YAPAY ZEKALI DÜNYADA TURİZM PAZARLAMASI

Öz

Peter Drucker'ın "her organizasyonun amacının müşteriyi memnun etmek olduğu" ifadesi, pazarlama literatüründe önemini korumaktadır. Konaklama sektöründe, turist memnuniyeti geleneksel olarak turistin yaşadığı genel tatmin veya mutluluk derecesiyle ölçülmüştür. Bu durum da turistlerin taleplerini, beklentilerini ve ihtiyaçlarını karşılama sonucunda ortaya çıkmaktadır. Robotlar, yapay zeka ve hizmet otomasyonunun (RAISA) gelişimi ve seyahat, turizm ve konaklama sektörlerinde kullanılmaya başlanmasıyla, müşteri memnuniyetiyle ilgili geleneksel düşünceler değişiklik göstermiştir. RAISA'nın tanıtımı, özellikle otel ve turizm sektörlerinde, işletmelerin operasyonlarını düzenlemelerine, maliyetleri azaltmalarına, verimliliği artırmalarına, hizmetlerinin etkinliğini ve güvenilirliğini iyileştirmelerine olanak tanımıştır. Havaalanlarında, otellerde ve diğer kuruluşlarda uzun süredir müşteri deneyimini geliştirmek, bekleme sürelerini azaltmak ve operasyonel maliyetleri düşürmek için hizmet teknolojileri ve hizmet otomasyonu kullanılmaktadır. Bu nedenle, birçok konaklama şirketi, bu talepleri karşılamak için hizmetlerinin etkinliğini ve güvenilirliğini artırmak amacıyla teknolojiye yatırım yapmaktadır. Seyahat ve konaklama sektöründeki birçok şirket, üretkenliği artırmak ve insan müdahalesini minimumda tutarak hizmet sunmak için otomasyona daha fazla güvenmektedir. Oteller ve seyahat şirketleri, misafirlerin ihtiyaçlarına yardımcı olmak için 7/24 müşteri desteği sunmaktadır. Öz hizmet araçları kullanıma sunulmuş, rezervasyon yapmak ve diğer görevleri gerçek bir temsilciye başvurmadan gerçekleştirmek kolay hale gelmiştir. Dahası, ekonomi giderek daha fazla yapay zeka içerecek ve bu da insanları hizmet sağlayıcı olarak ihtiyaç azaltacaktır. Konaklama ve turizm endüstrisi, pazarlama otomasyonunun kullanımından büyük ölçüde faydalanacaktır. Bu makalenin amacı, yapay zekanın gelecekteki pazarlama çabalarını nasıl etkilediği konusunda detaylı bir içerik ve bilgi sağlamaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yapay Zeka
• Pazarlama
• Otelcilik
• Turizm İşletmeleri

HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM MARKETING IN AN ARTIFICALLY INTELLIGENT WORLD

Öz

Peter Drucker’s statement that “the purpose of any organization is to satisfy the customer” is a well-known quote in marketing literature. In the hospitality industry, tourist satisfaction has traditionally been measured by the degree of overall pleasure or happiness experienced by the tourist, resulting from meeting their demands, expectations, and needs. With the development of robots, artificial intelligence (AI), and service automation (RAISA), and their use in travel, tourism, and hospitality, the conversation around customer satisfaction has shifted. The introduction of RAISA has allowed businesses, particularly in the hotel and tourism industries, to streamline their operations, reduce costs, increase productivity, and improve the efficiency and reliability of their services. Self-service technologies and service automation have long been used in airports, hotels, and other establishments to improve customer experience, reduce wait times, and lower operational costs. As a result, an increasing number of hospitality companies are investing in technology to enhance the efficiency and dependability of their services to meet these demands. Many companies in the travel and hospitality industries are increasingly relying on automation to improve productivity and provide services with minimal human intervention. Hotels and travel companies have round-the-clock customer support available to assist guests with their needs. Self-service tools have become available, making it easy to make reservations and perform other tasks without the need to speak to a live representative. Moreover, the economy will increasingly include AI, and this will diminish the need for humans as service providers. The hospitality and tourism industry will benefit greatly from the use of marketing automation. This paper provides detailed information on how AI affects future marketing efforts.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Artificial intelligence
