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A Stocking diagram for silvicultural implications in Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands

Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1 23 Mart 2018
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A Stocking diagram for silvicultural implications in Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands

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Aim of study: Residual stand densities are commonly defined using basal area (m2 ha-1) (BA) and number of trees per hectare (TPH) when using even-aged silvicultural methods such as clearcutting and shelterwood methods in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forests. However, it has been stated that absolute density measures such as BA and TPH are not the most useful indexes because growing space at a given BA or TPH varies with average tree diameter. Therefore, silvicultural management tools such as stocking charts (SC) and density management diagrams (DMD) have seemed to be more useful when allocating growing space to achieve a broad range of silvicultural objectives in even-aged stands. Given the importance of stand density on the regeneration success and growth of Scots pine, and given the shortages of absolute density measures (i.e. BA and TPH), a density diagram would be a useful tool for this tree species as well. Thus, in this study, a stand stocking diagram (SD) was developed for Scots pine stands.

Material and Methods: Two published equations developed from open grown Scots pine trees, and from normal Scots pine stands were utilized to determine the minimum density of full site occupancy and the average maximum density, respectively. The form of the diagram follows Gingrich stocking chart.

Main results: The A-line on the diagram represents the average maximum density where trees, on average, have the minimum growing space needed to survive. The B-line represents the lowest density where canopy closure can occur and is the minimum stocking necessary for full site occupancy or canopy closure. Consistent with a published Scots pine DMD, there is biological relevance and utility to the stocking diagram created in this study.

Highlights: With the stocking diagram presented in this paper, regeneration and tending applications will be more practical in Scots pine forests because available growing space will be well-determined and utilized using the diagram.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Density,even-aged,management tools,silviculture

Kaynakça

  1. Bialobok, S. 1975. Scots pine – Pinus sylvestris L. Foreign Scientific Publication Dept., National Center for Scientific, Technical and Economic Information, Warsaw, p. 316.
  2. Bozkurt, A.Y. 1971. Önemli bazı ağaç türleri odunlarının tanıtımı, teknolojik özellikleri ve kullanım yerleri. İ.Ü. Orman Fak. Yayın No: 177, İstanbul, 1971.
  3. Boydak, M., Ertaş, A., Çalışkan, S. 2011. Eskişehir -Çatacık yöresi sarıçamlarında (Pinus sylvestris L.) tohum verimi. Journal of the Faculty of Forestry, Istanbul University, 61(2), 17-37.
  4. Chisman, H.H., Schumacher, F.X. 1940. On the tree-area ratio and certain of its applications. Journal of Forestry, 38, 311-317.
  5. Farnden, C. 1996. Stand density management diagrams for lodgepole pine, white spruce and interior douglas-fir. Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre, Victoria, BC. Rep. BC-X-360.
  6. General Directorate of Forestry. 2014. Forest atlas. Publications of General Directorate of Forestry. 116 p. Available at: https://www.ogm.gov.tr/ekutuphane/Yayinlar/Orman%20Atlasi.pdf.
  7. Gezer, G., Gülcü, S., Bilir, N. 2002. Isparta göller yöresi sarıçam (Pinus silvestris L.) orijin denemeleri. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 1, 1-18.
  8. Gingrich, S.F. 1967. Measuring and evaluating stocking and stand density in upland hardwood forests in the central states. Forest Science, 13, 38-53.
  9. Goelz, J.C.G. 1995. A stocking guide for southern bottomland hardwoods. South Journal of Applied Forestry, 19(3), 103–113.
  10. Hasenauer, H. 1997. Dimensional relationships of open-grown trees in Austria. Forest Ecology and Management, 96, 197–206.

Kaynak Göster

APA
Kara, F. (2018). A Stocking diagram for silvicultural implications in Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, 18(1), 53-61. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.322565
AMA
1.Kara F. A Stocking diagram for silvicultural implications in Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 2018;18(1):53-61. doi:10.17475/kastorman.322565
Chicago
Kara, Ferhat. 2018. “A Stocking diagram for silvicultural implications in Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 18 (1): 53-61. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.322565.
EndNote
Kara F (01 Mart 2018) A Stocking diagram for silvicultural implications in Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 18 1 53–61.
IEEE
[1]F. Kara, “A Stocking diagram for silvicultural implications in Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands”, Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, c. 18, sy 1, ss. 53–61, Mar. 2018, doi: 10.17475/kastorman.322565.
ISNAD
Kara, Ferhat. “A Stocking diagram for silvicultural implications in Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty 18/1 (01 Mart 2018): 53-61. https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.322565.
JAMA
1.Kara F. A Stocking diagram for silvicultural implications in Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 2018;18:53–61.
MLA
Kara, Ferhat. “A Stocking diagram for silvicultural implications in Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands”. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty, c. 18, sy 1, Mart 2018, ss. 53-61, doi:10.17475/kastorman.322565.
Vancouver
1.Ferhat Kara. A Stocking diagram for silvicultural implications in Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands. Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty. 01 Mart 2018;18(1):53-61. doi:10.17475/kastorman.322565