The Miraculousness of the Qur'an in the Context of Evidences of Prophethood according to the Scholars of Kelam

Yıl 2016, , 27 - 51, 06.09.2016

Murat Serdar

https://doi.org/10.31120/0.2018.11

Öz

Abstract

The premise of Qur’anic rhetoric as being part of the “Evidence of prophethood” of its

bearer, i.e. Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) - has long been a hotly discussed topic amongst the

scholars of “Kelam” (speculative philosophy). Likewise, just as the life and achievement

of the Prophet is a complete miracle, so too was the Qur’an a complete miracle in itself.

The first time in which the Mutezilite scholars attempted to explain the eloquent rhetoric

of the Qur’an was arguably initiated by Nazzam’s theory of Sarfe. He, while offering an

opinion on the rhetorical aspect of the Qur’an - was soon joined by scholars such as Cahiz,

Rummani, Kadi Abdulcabbar, Bakillani and Abdulkahir el-Curcani who all became

involved in trying to prove the miraculousness of the Qur'an's fluency and composition.

Starting with the Mu’tezilites and continuing up until today - many scholars have tended

towards this topic and have produced several treatises on it.

Anahtar Kelimeler

The Miraculousness of the Qur'an, evidence of prophethood, Qur’ân, miracle, Sarfe, verse, fluency

Kelam’da Delâilu’n- Nübüvve Bağlamında İ’câzu’l- Kur’ân Meselesi

Öz

Öz

İ’câzü’l- Kur’an terimi, Kur’an’ın Hz. Muhammed’in (sav) peygamberliğini isbat (İsbâtü’n-

Nübüvve ) anlamında “Delâilü’n-Nübüvve” kapsamında Kelam ilminde tartışılan

bir konudur. Zira Kur’an Hz. Muhammed’in tehaddi ile birlikte vaki olan mütevatir tek

mucizesidir. İlk defa Mu’tezîlî alimlerin tartıştıkları bu meselede Kur’an’ın i’câz vechinin

neresinde olduğu önemli bir yer tutmuştur. Nazzam Sarfe görüşü ile Kur’an’ın i’câzını

açıklamaya çalışırken, Câhiz, Rummânî, Kadı Abdulcabbâr, Bâkıllâni, Abdülkâhir el-Cürcânî

gibi alimler de Kur’an’ın fesâhat ve nazmı yönünden mucize olduğunu ispat etmeye

çalışmışlardır. Mu’tezile’den başlayarak günümüze kadar uzanan süreçte birçok alim bu

konuya eğilmiş ve birçok eser yazılmıştır.

Abstract

The premise of Qur’anic rhetoric as being part of the “Evidence of prophethood” of its

bearer, i.e. Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) - has long been a hotly discussed topic amongst the

scholars of “Kelam” (speculative philosophy). Likewise, just as the life and achievement

of the Prophet is a complete miracle, so too was the Qur’an a complete miracle in itself.

The first time in which the Mutezilite scholars attempted to explain the eloquent rhetoric

of the Qur’an was arguably initiated by Nazzam’s theory of Sarfe. He, while offering an

opinion on the rhetorical aspect of the Qur’an - was soon joined by scholars such as Cahiz,

Rummani, Kadi Abdulcabbar, Bakillani and Abdulkahir el-Curcani who all became

involved in trying to prove the miraculousness of the Qur'an's fluency and composition.

Starting with the Mu’tezilites and continuing up until today - many scholars have tended

towards this topic and have produced several treatises on it.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İ’câzü’l-Kur’an, Delâilu’n-Nübüvve, İsbâtu’n-Nübüvve, Kur’an, Mûcize, Sarfe, Nazım, Fesâhet

Kaynakça

• Y. Şevki Yavuz, “İ’câzü’l-Kur'ân”, ss. 403-404; Ayrıca Bkz. Hımsî, ss. 50-138.