• marketing efforts
• Hospitality
• Tourism Companies

Kaynakça

1. Abrate, G., Nicolau, J. L., & Viglia, G. (2019). The impact of dynamic price variability on revenue maximization. Tourism Management, 74, 224-233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2019.03.013
2. Alboqami, H. (2023). Trust me, I’m an influencer! Casual recipes for customer trust in artificial intelligence influencers in the retail industry. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 72, 103242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2022.103242
3. Ameen, N., Sharma, G. D., Tarba, S., Rao, A., & Chopra, R. (2022). Toward advancing theory on creativity in marketing and artificial intelligence. Psychology & Marketing, 39(9), 1802-1825. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21699
4. Arnold, V. (2023). AI influencer – the future of marketing? Retrieved from https://neuroflash.com/blog/ai-influencer-the-future-of-marketing/
5. Baidin, I. (2023). Robo-travel: How AI is changing the industry. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/ forbesbusinesscouncil/2023/05/15/robo-travel-how-ai-is-changing-the-industry/?sh=6e6a56671a30
6. Barrera, K. G., & Shah, D. (2023). Marketing in the Metaverse: Conceptual understanding, framework and research agenda. Journal of Business Research, 155, 113420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.113420
7. Basha, M. (2023). Impact of artificial intelligence on marketing. East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(3), 993-1004. https://doi.org/10.55927/eajmr.v2i3.3112
8. Blaschke, F., Biewendt, M., & Böhnert, A. (2021). The repercussions of the digital twin in the automotive industry on the new marketing logic. European Journal of Marketing and Economics, 4(1), 68-73.

9. Borden, K., & Herlt, A. (2022). Digital twins: What could they do for your business. Retrieved from https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/operations/our-insights/digital-twins-what-could-they-do-for your-business
10. Bots & People. (2022). A fully automated company: A future story. Retrieved from https://www.botsandpeople. com/blog/a-fully-automated-company-a-future-story
11. Bowen, J., & Whalen, E. (2017). Trends that are changing travel and tourism. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 9(6), 592-602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/WHATT-09-2017-0045
12. Buhalis, D., Leung, D., & Lin, M. (2023). Metaverse as a disruptive technology revolutionizing tourism management and marketing. Tourism Management, 97, 104724. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2023.104724
13. Buhalis, D., Lin, M. S., & Leung, D. (2023). Metaverse as a driver for customer experience and value co-creation: Implications for hospitality and tourism management and marketing. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 35(2), 701-716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-05-2022-0631
14. Bulchand-Gidumal, J. (2022). Impact of artificial intelligence in travel, tourism and hospitality. In: Handbook of e-Tourism, Xiang, Z., Fuchs, M., Gretzel, U., Höpken, W. (eds), Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3 030-48652-5_110
15. Chaudhary, J. (2022). Marketing strategies to break in to the Metaverse. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/ forbesagencycouncil/2022/09/19/marketing-strategies-to-break-into-the-metaverse/?sh=12f970006db4
16. Clark, L. (2022). Metaverse marketing: 2023 ultimate guide to create an immersive brand experience. Retrieved from https://peertopeermarketing.co/metaverse-marketing/
17. Constitutional Rights Foundation. (2018). Automation and the American worker. Retrieved from https://www. crf-usa.org/images/pdf/automation-american-worker.pdf
18. Cooke, P. (2021). Image and reality: Digital twins in smart factory automotive process innovation – critical issues. Regional Studies, 55(10-11), 1630-1641. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2021.1959544
