant extracts. J. Appl. Microbiol., 86, 985-990.
• Jones F.A. 1996. Herbs - useful plants. Their role in history and today. Eur. J. Gastroen. Hepat., 8, 1227-1231.
• Kenneth L.W. 1994. Macroscale and microscale organic experiments. Lexington, D.C.
• Lis-Balchin M., Deans S.G. 1997. Bioactivity of selected plant essential oils against Listeria monocytogenes. J. Appl. Bacteriol., 82, 759-762.
• Makkar H.P.S., Siddhuraju P., Becker K. 2007. Plant Secondary Metabolites. Humana, Totowa, New Jersey.
• Onbaşılı D., Altuner E.M., Çelik G.Y. 2011. Antimicrobial activity of Mnium marginatum extracts. Kastamonu Univ. Journal of Forestry Faculty, 11, 205-208.
• Reeve D. 2005. A Cultivated Zest, The lemon’s origins, production and processing. Perfum. Flavor., 30, 32-34
• Reynolds J.E.F. 1996. Martindale - the Extra Pharmacopoeia. Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, London.
• Saroya A.S. 2011. Herbalism, Phytochemistry and Ethnopharmacology. Herbal Consultant, Punjab, India.
• Turtola S., Manninen A.M., Rikala R., Kainulainen P. 2003. Drought stress alters the concentration of wood terpenoids in Scots Pine and Norway Spruce seedlings. J. Chem. Ecol,. 29, 1981-1995.
• Veljic M., Tarbuk M., Marin P.D., Ciric A., Sokovic M., Marin M. 2008. Antimicrobial activity of methanol extracts of mosses from Serbia. Pharm. Biol., 46, 871-87.