Rekreasyon Alanlarda Toprak Sıkışmasının Bitki ve Toprak Fizikokimyasal Özellikleri Üzerindeki Etkileri: Kastamonu Örneği

Year 2024, Volume: 24 Issue: 1, 22 - 40, 03.04.2024

Gamze Savacı , Khalid Mohamed M. Abokdar

https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1460405

Abstract

Çalışmanın amacı: Bu çalışmada rekreasyon alanı topraklarında, toprak penetrasyon direncinin toprak özellikleri ve ağaç fizyolojisi üzerindeki olası etkileri araştırılmıştır.
Çalışma alanı: Kastamonu’da bulunan Açık Maslak ve Kadıdağı rekreasyon alanlarda çalışılmıştır.
Materyal ve yöntem: Her bir rekreasyon alanı içerisinde park, yol, kontrol ve piknik alanların 395 toprak örneğinin bazı özellikleri belirlenmiştir. 61 noktada toprak penetrasyon direnci penetrometre ile ölçülmüştür. 42 ağacın taze ibre örneklerinde bazı fizyolojik özellikler belirlenmiştir.
Temel sonuçlar: Kontrol alanların toprak penetrasyon direnci orta derecede ve 1.6 MPa ile 2.1 MPa arasında değişirken, yüksek derecede sıkışmış diğer kullanım alanlarında 2.03 MPa ile 3.75 MPa arasında değişmektedir. Organik madde ve geçirgenlik değerlerinin artmasıyla toprağın penetrasyon direnci doğrusal olarak azalırken, hacim ağırlığının artmasıyla ile birlikte doğrusal olarak artmıştır. Ayrıca ağacın fizyolojik özellikleri toprak penetrasyon direncine etkisi istatistiksel olarak anlamsızdır (P>0.05).
Araştırma vurguları: Toprak kullanımına bağlı olarak, organik madde, permeabilite, hacim ağırlığı ve toprak nemi üzerinde toprak penetrasyon direncinin çok az da olsa etkili olduğu, ancak ağaçlardaki bazı kimyasal bileşiklerin toprak penetrasyon direncinde önemli bir eğilim göstermediği görülmüştür. Bulgularımız, rekreasyon alanı topraklarında orta ve yüksek derece sıkışmanın çoğunlukla ziyaretçilerin yoğunluğu ya da ziyaretçiler tarafından çiğnenmesinin önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğu ve bunun da toprağın bozulmasına yol açabileceğini göstermektedir

Keywords

Toprak Sıkışması, Besin Elementi, Çam İbresi, Bitki Fizyolojisi, Rekreasyon

Effects of Soil Compaction on Vegetation and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Recreational Areas: A Case Study of Kastamonu

Abstract

Aim of study: This study investigated the possible effects of soil penetration resistance on soil properties and tree physiology in recreational area soils.
Area of study: It was studied in Açık Maslak and Kadıdağı recreational areas in Kastamonu.
Material and methods: Some soil properties were determined in 395 soil samples from park, road, control, and picnic areas in each recreational area. At 61 points, soil penetration resistance was measured with a penetrometer. Some physiological properties were determined in fresh needle samples of 42 trees.
Main results: Soil penetration resistance in the control ranges from 1.6 MPa to 2.1 MPa, with medium compaction, while in other-use areas with high compaction ranged from 2.03 MPa to 3.75 MPa. The soil penetration resistance linearly decreased with increasing organic matter and permeability values. In contrast, the soil penetration resistance increased linearly with increasing soil bulk density. Additionally, the effects of all of tree’s physiological properties on soil penetration resistance were not found to be statistically significant (P>0.05).
Research highlights: Depending on soil use, it was observed that soil penetration resistance was less effective for organic matter, permeability, bulk density and soil moisture content. However, some chemical compounds in trees did not show a significant trend in soil penetration resistance. Our findings show that moderate to high compaction in recreational area soils often significantly affects visitor density or trampling by visitors, which can lead to soil degradation

Keywords

Soil Compaction, Nutrients, Pine Needle, Plant Physiology, Recreation

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