19. Defraeye, T., Shrivastava, C., Berry, T., Verboven, P., Onwude, D., Schudel, S., Bühlman, A., Cronje, P., & Rossi, R. M. (2021). Digital twins are coming: Will we need them in supply chains of fresh horticultural produce?. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 109, 245-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.025
20. den Boer, A. V. (2015). Dynamic pricing and learning: Historical origins, current research, and new directions. Surveys in Operations Researchand Management Science, 20(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sorms.2015.03.001
21. Dwivedi, Y. K., Hughes, L., Wang, Y., Alalwan, A. A., Ahn, S. J., Balakrishnan, J., Barta, S., Belk, R., Buhalis, D., Dutot, V., Felix, R., Filieri, R., Flavian, C., Gustafsson, A., Hinsch, C., Hollansen, S., Jain, V., Kim, J., Krishen, A. S., Lartey, J. O., Pandey, N., Ribeiro-Navarrete, S., Raman, R., Rauschnabel, P. A., Sharma, A., Sigala, M., Veloutsou, C., & Wirtz, J. (2022). Metaverse marketing: How the Metaverse will shape the future of consumer research and practice. Psychology & Marketing, 40(4), 750-776. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21767
22. Fluckinger, D. (2022). Marketing automation. Retrieved from https://www.techtarget.com/searchcustomerexperience/definition/marketing-automation
23. Frith, A. (2023). What will the Internet be like in 2050. Retrieved from https://www.thedubs.com/what-will-theinternet-be-like-in-2050/
24. Fomby, D. (2019). AI in the hospitality industry: Pros and cons. Retrieved from https://www.hotel-online.com/ press_releases/release/ai-in-the-hospitality-industry-pros-and-cons/
25. Frackiewicz, M. (2023). The role of digital twins in smart tourism. Retrieved from https://ts2.space/en/the-role-of-digital-twins-in-smart tourism/#:~:text=Digital%20twins%20are%20virtual%20replicas%20of%20physical%20places%2C%20environments%2C%20and,hotels%2C%20restaurants%2C%20and%20attractions.
26. Fuchs, C. (2010). studiVZ: Social networking in the surveillance society. Ethics & Information Technology, 12(2), 171-185. https://doi.org 10.1007/s10676-010-9220-z
27. Geyser, W. (2023). The state of AI in influencer marketing: A comprehensive benchmark report. Retrieved from https://influencermarketinghub.com/ai-in-influencer-marketing/
28. Gibbs, C., Guttentag, D., Gretzel, U., Yao, L., & Morton, J. (2018). Use of dynamic pricing strategies by Airbnb hosts. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 30(1), 2-20. http://dx.doi.org /10.1108/IJCHM-09-2016-0540
29. Go Connected. (2023). Why digital marketing is important in 2050? Retrieved from https://gonnected.com/en/ why-digital-marketing-is-important-in-2050/
30. Gretzel, U. (2022). The smart DMO: A new step in the digital transformation of destination management organizations. European Journal of Tourism Research, 30, 3002. https://doi.org/10.54055/ejtr.v30i.2589
31. Guo, J., & Lv, Z. (2022). Application of digital twins in multiple fields. Multuimedia Tools and Applications, 81, 26941- 26967. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-022-12536-5
32. Gupta, R., & Pathak, C. (2014). A machine learning framework for predicting purchase by online customers based on dynamic pricing. Procedia Computer Scence, 36, 599-605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2014.09.060
33. Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Qadri, M. A., Singh, R. P., & Suman, R. (2022). Artificial intelligence (AI) applications for marketing: A literature-based study. International Journal of Intelligent Networks, 3, 119-132. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.ijin.2022.08.005
34. Hazan, E., Kelly, G., Khan, H., Spillecke, D., & Yee, L. (2022). Marketing in the Metaverse: An opportunity for innovation and experimentation. Retrieved from https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/growth marketing-and-sales/our-insights/marketing-in-the-metaverse-an-opportunity-for-innovation-and-experimentation
35. Heimbach, I., Kostyra, D. S., & Hinz, O. (2015). Marketing Automation. Business Information System Engineering, 57(2), 129-133.
