Arazi Kullanımı/Arazi Örtüsü (AKAÖ) Değişiminin Arazi Yüzey Sıcaklığı (AYS) Üzerindeki Etkilerinin Değerlendirilmesi: Kağıthane Havzası Örneği

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 2, 141 - 157, 03.10.2024

Betül Uygur Erdoğan , Reyhan Saglam , Rabia Vildan Yar

https://doi.org/10.17475/kastorman.1557407

Öz

Çalışmanın amacı: Bu çalışma Landsat uydu görüntüleri kullanılarak arazi kullanımı/arazi örtüsü (AKAÖ) değişiminin arazi yüzey sıcaklığı (AYS) üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemek ve AYS'de arazi kullanımı olarak orman örtüsü ve kentleşmenin sonuçları arasındaki farkları ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Çalışma alanı: Nüfus artışı ile arazi kullanımı/arazi örtüsü değişimlerinin en dikkat çekici şekilde yaşandığı İstanbul ilinde yer alan Kağıthane Havzası çalışma alanı olarak seçilmiştir.
Materyal ve yöntem: Bu kapsamda 2002 yılı için Landsat 5 ve 2021 yılı için Landsat 8 uydu görüntüleri kullanılmıştır. Bu veri kaynakları, Kağıthane Havzası için Landsat görüntülerinin arazi kullanımlarına göre sınıflandırılması, normalleştirilmiş bitki örtüsü farkının (NDVI) tahmin edilmesi, 2002-2021 yılları arasında arazi yüzey sıcaklığının belirlenmesi, hesaplama adımları ile AKAÖ ile AYS arasındaki ilişkiyi ve NDVI ile AYS arasındaki korelasyonu araştırmak için kullanıldı.
Temel sonuçlar: Çalışma sonuçları incelendiğinde, 2002-2021 yılları arasında AKAÖ’ye bağlı AYS değerleri en yüksek kentsel ve açık alanlarda gözlenirken; en düşük değerler ise orman alanları ve su yüzeylerinde gözlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte AYS’deki en düşük artış 0.6°C ile orman alanlarında; en yüksek artış da 2.6°C ile kentsel alanlarda tespit edilmiştir.
Araştırma vurguları: Bu çalışma havzadaki orman alanlarının parçalanmadan korunmasının önemini ve kent ikliminde serinletici etkinin artırılabilmesi için de orman alanlarının veya yeşil alanların kent içerisinde planlamasının yapılmasının ne kadar gerekli olduğunu göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Arazi Kullanımı/Arazi Örtüsü (AKAÖ), Arazi Yüzey Sıcaklığı (AYS), Orman Alanları, Kentsel Havzalar, Serinletme Etkisi

Evaluation of the Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) Change Effects on Land Surface Temperature (LST): A Case Study of Kağıthane Watershed

Öz

Aim of study: This study was carried out to determine the effects of land use/land cover (LULC) change on land surface temperature (LST) using Landsat satellite images.
Area of study: The study area is the Kağıthane watershed in Istanbul, where population growth and LULC changes are experienced most strikingly.
Material and methods: Landsat 5 for 2002 and Landsat 8 for 2021 were used to investigate the relationship between LULC and LST and the correlation between NDVI and LST by the steps of classification of Landsat images to determine the change in LULC, estimation of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), calculation of the LST for 2002 and 2021.
Main results: When the results were examined, the major increase and decrease were 1014.7 ha and 933.3 ha in urban and forest areas, respectively. The highest LST values related to LULC were observed in urban and open areas while the lowest values were observed in forest areas and water bodies. Besides, the lowest increase in LST was 0.6°C in forest areas, whereas the highest increase was detected in urban areas with 2.6°C.
Research highlights: This study has shown the importance of protecting the forest areas in the watershed from fragmentation and how necessary it is to plan forests or green areas for cooling the urban climate.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Land Use/Land Cover (LULC), Land Surface Temperature (LST), Forest Areas, Urban Watersheds, Cooling Effect

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