Antagonistic Effects of Trichoderma Species in Biocontrol of Armillaria Root Rot Disease In Vitro Conditions

Year 2022, Volume: 22 Issue: 1, 17 - 23, 31.03.2022

Ayşe Mehtap Aslan Beşir Yüksel Nuray Öztürk

https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1095712

Abstract

Aim of study: Armillaria root rot is a disease of fruit trees, some herbaceous plants and forest trees. Armillaria spp. which cause this disease, are among the most destructive fungal pathogens of trees. In this study, antagonistic effects of Trichoderma species in biocontrol of Armillaria were investigated in vitro conditions
Area of study: The study area was in the Düzce University, Konuralp Campus.
Material and methods: Trichoderma harzianum was provided from Düzce University, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forestry Industrial Engineering (FS19) and Trichoderma viride was provided from Düzce University, Konuralp Campus. Armillaria mellea and Desarmillaria tabescens were isolated from the infected roots of hazelnut and oak trees in Konuralp Campus and cultured in potato dextrose agar. Trichoderma species were inoculated to confront with the pathogens in cultures of Armillaria and Desarmillaria to determine antagonistic effects for 15 days. Penetration of Trichoderma hyphae in rhizomorphs and sporulation of Trichoderma species in the surface of rhizomorphs were investigated by scanning electron microscopy.
Main results: The statistically significant decrease was observed for A. mellea and Desarmillaria species caused by Trichoderma. One day after Trichoderma inoculation, Trichoderma hyphae grew approximately twice as much towards the host rhizomorphs. Three days after colonization of Armillaria and Desarmillaria rhizomorphs by Trichoderma, growth of Armillaria and Desarmillaria seemed to completely stopped.
Highlights: Trichoderma species have been studied as the most widely used antagonists in biological control against many plant-pathogenic fungi worldwide. To develop an effective biological method for plant protection in the future, biological control studies are highly important in oak forest under natural stand conditions.

Keywords

Antagonistic effect, Armillaria mellea, Desarmillaria tabescens, Root rot, Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma viride

In Vitro Koşullarında Armillaria Kök Çürüklüğü Hastalığının Biyolojik Kontrolünde Trichoderma Türlerinin Antagonistik Etkileri

Abstract

Çalışmanın amacı: Armillaria kök çürüklüğü, bazı otsu bitkiler, meyve ağaçları, ve orman ağaçlarında zarar yapan fungal bir hastalıktır. Bu hastalığa neden olan Armillaria türleri, ağaçlar üzerinde etkili en yıkıcı fungal patojenler arasında yer alır. Bu çalışmada Armillaria türlerinin biyokontrolünde Trichoderma türlerinin antagonistik etkileri araştırılmıştır.
Çalışma alanı: Çalışma alanı Düzce Üniversitesi Konuralp Kampüsü yerleşkesindedir.
Materyal ve yöntem: Çalışmada kullanılan Trichoderma harzianum Düzce Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Orman Endüstri Mühendisliği Bölümü’nden (FS19), Trichoderma viride ise Düzce Üniversitesi Konuralp Yerleşkesinden temin edilmiştir. Armillaria mellea ve Desarmillaria tabescens türleri ise Düzce Üniversitesi Konuralp Kampüsünde bulunan hastalıklı fındık ve meşe ağaçlarının köklerinden izole edilerek patates dekstroz agarında kültüre alınmıştır. Daha sonra Trichoderma türleri Armillaria ve Desarmillaria kültürlerine yerleştirilmiş ve 15 gün boyunca gelişimleri gözlemlenmiştir. Trichoderma hiflerinin rizomorflara girişi ve sporulasyonu taramalı elektron mikroskobu kullanılarak gözlemlenmiştir.
Temel sonuçlar: A. mellea ve Desarmillaria türlerinin büyümelerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir düşüş gözlenmiştir. Bir gün sonra yapılan ölçümde Trichoderma hiflerinin Armillaria ve Desarmillaria rizomorflarının yaklaşık iki katı kadar olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Trichoderma türlerinin kolonizasyonundan sonra, Armillaria ve Desarmillaria funguslarının üçüncü günden itibaren gelişimleri sonlanmıştır.
Araştırma vurguları: Trichoderma türleri, pek çok bitki patojen funguslarına karşı biyolojik mücadelede en yaygın kullanılan antagonistler olarak bilinmektedir. Gelecekte etkin bir biyolojik mücadele yöntemi geliştirmek için doğal ortam koşullarında bu çalışmaların yapılması oldukça önemlidir.

Keywords

Antogonistik etki, Armillaria mellea, Desarmillaria tabescens, Kök çürüklüğü, Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma viride

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