36. Hetler, A. (2022). Marketing in the Metaverse: What marketers need to know. Retrieved from https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/feature/Marketing-in-the-metaverse-What-marketers-need-to-know
37. Hintz, A., Dencik, L., & Wahl-Jorgensen, K. (2017). Digital citizenshiğp and surveillance society. International Journal of Communication, 11, 731-739.
38. Hollander, J. (2023). AI in hospitality: The impact of artificial intelligence on the hotel industry. Retrieved from https://hoteltechreport.com/news/ai-in-hospitality#:~:text=AI%20can%20automate%20repetitive%20 tasks,providing%20personalized%20service%20to%20guests.
39. Hollansen, S., Kotler, P., & Opresnik, O. (2023). Metaverse – The new marketing universe. Journal of Business Strategy, 44(3), 119-125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/JBS-01-2022-0014
40. Hotel Tech Report. (2022). How to think about automation’s impact on hospitality. https://hoteltechreport.com/news/automation-in-hospitality
41. Iot Worlds. (2022). Design and development of automation system for the tourism industry. https://www.iotworlds.com/design-and-development-of-automation-system-for-the-tourism-industry/
42. Ivanov, S. (2021). Robonomics: The rise of the automated economy. Robonomics: The Journal of the Automated Economy, 1, 1-11.
43. Ivanov, S. (2019). How will automation technologies disrupt the travel, tourism and hospitality industries?. Zeitschrift für Tourismuswissenschaft, 11(1), 25-43.
44. Ivanov, S., Webster, C., & Berezina, K. (2017). Adoption of robots and service automation by tourism and hospitalitycompanies. Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento, 27/28, 1501-1517.
45. Ivanov, S. (2022). AI2AI marketing: Foundations and research agenda. Robonomics: The Journal of the Automated Economy, 3, 26.
46. Ivars-Baidal, J. A., Celdran-Bernabeu, M. A., Mazon, J. N., & Perles-Ivars, A. F. (2019). Smart destinations and the evolution of ICTs: A new scenario for destination management. Current Issues in Tourism, 22(13), 1581-1600. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2017.1388771
47. Jain, P., & Aggarwal, K. (2020). Transforming marketing with artificial intelligence. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 7(7), 3964-3976.
48. Jiang, Y., Yin, S., Li, K., Luo, H., & Kaynak, O. (2021). Industrial applications of digital twins. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sicences, 379(2270), 20200360. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2020.0360
49. Khatri, M. (2022). Revamping the marketing world with Metawerse – The future of marketing. International Journal of Computer Applications, 184(29), 1-5.
50. Kholin, S., & Slesar, M. (2022). Why and how to build an automated travel system in 2023. Retrieved from https://onix-systems.com/blog/10-ways-an-automated-travel-system-can-benefit-a-tourism-business
51. Kim, J. (2021). Advertising in the Metaverse: Research agenda. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 21(3), 141-144. https://doi.org/10.1080/15252019.2021.2001273
52. Leung, X. Y. (2020). Technology-enabled service evolution in tourism: A perspective article. Tourism Review, 75(1), 279-282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/TR-06-2019-0229
53. Liu-Thompkins, Y., Okazaki, S., & Li, H. (2022). Artificial empathy in marketing interactions: Bridging the human-AI gap in affective and social customer experience. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 50, 1198-1218. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-022-00892-5
54. Lui, T. W., Piccoli, G., & Ives, B. (2007). Marketing strategies in virtual worlds. Advances in Information Systems, 38(4), 77-80.
55. Lv, H., Shi, S., & Gursoy, D. (2021). A look back and a leap forward: A review and synthesis of big data and artificial intelligence literature in hospitality and tourism. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 31(2), 145-175. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2021.1937434
56. Ma, L. & Sun, B. (2020). Machine learning and AI in marketing – Connecting computing power to human insights. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 37, 481-504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2020.04.005
57. Mahmood Alkhafagi, Y. A., & Hussein Alsiede, Y. A. (2022). Is the stealth marketing an element of promotion mix? A review of the techniques. Webology, 19(1), 6246-6266.
58. Mariani, M. M., Perez-Vega, R., & Wirtz, J. (2021). AI in marketing, consumer research and psychology: A systematic literature review and research agenda. Psychology & Marketing, 39(4), 755-776. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21619
59. Marin, R. (2019). Dynamic pricing & AI: The future of e-commerce. Retrieved from https://blog.priceedge.eu/dynamic-pricing-ai-the-future-of-e-commerce/
60. Mariani, M. (2020). Big data and analytics in tourism and hospitality: A perspective article. Tourism Review, 75(1), 299-303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/TR-06-2019-0259
61. Markets and Markets. (2022). Marketing automation market by component (software, services) application (social media marketing, email marketing, inbound marketing), deployment type, organization size, vertical and region – Global forecast to 2027. Retrieved from: https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Market Reports/marketing-automation-software-market-155627928.html
62. Marr, B. (2023). Exciting advances in brain-computer interfaces and AI. Retrieved from https://futureofmarketinginstitute.com/exciting-advances-in-brain-computer-interfaces-and-ai/
63. Marr, B. (2022). Artificial intelligence and the future of marketing. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2022/09/09/artificial-intelligence-and-the-future-of marketing/?sh=9e1001f697f6
64. McKinsey Global Institute. (2018). AI, automation, and the future of work: Ten things to solve for. Retrieved from: https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/featured%20insights/future%20of%20organizations/ ai%20automation%20and%20the%20future%20of%20work%20ten%20things%20to%20solve%20for/ mgi-briefing-note-ai-automation-and-the-future-of-work_june2018.pdf
65. Mulchany, L. (2019). How to use digital twin technology to revolutionize your marketing approach. Retrieved from https://exclusive.multibriefs.com/content/how-to-use-digital-twins-to-revolutionize-your-marketing-approach/marketing
66. Nicastro, D. (2022). What is marketing automation and how does it help marketers? Retrieved from https://www.cmswire.com/marketing-automation/what-is-marketing-automation-and-how-does-it-help-marketers/
67. NYU Dispatch. (2022). Marketing automation pros and cons. Retrieved from https://wp.nyu.edu/dispatch/marketing-automation-pros-and-cons/
68. Optimove. (2022). Artificial intelligence and marketing automation. Retrieved from https://www.optimove.com/resources/learning-center/artificial-intelligence-marketing-automation
69. Oracle. (2022). What is marketing automation used for? Retrieved from https://www.oracle.com/cx/marketing/automation/what-is-marketing-automation/
70. Outsource to Us. (2023). The future of marketing in 2030, are you prepared? Retrieved from https://outsourcetous.com.au/future-of-marketing-in-2030/
71. Palos-Sanchez, P., Saura, J. R., & Martin-Felicia, F. (2019). A study of the effects of programmatic advertising on users’ concerns about privacy overtime. Journal of Business Research, 96, 61-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.10.059
72. Parmar, R., Leiponen, A., & Thomas, L D. W. (2020). Building an organizational digital twin. Business Horizons, 63, 725-736. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2020.08.001
73. Pasternak, M. (2017). Marketing automation in hospitality industry – From generating leads to building strong relationships. Retrieved from https://marketingautomagic.com/2017/08/marketing-automation-in hospitality-industry-from-generating-leads-to-building-strong-relationships/
74. Peltier, J. W., Dahl, A. J., & Schibrowsky, J. A. (2023). Artificial intelligence in interactive marketing: A conceptual framework and research agenda. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIM-01-2023-0030
75. Rahmanzadeh, S., Pishvaee, M. S., & Govindan, K. (2021). Emergence of open supply chain management: The role of open innovation in the future smart industry using digital twin network. Annals of Operations Research, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-021-04254-2
76. Ramadan, Z. (2023). Marketing in the Metaverse era: Toward an integrative channel approach. Virtual Reality, 27, 1905-1918. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-023-00783-2
77. Rathore, B. (2018). Metaverse marketing: Novel challenges, opportunities, and strategic approaches. EDUZONE, 7(1), 72-82.
78. Roy, A., & Chattopadhyay, S. P. (2010). Stealth marketing as a strategy. Business Horizons, 53, 69-79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2009.09.004
79. Ruesch, C. (2022). The future of dynamic pricing for airlines. Retrieved from https://flyr.com/resource hub/thefuture-of-dynamic-pricing-for-airlines/
80. Saul, L. (2022). Service robots and AI: What impact on the future of hospitality. https://hospitalityinsights.ehl.edu/ service-robots-future-of-hospitality
81. Sales Force. (2022). What is Marketing Automation?. https://www.salesforce.com/eu/learning-centre/marketing/what-is-marketing-automation/
82. Samala, N., Katkam, B. S., Bellamkonda, R. S., & Rodriguez, R. V. (2022). Impact of AI and robotics in the tourism sector: A critical insight. Journal of Tourism Futures, 8(1), 73-87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/JTF-07-2019-0065
83. Samara, D., Magnisalis, I., & Peristeras, V. (2020). Artificial intelligence and big data in tourism: A systematic literature review. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 11(2), 343-367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/JHTT 12-2018-0118
84. Samuel, A., White, G. R. T., Thomas, R., & Jones, P. (2021). Programmatic advertising: An exegesis of consumer concerns. Computers in Human Behavior, 116, 106657. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106657
85. Sands, S., Campbell, C. L, Plangger, K., & Ferraro, C. (2022). Unreal influence: Leveraging AI in influencer marketing. European Journal of Marketing, 56(6), 1721-1747. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EJM-12-2019-0949
86. Schaffler, L. (2021). The role of artificial influencers in tourism marketing. Retrieved from https://www.modul.ac.at/uploads/files/Theses/Bachelor/Undergrad_2021/BBA_2021/11801176_SCHAFFLER_Lara_BBA_Thesis.pdf
87. Schroeder, R. (2008). Defining virtual worlds and virtual environments. Journal of Virtual Worlds Research, 1(1), Retrieved from https://jvwr-ojs-utexas.tdl.org/jvwr/article/view/294/248
88. Shartsis, A. (2019). In the future, everything will be dynamically priced. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbestechcouncil/2019/09/10/in-the-future-everything-will-be-dynamically-priced/?sh=6a03561f8f16
89. Skiera, B. (2016). Data, data and even more data: Harvesting insights from the data jungle. Sciendo, 8(2), 10- 17. https://doi.org/10.1515/gfkmir-2016-0010
90. Sorokina, E., Wang, Y., Fyall, A., Lugosi, P., Torres, E., & Jung, T. (2022). Constructing a smart destination framework: A destination marketing organization perspective. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 23, 100688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2021.100688
91. Swieczak, W. (2013). Marketing Automation Processes as a Way to Improve Contemporary Marketing of a Company. Marketing of Scientific and Research Organizations, 3(9), 3-15.
92. Thornell, C. (2022). Robots and automation move from novelty to necessity in hotels. https://skift.com/2022/05/10/robots-and-automation-move-from-novelty-to-necessity-in-hotels/
93. Thumbvista. (2023). 12 programmatic advertising ideas for tourism marketing. Retrieved from https://thumbvista.com/2023/04/12-programmatic-advertising-ideas-for-tourism-marketing/
94. Tong, L., Yan, W., & Manta, O. (2022). Artificial intelligence influences intelligent automation in tourism: A mediating role of Internet of things and environmental, social, and governance investment. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10, 853302. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.853302
95. Tonkova, E. (2016). Automated Marketing and the Need to Revise Traditional Practices. Journal of Emerging Trends in Marketing and Management, I(1), 167-174.
96. Tsai, S. P. (2022). Investigating Metaverse marketing for travel and tourism. Journal of Vacation Marketing, https://doi.org/10.1177/13567667221145715
97. Tuo, Y., Ning, L., & Zhu, A. (2020). How artificial intelligence will change the future of tourism industry: The practice in China. Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2021, 28, 83-94.
98. Vecchia, M. D. & Peter, M. K. (2018). Marketing Automation: A Project Framework in Support of Digital Transformation. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, 141, 117-130.
99. Verma, S., Sharma, R., Deb, S., & Maitra, D. (2021). Artificial intelligence in marketing: Systematic review and future research direction. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, 1, 100002. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2020.100002
100. Vlacic, B., Corbo, L., Costa e Silva, S., & Dabic, M. (2021). The evolving role of artificial intelligence in marketing: A review and research agenda. Journal of Business Research, 128, 187-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.01.055
101. Webster, C. (2019). Halfway there: The transition from 1968 to 2068 in tourism and hospitality. Zeitschrift für Tourismuswissenschaft, 11(1), 5-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tw-2019-0002
102. Wong, J. (2023). Artificial intelligence is revolutionizing marketing. Retrieved from https://www.entrepreneur.com/science-technology/why-artificial-intelligence-is-revolutionizing-marketing/446087
103. Wood, D. M., & Ball, K. (2006). A report on surveillance society. Retrieved from: https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/52714303/A_Report_on_the_Surveillance_Society20170420-12556-9upgbk-libre.pdf?1492684115=&-response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DA_report_on_the_surveillance_society.pdf&Expires=1683834159&Signature=ZsFyXFPIEun0APzkd7m9Rv-hBCw~ZTNDUdJS2jPyLGM-JXloPZaqoaUJxdD5kY1gctGnkb7ASj8iRGl7oUcPXgHcJaLmSCRtYhANhTBkZkYlY8o7kNttCwIONa0WNJyoLG89UYlxYFA4uu3hV8q9i68Iceoav8MePYFFZxLX02tR0vFcnJcUZc~sAPTgN6pPkt8janQgpwn-yf5WQEFgk4qTq2V4ezDv~FDgYsDhQIgd3iUgrQUc~nqzqOQTLIMb33-xY3QrHuH-Fus1CH4SkAQTu0wqZU~QTm2Mok2bkAK~eaGGzamrqKFFfnG7Q4ztRKHMh0QOAjc3xS42KX7VIw__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA
104. Xie-Carson, L., Magor, T., Benckendorff, P., & Hughes, K. (2023). All hype or the real deal? Investigating user engagement with virtual influencers in tourism. Tourism Management, 99, 104779. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2023.104779
105. Yau, K.-L. A., Saad, N. M., & Chong, Y.-W. (2021). Artificial intelligence marketing (AIM) for enhancing customer relationships. Applied Sciences, 11(18), 8562. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11188562
106. Yu, S. (2016). Big privacy: Challenges and opportunities of privacy study in the age of big data. IEEE Access, 4, 2751-2763. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2016.2577036
107. Zhang, L., & Wei, W. (2021). Influencer marketing: A comparison of traditional celebrity, social media influencer, and AI influencer. Boston Hospitality Review, Retrieved from https://www.bu.edu/bhr/files/2022/04/BHR_Zhang-Wei_Influencer-Marketing_OCT.21.pdf
108. Zsarnoczky, M. (2018). The digital future of the tourism & hospitality industry. https://www.bu.edu/bhr/files/2018/06/The-Digital-Future-of-the-Tourism-and-Hospitality-Industry.pdf